a) Interpretation of Results. Although the majority of infants affected by sickle cell disease/trait and other hemoglobinopathies will be identified by this screening, due to genetic variabilities and variations in health status, sample quality, and timing of sample collection, not all infants affected by the disorder may be identified. As with any laboratory test, false positive and false negative results are possible. Newborn screening test results are insufficient information on which to base diagnosis or treatment. Qualitative testing will determine the presence of various hemoglobins.

1. 1) When hemoglobin F and hemoglobin S, but no hemoglobin A, are detected on the same sample, the Department will recommend referral to a designated medical specialist for follow-up and genetic counseling.
2. 2) When hemoglobin F, hemoglobin S and hemoglobin C, but no hemoglobin A, are detected on the same sample, the Department will recommend referral to a designated medical specialist for follow-up and genetic counseling.
3. 3) When hemoglobin F, hemoglobin A and hemoglobin C or hemoglobin F, hemoglobin A and hemoglobin S are detected on the same sample, the Department will recommend parental testing and genetic counseling by the attending physician or another qualified counselor.
4. 4) When hemoglobin F and other hemoglobins, such as hemoglobin D, hemoglobin E or hemoglobin H (Bart's) are detected, the Department will recommend referral to a designated medical specialist for follow-up and genetic testing.
5. 5) When hemoglobin A is detected as the predominant hemoglobin, and the blood spot sample was collected at less than two months of age, a written report will be sent to the submitter. The medical provider shall collect a repeat newborn screening blood spot sample at 120 days post-transfusion if the initial sample was collected post-transfusion.