2103.1 Whenever traffic is controlled by traffic control signals exhibiting the words “GO,” “CAUTION,” or “STOP,” or exhibiting different colored lights, arrows, or combinations of lights and arrows successively one at a time, only those colors set forth in this section shall be used, and the terms and lights shall indicate and apply to drivers of vehicles as set forth in this section.

2103.2 In the event an official traffic control signal is erected and maintained at a place other than an intersection, the provisions of this section shall be applicable, except those provisions which, by their nature, could have no application.

2103.3 The color GREEN alone or the word “GO” on a traffic control signal shall have the following meaning:

1. (a) Vehicular traffic facing the GREEN or “GO” signal, except when prohibited under § 2211.4, may proceed straight through or turn right or left unless a sign at such place prohibits a turn in either direction or both directions; and
2. (b) Vehicular traffic, including vehicles turning right or left, shall yield the right-of-way to other vehicles and to pedestrians lawfully within the intersection or an adjacent crosswalk at the time the GREEN or “GO” signal is exhibited.

2103.4 A GREEN ARROW shall have the following meaning:

1. (a) Vehicular traffic facing such signal may cautiously enter the intersection only to make the movement indicated by the arrow; and
2. (b) Vehicles shall yield the right-of-way to pedestrians lawfully within a crosswalk and to other traffic lawfully using the intersection.

2103.5 A STEADY YELLOW SIGNAL alone shall have the following meaning:

1. (a) Vehicular traffic facing a steady yellow signal is thereby warned that a related green signal is being terminated or that a red signal will be exhibited thereafter, or both; and
2. (b) Vehicular traffic shall stop before entering the nearest crosswalk of the intersection, unless so close to the intersection that a stop cannot safely be made.

2103.6 A STEADY YELLOW ARROW shall have the following meaning:

1. (a) Vehicular traffic facing the signal is warned that vehicular movement in the

direction that the arrow is pointing is about to be terminated by means of a steady full red, a steady red arrow, or simply by the green arrow being turned off; and

(b) Vehicular traffic shall stop before entering the nearest crosswalk at the intersection, unless so close to the intersection that a stop cannot be made in safety.

2103.7 A STEADY RED SIGNAL alone or the word “STOP” shall have the following meaning:

(a) Vehicular traffic facing the signal shall stop before entering the crosswalk on the near side of the intersection or, if none, then before entering the intersection;

(b) Stopped vehicles shall remain standing until green, green arrow, or flashing yellow is shown, except as provided in paragraph (c) of this subsection; and

(c) A vehicle facing a steady red signal may cautiously enter the intersection to turn right after stopping. The vehicle shall yield right-of-way to pedestrians within an adjacent crosswalk and to other traffic lawfully using the intersection.

2103.8 A STEADY RED ARROW shall have the following meaning:

(a) Vehicular traffic facing the signal destined to proceed in the direction that the arrow is pointing shall stop before entering the crosswalk on the near side of the intersection or, if none, the vehicle shall stop before entering the intersection; and

(b) The vehicle shall remain standing until a green arrow or flashing yellow arrow is shown.

2103.9 Any stop required shall be made at a sign or marking on the pavement indicating where the stop shall be made; Provided, that in the absence of any sign or marking, the stop shall be made at the signal.