(a) In addition to the other taxes imposed by this part, there is hereby imposed for each taxable year, a tax equal to the excess, if any, of:

1. (1) The tentative minimum tax for the taxable year, over
2. (2) The regular tax for the taxable year.

(b) For purposes of this chapter, each of the following applies:

1. (1) The tentative minimum tax shall be computed in accordance with Sections 55 to 59, inclusive, of the Internal Revenue Code, except as otherwise provided in this part.
2. (2) The regular tax shall be the amount of tax imposed by Section 17041 or 17048, before reduction for any credits against the tax, less any amount imposed under paragraph (1) of subdivision (d) and paragraph (1) of subdivision (e) of Section 17560.

3. (3)

   1. (A) The provisions of Section 55(b)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code shall be modified to provide that the tentative minimum tax for the taxable year shall be equal to the following percent of so much of the alternative minimum taxable income for the taxable year as exceeds the exemption amount, before reduction for any credits against the tax:

      1. (i) For any taxable year beginning on or after January 1, 1991, and before January 1, 1996, 8.5 percent.
      2. (ii) For any taxable year beginning on or after January 1, 1996, and before January 1, 2009, 7 percent.
      3. (iii) For taxable years beginning on and after January 1, 2009, and before January 1, 2011, 7.25 percent.
      4. (iv) For any taxable year beginning on or after January 1, 2011, 7 percent.
   2. (B) In the case of a nonresident or part-year resident, the tentative minimum tax shall be computed by multiplying the alternative minimum taxable income of the nonresident or part-year resident, as defined in subparagraph (C), by a rate (expressed as a percentage) equal to the tax computed under subdivision (b) on the alternative minimum taxable income of the nonresident or part-year resident as if the nonresident or part-year resident were a resident of this state for the taxable year and as if the nonresident or part-year resident were a resident of this state for all prior taxable years for any carryover items, deferred income, suspended losses, or suspended deductions, divided by the amount of that income.

   3. (C) For purposes of this section, the term “alternative minimum taxable income of a nonresident or part-year resident” includes each of the following:

      1. (i) For any period during which the taxpayer was a resident of this state (as defined by Section 17014), all items of alternative minimum taxable income (as modified for purposes of this chapter), regardless of source.
      2. (ii) For any period during which the taxpayer was not a resident of this state, alternative minimum taxable income (as modified for purposes of this chapter) which were derived from sources within this state, determined in accordance with Article 9 of Chapter 3 (commencing with Section 17301) and Chapter 11 (commencing with Section 17951).
      3. (iii) For purposes of computing “alternative minimum taxable income of a nonresident or part-year resident,” any carryover items, deferred income, suspended losses, or suspended deductions shall only be allowable to the extent that the carryover item, suspended loss, or suspended deduction was derived from sources within this state.

4. (4) The provisions of Section 55(b)(2) of the Internal Revenue Code, relating to alternative minimum taxable income, shall be modified to provide that alternative minimum taxable income shall not include the income, adjustments, and items of tax preference attributable to any trade or business of a qualified taxpayer.

   1. (A) For purposes of this paragraph, “qualified taxpayer” means a taxpayer who meets both of the following:

      1. (i) Is the owner of, or has an ownership interest in, a trade or business.
      2. (ii) Has aggregate gross receipts, less returns and allowances, of less than one million dollars ($1,000,000) during the taxable year from all trades or businesses of which the taxpayer is the owner or has an ownership interest, in the amount of that taxpayer’s proportionate interest in each trade or business.
   2. (B) For purposes of this paragraph, “aggregate gross receipts, less returns and allowances” means the sum of the gross receipts of the trades or businesses that the taxpayer owns and the proportionate interest of the gross receipts of the trades or businesses that the taxpayer owns and of pass-through entities in which the taxpayer holds an interest.
   3. (C) For purposes of this paragraph, “gross receipts, less returns and allowances” means the sum of the gross receipts from the production of business income, as defined in subdivision (a) of Section 25120, and the gross receipts from the production of nonbusiness income, as defined in subdivision (d) of Section 25120.

   4. (D) For purposes of this paragraph, “proportionate interest” means:

      1. (i) In the case of a pass-through entity that reports a profit for the taxable year, the taxpayer’s profit interest in the entity at the end of the taxpayer’s taxable year.
      2. (ii) In the case of a pass-through entity that reports a loss for the taxable year, the taxpayer’s loss interest in the entity at the end of the taxpayer’s taxable year.
      3. (iii) In the case of a pass-through entity that is sold or liquidates during the taxable year, the taxpayer’s capital account interest in the entity at the time of the sale or liquidation.

   5. (E)

      1. (i) For purposes of this paragraph, “proportionate interest” includes an interest in a pass-through entity.

      2. (ii) For purposes of this paragraph, “pass-through entity” means any of the following:

         1. (I) A partnership, as defined by Section 17008.
         2. (II) An “S” corporation, as provided in Chapter 4.5 (commencing with Section 23800) of Part 11.
         3. (III) A regulated investment company, as provided in Section 24871.
         4. (IV) A real estate investment trust, as provided in Section 24872.
         5. (V) A real estate mortgage investment conduit, as provided in Section 24874.

5. (5) For taxable years beginning on or after January 1, 1998, Section 55(d)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code, relating to exemption amount for taxpayers other than corporations is modified, for purposes of this part, to provide the following exemption amounts in lieu of those contained therein:

   1. (A) Fifty-seven thousand two hundred sixty dollars ($57,260) in the case of either of the following:

      1. (i) A joint return.
      2. (ii) A surviving spouse.

   2. (B) Forty-two thousand nine hundred forty-five dollars ($42,945) in the case of an individual who is both of the following:

      1. (i) Not a married individual.
      2. (ii) Not a surviving spouse.

   3. (C) Twenty-eight thousand six hundred thirty dollars ($28,630) in the case of either of the following:

      1. (i) A married individual who files a separate return.
      2. (ii) An estate or trust.

6. (6) For taxable years beginning on or after January 1, 1998, Section 55(d)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code, relating to phaseout of exemption amount, is modified, for purposes of this part, to provide the following phaseout of exemption amounts in lieu of those contained therein:

   1. (A) Two hundred fourteen thousand seven hundred twenty-five dollars ($214,725) in the case of a taxpayer described in subparagraph (A) of paragraph (5).
   2. (B) One hundred sixty-one thousand forty-four dollars ($161,044) in the case of a taxpayer described in subparagraph (B) of paragraph (5).
   3. (C) One hundred seven thousand three hundred sixty-two dollars ($107,362) in the case of a taxpayer described in subparagraph (C) of paragraph (5).

7. (7) For each taxable year beginning on or after January 1, 1999, the Franchise Tax Board shall recompute the exemption amounts prescribed in paragraph (5) and the phaseout of exemption amounts prescribed in paragraph (6). Those computations shall be made as follows:

   1. (A) The California Department of Industrial Relations shall transmit annually to the Franchise Tax Board the percentage change in the California Consumer Price Index for all items from June of the prior calendar year to June of the current calendar year, no later than August 1 of the current calendar year.

   2. (B) The Franchise Tax Board shall do both of the following:

      1. (i) Compute an inflation adjustment factor by adding 100 percent to the percentage change figure that is furnished pursuant to subparagraph (A) and dividing the result by 100.
      2. (ii) Multiply the preceding taxable year exemption amounts and the phaseout of exemption amounts by the inflation adjustment factor determined in clause (i) and round off the resulting products to the nearest one dollar ($1).

(c)

1. (1) Section 56(b)(1)(E) of the Internal Revenue Code, relating to standard deduction and deduction for personal exemptions not allowed, is modified, for purposes of this part, to deny the standard deduction allowed by Section 17073.5.

2. (2) Section 56(b)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code, relating to treatment of incentive stock options, shall be modified to additionally provide the following:

   1. (A) Section 421 of the Internal Revenue Code does not apply to the transfer of stock acquired pursuant to the exercise of a California qualified stock option under Section 17502.
   2. (B) Section 422(c)(2) of the Internal Revenue Code applies in any case in which the disposition and inclusion of a California qualified stock option for purposes of this chapter are within the same taxable year, and that section does not apply in any other case.
   3. (C) The adjusted basis of any stock acquired by the exercise of a California qualified stock option shall be determined on the basis of the treatment prescribed by this paragraph.