To be covered under FERS, an individual must:

1. (a) Be an employee, Member, or specifically covered by another provision of law;
2. (b) Be covered by social security;
3. (c) Have retirement deductions withheld from pay and have agency contributions made; and

4. (d) Be paid based on units of time.

   Except as provided in § 842.104 and as excluded by § 842.105, an employee or Member is covered by FERS.