(b)

1. (1) A current or former resident or patient, or the legal representative, personal representative, or successor in interest of a current or former resident or patient, of a skilled nursing facility, as defined in subdivision (c) of Section 1250, or intermediate care facility, as defined in subdivision (d) of Section 1250, may bring a civil action against the licensee of a facility who violates any rights of the resident or patient as set forth in Section 72527 or 73523 of Title 22 of the California Code of Regulations, or any other right provided for by federal or state law or regulation. The suit shall be brought in a court of competent jurisdiction. The licensee shall be liable for the acts of the licensee’s employees.

   1. (A) For violations that occurred prior to March 1, 2021, the licensee shall be liable for up to five hundred dollars ($500) and for costs and attorney’s fees, and may be enjoined from permitting the violation or violations to continue.
   2. (B) For violations that occur on or after March 1, 2021, the licensee shall be liable for up to five hundred dollars ($500) for each violation, and for costs and attorney’s fees, and may be enjoined from permitting the violation or violations to continue.
   3. (C) An agreement by a resident or patient of a skilled nursing facility or intermediate care facility to waive that resident’s or patient’s rights to sue pursuant to this subdivision is void as contrary to public policy.

2. (2) In assessing the amount of the statutory damages to be awarded under this subdivision, the following factors shall be considered:

   1. (A) The nature and seriousness of each violation.
   2. (B) The likelihood and severity of the risk that each violation would cause a resident to suffer indignity, discomfort, or pain.
   3. (C) The efforts made by the facility to prevent each violation from occurring or to prevent future violations.