1. (a) A signal shall be provided in the following instances:

   1. (1) When the point of operation, meaning the load travel or the area near or at load placement, is not in full view of the operator;
   2. (2) When the equipment is traveling and the view in the direction of travel is obstructed; or (3) When, due to site-specific safety concerns, either the operator or the person handling the load determines that it is necessary.
2. (b) Signals shall be discernable or audible at all times.
3. (c) An operator shall not respond to a signal unless the operator clearly understands the signal.
4. (d) Signals to a hoisting equipment operator shall be by hand, unless voice communication equipment is used.

5. (e) Hand signals.

   1. (1) Standard method: Hand signals shall be as provided in SAE J1307-2002, Excavator and Back Hoe Hand Signals. SAE J1307- 2002, Excavator and Back Hoe Hand Signals, may be obtained from sae.org.
   2. (2) Non-standard hand signals: Where use of the standard method is not feasible, or where the standard method does not cover an operation or use of an attachment, non-standard hand signals may be used. When using non-standard hand signals, the signal person, hoisting equipment operator and lift supervisor, if applicable, shall agree in advance of the operation on the non-standard hand signals to be used.

(Adopted effective February 2, 2010)