(a) For purposes of this chapter:

1. (1) “California Consumer Privacy Act-excluded covered information” or “CCPA-excluded covered information” means covered information that is not subject to the California Consumer Privacy Act of 2018 (Title 1.81.5 (commencing with Section 1798.100) of Part 4 of Division 3 of the Civil Code).

2. (2) “Covered information” means personally identifiable information or materials, in any media or format that meets any of the following:

   1. (A) Is created or provided by a pupil, or the pupil’s parent or legal guardian, to an operator in the course of the pupil’s, parent’s, or legal guardian’s use of the operator’s site, service, or application for preschool and prekindergarten purposes.
   2. (B) Is created or provided by an employee or agent of the preschool, prekindergarten, school district, local educational agency, or county office of education, to an operator.
   3. (C) Is gathered by an operator through the operation of a site, service, or application described in paragraph (4), and is descriptive of a pupil or otherwise identifies a pupil, including, but not limited to, information in the pupil’s educational record or email, first and last name, home address, telephone number, email address, or other information that allows physical or online contact, discipline records, test results, special education data, juvenile dependency records, grades, evaluations, criminal records, medical records, health records, social security number, biometric information, disabilities, socioeconomic information, food purchases, political affiliations, religious information, text messages, documents, pupil identifiers, search activity, photographs, voice recordings, or geolocation information.
3. (3) “Online service” includes cloud computing services, which must comply with this section if they otherwise meet the definition of an operator.
4. (4) “Operator” means the operator of an internet website, online service, online application, or mobile application with actual knowledge that the site, service, or application is used primarily for preschool or prekindergarten purposes and was designed and marketed for preschool and prekindergarten purposes.
5. (5) “Preschool or prekindergarten purposes” means purposes that customarily take place at the direction of the preschool, prekindergarten, teacher, or school district, or aid in the administration of preschool or prekindergarten activities, including, but not limited to, instruction in the classroom or at home, administrative activities, and collaboration between pupils, preschool or prekindergarten personnel, or parents, or are for the use and benefit of the preschool or prekindergarten.
6. (6) “Pupil” means a child enrolled in a preschool or prekindergarten course of instruction.

(b) An operator shall not knowingly engage in any of the following activities with respect to their site, service, or application:

1. (1)

   1. (A) Engage in targeted advertising on the operator’s site, service, or application.
   2. (B) Target advertising on any other site, service, or application when the targeting of the advertising is based upon any information, including covered information and persistent unique identifiers, that the operator has acquired because of the use of that operator’s site, service, or application described in paragraph (4) of subdivision (a).
2. (2) Use information, including persistent unique identifiers, created or gathered by the operator’s site, service, or application, to amass a profile about a pupil, except in furtherance of preschool or prekindergarten purposes.
3. (3) Sell a pupil’s information, including covered information. This prohibition does not apply to the purchase, merger, or other type of acquisition of an operator by another entity, provided that the operator or successor entity continues to be subject to the provisions of this section with respect to previously acquired pupil information.

4. (4) Disclose covered information unless the disclosure is made:

   1. (A) In furtherance of the preschool and prekindergarten purposes of the site, service, or application, provided that the recipient of the covered information disclosed pursuant to this subparagraph:

      1. (i) Shall not further disclose the information unless done to allow or improve operability and functionality within that pupil’s preschool or prekindergarten.
      2. (ii) Is legally required to comply with subdivision (d);
   2. (B) To ensure legal and regulatory compliance;
   3. (C) To respond to or participate in a judicial process;
   4. (D) To protect the safety of users or others or security of the site; or
   5. (E) To a service provider, provided the operator contractually (i) prohibits the service provider from using any covered information for any purpose other than providing the contracted service to, or on behalf of, the operator, (ii) prohibits the service provider from disclosing any covered information provided by the operator with subsequent third parties, and (iii) requires the service provider to implement and maintain reasonable security procedures and practices as provided in subdivision (d).

(d) An operator shall do all of the following:

1. (1) Implement and maintain reasonable security procedures and practices appropriate to the nature of the covered information, and protect that information from unauthorized access, destruction, use, modification, or disclosure.
2. (2) Delete a pupil’s covered information if the preschool, prekindergarten, or district requests deletion of data under the control of the preschool, prekindergarten, or district.

3. (3)

   1. (A) Delete a pupil’s CCPA-excluded covered information under the operator’s control if a pupil’s parent, guardian, or education rights holder or, in the case of a former pupil 18 years of age or older, the pupil requests an operator to delete the covered information under the operator’s control if the pupil has been no longer enrolled in the preschool, prekindergarten, or district for at least 60 days.
   2. (B) Before deleting any information described in subparagraph (A), the operator shall require documentation that the pupil is no longer enrolled in the preschool, prekindergarten, or district.

(e) Notwithstanding paragraph (4) of subdivision (b), an operator may disclose covered information of a pupil, as long as paragraphs (1) to (3), inclusive, of subdivision (b) are not violated, under the following circumstances:

1. (1) If other provisions of federal or state law require the operator to disclose the information, and the operator complies with the requirements of federal and state law in protecting and disclosing that information.
2. (2) For legitimate research purposes: (A) as required by state or federal law and subject to the restrictions under applicable state and federal law or (B) as allowed by state or federal law and under the direction of a preschool, prekindergarten, school district, or state department of education, if no covered information is used for any purpose in furtherance of advertising or to amass a profile on the pupil for purposes other than preschool and prekindergarten purposes.
3. (3) To a state or local educational agency, including preschools, prekindergartens, and school districts, for preschool and prekindergarten purposes, as permitted by state or federal law.

(f) This section does not prohibit an operator from using deidentified pupil covered information as follows:

1. (1) Within the operator’s site, service, or application or other sites, services, or applications owned by the operator to improve educational products.
2. (2) To demonstrate the effectiveness of the operator’s products or services, including in their marketing.