Cal. Code Regs. tit. 17, § 95663.0.1 – Greenhouse Gas Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for New 2014 and Subsequent Model Heavy-Duty Vehicles. (Alternative)

(a) GHG Exhaust Emission Standards for New 2014 and Subsequent Model Heavy-Duty Vehicles over 14,000 Pounds GVWR
1. (1) Diesel and Otto-Cycle Vocational Vehicles.
  1. (A) The CO₂ emissions for new 2014 and subsequent model heavy-duty vehicles shall not exceed:
    1. 1. Averaging, Banking, and Trading and Credits. The requirements for the optional averaging, banking, and trading program and for generating credits are described in the applicable test procedures incorporated by reference in section (c).
    2. 2. Useful Life Requirements. Heavy-duty vocational vehicles must comply with the emission standards in this subsection (a)(1)(A) throughout the full useful life, as follows:
      1. a. 110,000 miles or 10 years, whichever comes first, for vehicles at or below 19,500 pounds GVWR.
      2. b. 185,000 miles or 10 years, whichever comes first, for vehicles above 19,500 pounds GVWR and at or below 33,000 pounds GVWR.
      3. c. 435,000 miles or 10 years, whichever comes first, for vehicles above 33,000 pounds GVWR.
    GVWR (pounds)
    CO₂ standard (g/ton-mile) for model years 2014 -- 2016
    CO₂ standard (g/ton-mile) for model year 2017 and later
    GVWR ≤ 19,500
    388
    373
    19,500 < GVWR ≤ 33,000
    234
    225
    GVWR > 33,000
    226
    222
2. (2) Diesel and Otto-Cycle Tractors above 26,000 Pounds GVWR.
  1. (A) The CO₂ emissions for new 2014 and subsequent model tractors above 26,000 pounds GVWR shall not exceed:
    1. 1. Averaging, Banking, and Trading Program and Credits. The requirements for the optional averaging, banking, and trading program and for generating credits are described in the applicable test procedures incorporated by reference in section (c).
    2. 2. Useful Life Requirements. Heavy-duty tractors must comply with the emission standards in this subsection (a)(2)(A) throughout the full useful life, as follows:
      1. a. 185,000 miles or 10 years, whichever comes first, for vehicles above 26,000 pounds GVWR and at or below 33,000 pounds GVWR.
      2. b. 435,000 miles or 10 years, whichever comes first, for vehicles above 33,000 pounds GVWR.
    GVWR (pounds)
    Sub-Category
    CO₂ standard (g/ton-mile) for model years 2014 -- 2016
    CO₂ standard (g/ton-mile) for model year 2017 and later
    26,000 < GVWR ≤ 33,000
    Low-Roof (all cab styles)
    107
    104
    Mid-Roof (all cab styles)
    119
    115
    High-Roof (all cab styles)
    124
    120
    GVWR > 33,000
    Low-Roof Day Cab
    81
    80
    Low-Roof Sleeper Cab
    68
    66
    Mid-Roof Day Cab
    88
    86
    Mid-Roof Sleeper Cab
    76
    73
    High-Roof Day Cab
    92
    89
    High-Roof Sleeper Cab
    75
    72
  2. (B) Air Conditioning Leakage. Loss of refrigerant from air conditioning systems from 2014 and later heavy-duty tractors may not exceed 1.50 percent per year, except as allowed by subsections (a)(2)(B)1. and (a)(2)(B)2. below.
    1. 1. For air condition refrigerants other than HFC -- 134a, the leakage rate is adjusted by multiplying it by the global warming potential of the refrigerant and dividing the product by 1430 (which is the global warming potential of HFC -- 134a).
    2. 2. If the total refrigerant capacity is less than 734 grams, the leakage rate may exceed 1.50 percent, as long as the total leakage rate does not exceed 11.0 grams per year.
(b) GHG Exhaust Emission Standards for New 2014 and Subsequent Model Diesel and Otto-Cycle Medium-Duty Vehicles between 8,501 to 14,000 Pounds GVWR
1. (1) Diesel and Otto-Cycle Vehicles between 8,501 to 14,000 Pounds GVWR.
  1. (A) Diesel Fleet-Average Emission Standards.
    1. 1. CO₂ Fleet-Average Standards. For each model year, a manufacturer's national fleet-average CO₂ emissions for its diesel medium-duty vehicles shall not exceed the CO₂ fleet-average standard. The CO₂ fleet-average standard is calculated by a national production-weighted average of target values and rounded to the nearest 0.1 grams per mile, as follows:
      1. a. Phase-In Provisions. A manufacturer must choose either Option A or Option B below for phasing in the diesel fleet-average CO₂ target of this subsection (b)(1)(A).
        Option A Phase-In Provisions for Diesel Fleet-Average CO₂ Target
        Vehicle model year
        Option A CO₂ target (g/mile)
        2014
        [0.0478 x (WF)] + 368
        2015
        [0.0474 x (WF)] + 366
        2016
        [0.0460 x (WF)] + 354
        2017
        [0.0445 x (WF)] + 343
        2018 and subsequent
        [0.0416 x (WF)] + 320
        Option B Phase-In Provisions for Diesel Fleet-Average CO₂ Target
        Vehicle model year
        Option B CO₂ target (g/mile)
        2014
        [0.0478 x (WF)] + 368
        2015
        [0.0474 x (WF)] + 366
        2016 -- 2018
        [0.0440 x (WF)] + 339
        2019 and subsequent
        [0.0416 x (WF)] + 320
      2. b. Useful Life Provisions. A medium-duty vehicle must comply with the emission standards in this subsection (b)(1)(A) throughout its full useful life, of 11 years or 120,000 miles, whichever occurs first.
      3. c. Production and In-use CO₂ standards. Each vehicle a manufacturer produces that is subject to the standards of this section has an “in-use” CO₂ standard that is calculated from the test result and that applies for selective enforcement audits and in- use testing. This in-use CO₂ standard for each vehicle is equal to the applicable deteriorated emission level multiplied by 1.10 and rounded to the nearest 0.1 g/mile.
      The target values, for each vehicle configuration, are calculated as follows:
      where WF is the work factor.
      WF = 0.75 x (GVWR -- Curb Weight + xwd) + 0.25 x (GCWR -- GVWR)
      Where:
      xwd = 500 pounds if the vehicle has four-wheel drive or all-wheel drive; xwd = 0 pounds for all other vehicles.
    2. 2. N₂O and CH₄ Emission Standards. The N₂O emissions for new 2014 and subsequent model medium-duty vehicles shall not exceed 0.05 g/mi, and CH₄ emissions for new 2014 and subsequent model medium-duty vehicles shall not exceed 0.05 g/mi. Alternate standards using CO₂ emission credits may be used and are described in the “California Greenhouse Gas Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for 2014 and Subsequent Model Heavy-Duty Vehicles,” incorporated by reference in section (c).
  2. (B) Otto-Cycle Fleet-Average Emission Standards.
    1. 1. CO₂ Fleet-Average Standards. For each model year, a manufacturer's national fleet-average CO₂ emissions for its Otto-cycle medium-duty vehicles shall not exceed the CO₂ fleet-average standard. The CO₂ fleet-average standard is calculated by a national production-weighted average of target values and rounded to the nearest 0.1 grams per mile, as follows:
      1. a. Phase-In Provisions. A manufacturer must choose either Option A or Option B below for phasing in the Otto-cycle fleet-average CO₂ target of this subsection (b)(1)(B).
        Option A Phase-In Provisions for Otto-Cycle Fleet-Average CO₂ Target
        Vehicle model year
        Option A CO₂ target (g/mile)
        2014
        [0.0482 x (WF)] + 371
        2015
        [0.0479 x (WF)] + 369
        2016
        [0.0469 x (WF)] + 362
        2017
        [0.0460 x (WF)] + 354
        2018 and subsequent
        [0.0440 x (WF)] + 339
        Option B Phase-In Provisions for Otto-Cycle Fleet-Average CO₂ Target
        Vehicle model year
        Option B CO₂ target (g/mile)
        2014
        [0.0482 x (WF)] + 371
        2015
        [0.0479 x (WF)] + 369
        2016-2018
        [0.0456 x (WF)] + 352
        2019 and subsequent
        [0.0440 x (WF)] + 339
      2. b. Useful Life Provisions. A medium-duty vehicle must comply with the emission standards in this subsection (b)(1)(B) throughout its full useful life, which is 11 years or 120,000 miles, whichever occurs first.
      3. c. Production and In-use CO₂ standards. Each vehicle a manufacturer produces that is subject to the standards of this section has an “in-use” CO₂ standard that is calculated from the test result and that applies for selective enforcement audits and in- use testing. This in-use CO₂ standard for each vehicle is equal to the applicable deteriorated emission level multiplied by 1.10 and rounded to the nearest 0.1 g/mile.
      The target values, for each vehicle configuration, are calculated as follows:
      where WF is the work factor.
      WF = 0.75 x (GVWR -- Curb Weight + xwd) + 0.25 x (GCWR -- GVWR)
      Where:
      xwd = 500 pounds if the vehicle has four-wheel drive or all-wheel drive; xwd = 0 pounds for all other vehicles.
    2. 2. N₂O and CH₄ Emission Standards. The N₂O emissions for new 2014 and subsequent model medium-duty vehicles shall not exceed 0.05 g/mi, and CH₄ emissions for new 2014 and subsequent model medium-duty vehicles shall not exceed 0.05 g/mi. Alternate standards using CO₂ emission credits may be used and are described in the applicable test procedures incorporated by reference in section (c).
  3. (C) Air Conditioning Leakage. Loss of refrigerant from air conditioning systems from 2014 and later medium-duty vehicles may not exceed 1.50 percent per year, except as allowed by subsections (b)(1)(C)1. and (b)(1)(C)2. below.
    1. 1. For air condition refrigerants other than HFC -- 134a, the leakage rate is adjusted by multiplying it by the global warming potential of the refrigerant and dividing the product by 1430 (which is the global warming potential of HFC -- 134a).
    2. 2. If the total refrigerant capacity is less than 734 grams, the leakage rate may exceed 1.50 percent, as long as the total leakage rate does not exceed 11.0 grams per year.
(c) The test procedures for determining compliance with GHG emission standards applicable to 2014 and subsequent model medium- and heavy-duty vehicles are set forth in the “California Greenhouse Gas Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for 2014 and Subsequent Model Heavy-Duty Vehicles,” adopted October 21, 2014, which is incorporated by reference herein.

For purposes of this section, any cross-referenced section in title 13 or title 17 of the California Code of Regulations shall refer to the section identified as the alternative version “(Alternative)” for the corresponding section, to the extent an alternative version of that section exists.

Note: Authority cited: Sections 38501, 38505, 38510, 38560, 39010, 39600, 39601, 43013, 43018, 43101, 43104 and 43105, Health and Safety Code. Reference: Sections 38501, 38505, 38510, 38560, 38580, 39002, 39003, 39600, 39601, 43000, 43009.5, 43013, 43018, 43100, 43101, 43101.5, 43102, 43104, 43105, 43106, 43205, 43205.5 and 43211, Health and Safety Code.

History

1. New section filed 10-2-2025 as an emergency; operative 10-2-2025 (Register 2025, No. 40). A Certificate of Compliance must be transmitted to OAL by 4-1-2026 or emergency language will be repealed by operation of law on the following day.

2. New section refiled 3-26-2026 as an emergency; operative 4-1-2026 (Register 2026, No. 13). A Certificate of Compliance must be transmitted to OAL by 6-30-2026 or emergency language will be repealed by operation of law on the following day.