Cal. Code Regs. tit. 13, § 1961.2.1 – Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures -- 2015 and Subsequent Model Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Vehicles. (Alternative)

(a) Exhaust Emission Standards.
1. (1) “LEV III” Exhaust Standards. The following standards are the maximum exhaust emissions for the full useful life from new 2015 and subsequent model year “LEV III” passenger cars, light-duty trucks, and medium-duty vehicles, including fuel-flexible, bi-fuel and dual-fuel vehicles when operating on the gaseous or alcohol fuel they are designed to use. 2015 -- 2019 model-year LEV II LEV vehicles may be certified to the 150,000 mile NMOG+NOx emission standards for LEV160, LEV395, or LEV630, as applicable, in this subsection (a)(1) and the corresponding NMOG+NOx numerical values in subsection (a)(4), in lieu of the separate NMOG and NOx exhaust emission standards in subsection 1961(a)(1) and the corresponding NMOG numerical values in subsection 1961(a)(4) and LEV II ULEV vehicles may be certified to the 150,000 mile NMOG+NOx emission standards for ULEV125, ULEV340, or ULEV570, as applicable, in this subsection (a)(1) and the corresponding NMOG+NOx numerical values in subsection (a)(4), in lieu of the separate NMOG and NOx exhaust emission standards in subsection 1961(a)(1) and the corresponding NMOG numerical values in subsection 1961(a)(4). 2015 -- 2019 model-year LEV II SULEV vehicles that receive a partial ZEV allowance in accordance with the “California Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for 2009 through 2017 Model Zero-Emission Vehicles and Hybrid Electric Vehicles, in the Passenger Car, Light-Duty Truck and Medium-Duty Vehicle Classes” and 2015 -- 2016 model year vehicles that are allowed to certify to LEV II SULEV standards using “carryover” of emission test data under the provisions in subsection (b)(2) may be certified to the 150,000 mile NMOG+NOx emission standards for SULEV30, SULEV170, or SULEV230, as applicable, in this subsection (a)(1) and the corresponding NMOG+NOx numerical values in subsection (a)(4), in lieu of the separate NMOG and NOx exhaust emission standards in subsection 1961(a)(1) and the corresponding NMOG numerical values in subsection 1961(a)(4). LEV II SULEV vehicles that do not either receive a partial ZEV allowance or (2) certify to LEV II SULEV standards in the 2015 -- 2016 model years using “carryover” of emission test data may not certify to combined NMOG+NOx standards. LEV II vehicles that certify to combined NMOG+NOx standards will be treated as LEV II vehicles for purposes of the fleet-wide phase-in requirements.
  LEV III Exhaust Mass Emission Standards for New 2015
  and Subsequent Model Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Vehicles ³
  Vehicle Type
  Durability
  Vehicle Emission
  NMOG + Oxides
  Carbon
  Formaldehyde
  Particulates ¹
  Vehicle Basis (mi)
  Category ²
  of Nitrogen ⁴ (g/mi)
  Monoxide (g/mi)
  (mg/mi)
  (g/mi)
  All PCs; LDTs 8500 lbs. GVWR or less; and MDPVs
  150,000
  LEV160
  0.160
  4.2
  4
  0.01
  Vehicles in this category are tested at their loaded vehicle weight
  ULEV125
  0.125
  2.1
  4
  0.01
  ULEV70
  0.070
  1.7
  4
  0.01
  ULEV50
  0.050
  1.7
  4
  0.01
  SULEV30
  0.030
  1.0
  4
  0.01
  SULEV20
  0.020
  1.0
  4
  0.01
  MDVs 8501 -- 10,000 lbs. GVWR, excluding MDPVs
  150,000
  LEV395 ⁵, ⁶
  0.395
  6.4
  6
  0.12
  Vehicles in this category are tested at their adjusted loaded vehicle weight
  ULEV340 ⁵, ⁶
  0.340
  6.4
  6
  0.06
  ULEV250
  0.250
  6.4
  6
  0.06
  ULEV200
  0.200
  4.2
  6
  0.06
  SULEV170
  0.170
  4.2
  6
  0.06
  SULEV150
  0.150
  3.2
  6
  0.06
  MDVs 10,001-14,000 lbs. GVWR
  150,000
  LEV630 ⁵, ⁶
  0.630
  7.3
  6
  0.12
  Vehicles in this category are tested at their adjusted loaded vehicle weight
  ULEV570 ⁵, ⁶
  0.570
  7.3
  6
  0.06
  ULEV400
  0.400
  7.3
  6
  0.06
  ULEV270
  0.270
  4.2
  6
  0.06
  SULEV230
  0.230
  4.2
  6
  0.06
  SULEV200
  0.200
  3.7
  6
  0.06
  1 These standards shall apply only to vehicles not included in the phase-in of the particulate standards set forth in subsection (a)(2).
  2 The numeric portion of the category name is the NMOG+NOx value in thousandths of grams per mile.
  3 These standards apply at both low altitude and high altitude except as noted in footnote 4.
  4 The LEV III NMOG+NOx 150,000-mile exhaust mass emission standards for passenger cars and light-duty trucks that apply at high-altitude conditions are: 0.160 g/mi for LEV160 and ULEV125; 0.105 g/mi for ULEV70; 0.070 g/mi for ULEV50; and 0.050 g/mi for SULEV30 and SULEV20.
  5 These vehicle emission categories are only applicable for the 2015 through 2021 model years.
  6 The following NOx standards also apply for certification testing with emission-data vehicles: 0.2 g/mi for LEV395 and ULEV340; 0.4 g/mi for LEV630 and ULEV570.
2. (2) “LEV III” Particulate Standards.
  1. (A) Particulate Standards for Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Passenger Vehicles. Beginning in the 2017 model year, a manufacturer, except a small volume manufacturer, shall certify a percentage of its passenger car, light-duty truck, and medium-duty passenger vehicle fleet to the following particulate standards according to the following phase-in schedule. These standards are the maximum particulate emissions allowed at full useful life. All vehicles certifying to these particulate standards must certify to the LEV III exhaust emission standards set forth in subsection (a)(1).
    LEV III Particulate Emission Standard Values and Phase-in for Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium- Duty Passenger Vehicles
    Model Year
    % of vehicles certified to a 3 mg/mi standard
    % of vehicles certified to a 1 mg/mi standard
    2017
    10
    0
    2018
    20
    0
    2019
    40
    0
    2020
    70
    0
    2021
    100
    0
    2022
    100
    0
    2023
    100
    0
    2024
    100
    0
    2025
    75
    25
    2026
    50
    50
    2027
    25
    75
    2028 and subsequent
    0
    100
  2. (B) Particulate Standards for Medium-Duty Vehicles Other than Medium-Duty Passenger Vehicles.
    1. 1. Beginning in the 2017 model year, a manufacturer, except a small volume manufacturer, shall certify a percentage of its medium-duty vehicle fleet to the following particulate standards. These standards are the maximum particulate emissions allowed at full useful life. All vehicles certifying to these particulate standards must certify to the LEV III exhaust emission standards set forth in subsection (a)(1). This subsection (a)(2)(B)1 shall not apply to medium-duty passenger vehicles.
      LEV III Particulate Emission Standard Values for Medium-Duty Vehicles, Other than Medium-Duty Passenger Vehicles
      Vehicle Type ¹
      Particulates (mg/mi)
      MDVs 8501 -- 10,000 lbs. GVWR, excluding MDPVs
      8
      MDVs 10,001 -- 14,000 lbs. GVWR
      10
      1 Vehicles in these categories are tested at their adjusted loaded vehicle weight.
    2. 2. A manufacturer of medium-duty vehicles, except a small volume manufacturer, shall certify at least the following percentage of its medium-duty vehicle fleet to the particulate standards in subsection (a)(2)(B)1 according to the following phase-in schedule. This subsection (a)(2)(B)2 shall not apply to medium-duty passenger vehicles.
      LEV III Particulate Emission Standard Phase-in for Medium-Duty Vehicles, Other than Medium-Duty Passenger Vehicles
      Model Year
      Total % of MDVs certified to the 8 mg/mi PM Standard or to the 10 mg/mi PM Standard, as applicable
      2017
      10
      2018
      20
      2019
      40
      2020
      70
      2021 and subsequent
      100
  3. (C) Particulate Standards for Small Volume Manufacturers. In the 2021 through 2027 model years, a small volume manufacturer shall certify 100 percent of its passenger car, light-duty truck, and medium-duty passenger vehicle fleet to the 3 mg/mi particulate standard. In the 2028 and subsequent model years, a small volume manufacturer shall certify 100 percent of its passenger car, light-duty truck, and medium-duty passenger vehicle fleet to the 1 mg/mi particulate standard. In the 2021 and subsequent model years, a small volume manufacturer shall certify 100 percent of its medium-duty vehicles 8501 -- 10,000 lbs. GVWR, excluding MDPVs, to the 8 mg/mi particulate standard. In the 2021 and subsequent model years, a small volume manufacturer shall certify 100 percent of its medium-duty vehicles 10,001 -- 14,000 lbs. GVWR to the 10 mg/mi particulate standard. These standards are the maximum particulate emissions allowed at full useful life. All vehicles certifying to these particulate standards must certify to the LEV III exhaust emission standards set forth in subsection (a)(1).
  4. (D) Alternative Phase-in Schedule for Particulate Standards.
    1. 1. Alternative Phase-in Schedules for the 3 mg/mi Particulate Standard for Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Passenger Vehicles. A manufacturer may use an alternative phase-in schedule to comply with the 3 mg/mi particulate standard phase-in requirements as long as: (1) the percent of PC+LDT+MDPV vehicles meeting the 3 mg/mi particulate standard in the 2019 model year is greater than or equal to the highest percent of PC+LDT+MDPV vehicles meeting the 3 mg/mi particulate standard in the 2016, 2017, and 2018 model years individually; the percent of PC+LDT+MDPV vehicles meeting the 3 mg/mi particulate standard in the 2020 model year is greater than or equal to the highest percent of PC+LDT+MDPV vehicles meeting the 3 mg/mi particulate standard in the 2016, 2017, and 2018 model years individually; and (3) equivalent PM emission reductions are achieved by the 2021 model year from passenger cars, light-duty trucks, and medium-duty passenger vehicles. Model year emission reductions shall be calculated by multiplying the percent of PC+LDT+MDPV vehicles meeting the 3 mg/mi particulate standard in a given model year (based on a manufacturer's projected sales volume of vehicles in each category) by 5 for the 2017 model year, 4 for the 2018 model year, 3 for the 2019 model year, 2 for the 2020 model year, and 1 for the 2021 model year. The yearly results for PC+LDT+MDPV vehicles shall be summed together to determine a cumulative total for PC+LDT+MDPV vehicles. In the 2021 model year, the cumulative total must be equal to or greater than 490, and 100 percent of the manufacturer's passenger cars, light-duty trucks, and medium-duty passenger vehicles must be certified to the 3 mg/mi particulate standard, to be considered equivalent. A manufacturer may add vehicles introduced before the 2017 model year (e.g., the percent of vehicles introduced in 2016 would be multiplied by 5) to the cumulative total.
    2. 2. Alternative Phase-in Schedules for the 1 mg/mi Particulate Standard for Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Passenger Vehicles. A manufacturer may use an alternative phase-in schedule to comply with the 1 mg/mi particulate standard phase-in requirements as long as equivalent PM emission reductions are achieved by the 2028 model year from passenger cars, light-duty trucks, and medium- duty passenger vehicles. Model year emission reductions shall be calculated by multiplying the percent of PC+LDT+MDPV vehicles meeting the 1 mg/mi particulate standard in a given model year (based on a manufacturer's projected sales volume of vehicles in each category) by 4 for the 2025 model year, 3 for the 2026 model year, 2 for the 2027 model year, and 1 for the 2028 model year. The yearly results for PC+LDT+MDPV vehicles shall be summed together to determine a cumulative total for PC+LDT+MDPV vehicles. In the 2028 model year, the cumulative total must be equal to or greater than 500, and 100 percent of the manufacturer's passenger cars, light-duty trucks, and medium-duty passenger vehicles must be certified to the 1 mg/mi particulate standard to be considered equivalent. A manufacturer may add vehicles introduced before the 2025 model year (e.g., the percent of vehicles introduced in 2024 would be multiplied by 4) to the cumulative total.
    3. 3. Alternative Phase-in Schedules for the Particulate Standards for Medium-Duty Vehicles Other than Medium-Duty Passenger Vehicles. A manufacturer may use an alternative phase-in schedule to comply with the particulate standard phase-in requirements as long as equivalent PM emission reductions are achieved by the 2021 model year from medium-duty vehicles other than medium-duty passenger vehicles. Model year emission reductions shall be calculated by multiplying the total percent of MDVs certified to the 8 mg/mi PM standard or to the 10 mg/mi PM standard, as applicable, in a given model year (based on a manufacturer's projected sales volume of vehicles in each category) by 5 for the 2017 model year, 4 for the 2018 model year, 3 for the 2019 model year, 2 for the 2020 model year, and 1 for the 2021 model year. The yearly results for MDVs shall be summed together to determine a cumulative total for MDVs. In the 2021 model year, the cumulative total must be equal to or greater than 490, and 100 percent of the manufacturer's MDVs must be certified to the 8 mg/mi PM standard or to the 10 mg/mi PM standard, as applicable, to be considered equivalent. A manufacturer may add vehicles introduced before the 2017 model year (e.g., the percent of vehicles introduced in 2016 would be multiplied by 5) to the cumulative total.
3. (3) NMOG+NOx Standards for Bi-Fuel, Fuel-Flexible, and Dual-Fuel Vehicles. For fuel-flexible, bi-fuel, and dual-fuel PCs, LDTs and MDVs, compliance with the NMOG+NOx exhaust mass emission standards must be based on exhaust emission tests both when the vehicle is operated on the gaseous or alcohol fuel it is designed to use, and when the vehicle is operated on gasoline. A manufacturer must demonstrate compliance with the applicable exhaust mass emission standards for NMOG+NOx, CO, and formaldehyde set forth in the table in subsection (a)(1) when certifying the vehicle for operation on the gaseous or alcohol fuel, as applicable, and on gasoline or diesel, as applicable.
  A manufacturer may measure NMHC in lieu of NMOG when fuel-flexible, bi-fuel and dual-fuel vehicles are operated on gasoline, in accordance with the “California 2015 and Subsequent Model Criteria Pollutant Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures and 2017 and Subsequent Model Greenhouse Gas Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Vehicles.” Testing at 50°F is not required for fuel-flexible, bi-fuel, and dual-fuel vehicles when operating on gasoline.
4. (4) 50°F Exhaust Emission Standards. All passenger cars, light-duty trucks, and medium-duty vehicles, other than natural gas and diesel-fueled vehicles, must demonstrate compliance with the following 4,000-mile exhaust emission standards for NMOG+NOx and formaldehyde (HCHO) measured on the FTP (40 CFR, Part 86, Subpart B) conducted at a nominal test temperature of 50°F, as modified by Part II, Section D of the “California 2015 and Subsequent Model Criteria Pollutant Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures and 2017 and Subsequent Model Greenhouse Gas Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Vehicles.” A manufacturer may demonstrate compliance with the NMOG+NOx and HCHO certification standards contained in this subparagraph by measuring NMHC exhaust emissions or issuing a statement of compliance for HCHO in accordance with Section D.10 and Section G.3.1.2, respectively, of the “California 2015 and Subsequent Model Criteria Pollutant Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures and 2017 and Subsequent Model Greenhouse Gas Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Vehicles.” Emissions of CO measured at 50°F at 4,000 miles shall not exceed the standards set forth in subsection (a)(1) applicable to vehicles of the same emission category and vehicle type subject to a cold soak and emission test at 68° to 86° F.
  1. (A) Standards for Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Passenger Vehicles Certified to the LEV III Standards.
    50°F Exhaust Emission Standards for LEV III Passenger Cars, Light- Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Passenger Vehicles
    Vehicle Emission Category
    NMOG + NOx (g/mi)
    HCHO (g/mi)
    Gasoline
    Alcohol Fuel
    Both Gasoline and Alcohol Fuel
    LEV160
    0.320
    0.320
    0.030
    ULEV125
    0.250
    0.250
    0.016
    ULEV70
    0.140
    0.250
    0.016
    ULEV50
    0.100
    0.140
    0.016
    SULEV30
    0.060
    0.125
    0.008
    SULEV20
    0.040
    0.075
    0.008
  2. (B) Standards for Medium-Duty Vehicles (Excluding MDPVs) Certified to the LEV III Standards.
    50°F Exhaust Emission Standards for LEV III Medium-Duty Vehicles (Excluding MDPVs)
    Vehicle Emission Category
    NMOG + NOx (g/mi)
    HCHO (g/mi)
    Gasoline
    Alcohol Fuel
    Both Gasoline and Alcohol Fuel
    LEV395
    0.790
    0.790
    0.064
    ULEV340
    0.680
    0.680
    0.032
    ULEV250
    0.500
    0.500
    0.032
    ULEV200
    0.400
    0.500
    0.016
    SULEV170
    0.340
    0.425
    0.016
    SULEV150
    0.300
    0.375
    0.016
    LEV630
    1.260
    1.260
    0.080
    ULEV570
    1.140
    1.140
    0.042
    ULEV400
    0.800
    0.800
    0.042
    ULEV270
    0.540
    0.675
    0.020
    SULEV230
    0.460
    0.575
    0.020
    SULEV200
    0.400
    0.500
    0.020
5. (5) Cold CO Standard. The following standards are the 50,000 mile cold temperature exhaust carbon monoxide emission levels from new 2015 and subsequent model-year passenger cars, light-duty trucks, and medium-duty passenger vehicles:
  2015 AND SUBSEQUENT MODEL-YEAR COLD TEMPERATURE CARBON MONOXIDE EXHAUST EMISSIONS STANDARDS FOR PASSENGER CARS, LIGHT-DUTY TRUCKS, AND MEDIUM-DUTY PASSENGER VEHICLES
  (grams per mile)
  Vehicle Type
  Carbon Monoxide
  All PCs, LDTs 0-3750 lbs. LVW;
  10.0
  LDTs, 3751 lbs. LVW -- 8500 lbs. GVWR; MDPVs 10000 lbs. GVWR and less
  12.5
  These standards apply to vehicles tested at a nominal temperature of 20°F (-7°C) in accordance with 40 CFR Part 86 Subpart C, as amended by the “California 2015 and Subsequent Model Criteria Pollutant Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures and 2017 and Subsequent Model Greenhouse Gas Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Vehicles.” Natural gas, diesel-fueled and zero-emission vehicles are exempt from these standards.
6. (6) Highway NMOG + NOx Standard. The maximum emissions of non-methane organic gas plus oxides of nitrogen measured on the federal Highway Fuel Economy Test (HWFET; 40 CFR Part 600 Subpart B or 40 CFR § 1066.840), as modified by the “California 2015 and Subsequent Model Criteria Pollutant Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures and 2017 and Subsequent Model Greenhouse Gas Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Vehicles,” must not be greater than the applicable LEV III NMOG+NOx standard set forth in subsection (a)(1). Both the sum of the NMOG+NOx emissions and the HWFET standard must be rounded in accordance with ASTM E29-67 to the nearest 0.001 g/mi before being compared.
7. (7) Supplemental Federal Test Procedure (SFTP) Off-Cycle Emission Standards.
  1. (A) SFTP NMOG+NOx and CO Exhaust Emission Standards for Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Passenger Vehicles. Manufacturers shall certify 2015 and subsequent model year LEVs, ULEVs, and SULEVs in the PC, LDT, and MDPV classes to either the SFTP NMOG+NOx and CO Stand-Alone Exhaust Emission Standards set forth in subsection (a)(7)(A)1, or in accordance with the SFTP NMOG+NOx and CO Composite Exhaust Emission Standards and Fleet-Average Requirements set forth in subsection (a)(7)(A)2. A manufacturer may also certify 2014 model LEVs, ULEVs, or SULEVs in the PC, LDT, or MDPV classes to LEV III SFTP standards, in which case, the manufacturer shall be subject to the LEV III SFTP emission standards and requirements, including the sales-weighted fleet- average NMOG+NOx composite emission standard applicable to 2015 model vehicles if choosing to comply with the SFTP NMOG+NOx and CO Composite Exhaust Emission Standards and Fleet-Average Requirements set forth in subsection (a)(7)(A)2. The manufacturer shall notify the Executive Officer of its selected emission standard type in the Application for Certification of the first test group certifying to SFTP NMOG+NOx and CO emission standards on a 150,000 mile durability basis. Once an emission standard type for NMOG+NOx and CO is selected for a fleet, and the Executive Officer is notified of such selection, the selection must be kept through the 2025 model year for the entire fleet, which includes LEV II vehicles if selecting to comply with subsection (a)(7)(A)2. The manufacturer may not change its selection until the 2026 model year. Test groups not certifying to the 150,000-mile SFTP NMOG+NOx and CO emission standards pursuant to this subsection (a)(7)(A) shall be subject to the 4,000-mile SFTP NMOG+NOx and CO emission standards set forth in subsection 1960.1(r).
    1. 1. SFTP NMOG+NOx and CO Exhaust Stand-Alone Emission Standards. The following standards are the maximum SFTP NMOG+NOx and CO exhaust emissions through full useful life from 2015 and subsequent model-year LEV III LEVs, ULEVs, and SULEVs when operating on the same gaseous or liquid fuel they use for FTP certification. These standards only apply to 2015 through 2016 model year fuel-flexible vehicles ≤ 6,000 lbs. GVWR and 2015 through 2017 model year fuel-flexible vehicles > 6,000 lbs. GVWR when operating on the LEV III certification gasoline specified in Part II, Section A.100.3.1.2 of the “California 2015 and Subsequent Model Criteria Pollutant Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures and 2017 and Subsequent Model Greenhouse Gas Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Vehicles.” 2017 and subsequent model year multi-fueled vehicles (including bi-fueled, dual-fueled and fuel-flexible vehicles) ≤ 6,000 lbs. GVWR as well as 2018 and subsequent model year multi-fueled vehicles > 6,000 lbs. GVWR, including vehicles certifying with carryover data, shall comply with all requirements established for each consumed fuel (or blend of fuels in the case of fuel-flexible vehicles).
      SFTP NMOG+NOx and CO Stand-Alone Exhaust Emission Standards for 2015 and Subsequent Model LEV III Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Passenger Vehicles
      Vehicle Type
      Durability Vehicle Basis (mi)
      Vehicle Emission Category ¹
      US06 Test (g/mi)
      SC03 Test
      NMOG + NOx
      CO
      NMOG + NOx
      CO
      All PCs; LDTs 0-8,500 lbs. GVWR; and MDPVs
      150,000
      LEV
      0.140
      9.6
      0.100
      3.2
      Vehicles in these categories are tested at their loaded weight plus 300 pounds).
      ULEV
      0.120
      9.6
      0.070
      3.2
      SULEV (Option A) ²
      0.060
      9.6
      0.020
      3.2
      SULEV
      0.050
      9.6
      0.020
      3.2
      LEV emission standards in this table, all LEV III ULEVs certified to 150,000-mile FTP emission standards shall comply with the SFTP ULEV emission standards in this table, and all LEV III SULEVs certified to 150,000-mile FTP emission standards shall comply with the SFTP SULEV emission standards in this table.
      1 Vehicle Emission Category. Manufacturers must certify all vehicles, which are certifying to a LEV III FTP emission category on a 150,000-mile durability basis, to the emission standards of the equivalent, or a more stringent, SFTP emission category set forth on this table. That is, all LEV III LEVs certified to 150,000-mile FTP emission standards shall comply with the SFTP
      2 Optional SFTP SULEV Standards. A manufacturer may certify light-duty truck test groups from 6,001 to 8,500 lbs. GVWR and MDPV test groups to the SULEV, option A, emission standards set forth in this table for the 2015 through 2020 model year, only if the vehicles in the test group are equipped with a particulate filter and the manufacturer extends the particulate filter emission warranty mileage to 200,000 miles. Passenger cars and light-duty trucks 0-6,000 lbs. GVWR are not eligible for this option.
    2. 2. SFTP NMOG+NOx and CO Composite Exhaust Emission Standards. For the 2015 and subsequent model years, a manufacturer selecting this option must certify LEV II and LEV III LEVs, ULEVs, and SULEVs, such that the manufacturer's sales-weighted fleet-average NMOG+NOx composite emission value does not exceed the applicable NMOG+NOx composite emission standard set forth in the following table. In addition, the CO composite emission value of any LEV III test group shall not exceed the CO composite emission standard set forth in the following table. SFTP compliance shall be demonstrated using the same gaseous or liquid fuel used for FTP certification. These standards only apply to 2015 through 2016 model year fuel-flexible vehicles ≤ 6,000 lbs. GVWR and 2015 through 2017 model year fuel-flexible vehicles > 6,000 lbs. GVWR when operating on the LEV III certification gasoline specified in Part II, Section A.100.3.1.2 of the “California 2015 and Subsequent Model Criteria Pollutant Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures and 2017 and Subsequent Model Greenhouse Gas Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Vehicles.” 2017 and subsequent model year multi-fueled vehicles (including bi-fueled, dual-fueled and fuel-flexible vehicles) ≤ 6,000 lbs. GVWR as well as 2018 and subsequent model year multi- fueled vehicles > 6,000 lbs. GVWR, including vehicles certifying with carryover data, shall comply with all requirements established for each consumed fuel (or blend of fuels in the case of fuel-flexible vehicles).
      For each test group subject to this subsection, manufacturers shall calculate a Composite Emission Value for NMOG+NOx and, for LEV III test groups, a separate Composite Emission Value for CO, using the following equation:
      Composite Emission Value = 0.28 x US06 + 0.37 x SC03 + 0.35 x FTP [Eq. 1]
      where “US06” = the test group's NMOG+NOx or CO emission value, as applicable, determined through the US06 test;
      “SC03” = the test group's NMOG+NOx or CO emission value, as applicable, determined through the SC03 test; and
      “FTP” = the test group's NMOG+NOx or CO emission value, as applicable, determined through the FTP test.
      If no vehicles in a test group have air conditioning units, the FTP cycle emission value can be used in place of the SC03 cycle emission value in Equation 1. To determine compliance with the SFTP NMOG+NOx composite emission standard applicable to the model year, manufacturers shall use a sales-weighted fleet average of the NMOG+NOx composite emission values of every applicable test group. The sales-weighted fleet average shall be calculated using a combination of carry-over and new certification SFTP composite emission values (converted to NMOG+NOx, as applicable). LEV II test groups will use their emission values in the fleet average calculation but will not be considered LEV III test groups. Compliance with the CO composite emission standard cannot be demonstrated through fleet averaging. The NMOG+NOx sales-weighted fleet-average composite emission value for the fleet and the CO composite emission value for each test group shall not exceed:
      SFTP NMOG+NOx and CO Composite Emission Standards for 2015 and Subsequent Model Passenger Cars,
      Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Passenger Vehicles (g/mi) ¹
      Model Year
      2015
      2016
      2017
      2018
      2019
      2020
      2021
      2022
      2023
      2024
      2025+
      All PCs; LDTs 8,500 lbs. GVWR or less; and MDPVs ³
      Sales-Weighted Fleet Average NMOG+NOx Composite Exhaust Emission Standards ², ⁴, ⁵, ⁶
      Vehicles in this category are tested at their loaded vehicle weight (curb weight plus 300 pounds) except LEV II vehicles, which are subject to the test weights specified in § 1960.1(r), title 13, CCR.
      0.140
      0.110
      0.103
      0.097
      0.090
      0.083
      0.077
      0.070
      0.063
      0.057
      0.050
      CO Composite Exhaust Emission Standard ⁷
      4.2
      1 Mileage for Compliance. All test groups certifying to LEV III FTP emission standards on a 150,000-mile durability basis shall also certify to the SFTP on a 150,000-mile durability basis, as tested in accordance with the “California 2015 and Subsequent Model Criteria Pollutant Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures and 2017 and Subsequent Model Greenhouse Gas Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium- Duty Vehicles.”
      2 Determining NMOG+NOx Composite Emission Values of LEV II Test Groups and Cleaner Federal Vehicles. For test groups certified to LEV II FTP emission standards, SFTP emission values shall be converted to NMOG+NOx and projected out to the same full useful life mileage as their LEV II FTP certification, 120,000 miles or 150,000 miles using deterioration factors or aged components. In lieu of deriving a deterioration factor specific to SFTP test cycles, carry-over LEV II test groups may use the applicable deterioration factor from the FTP cycle in order to determine the carry-over composite emission values for the purpose of the NMOG+NOx sales-weighted fleet-average calculation. If an SFTP full-useful life emission value is used to comply with the LEV II SFTP 4k standards, that value may be used in the sales-weighted fleet- average without applying an additional deterioration factor. For federally-certified test groups certifying in California in accordance with Section H.1.4 of the “California 2015 and Subsequent Model Criteria Pollutant Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures and 2017 and Subsequent Model Greenhouse Gas Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Vehicles,” the full-useful life emission value used to comply with federal full-useful life SFTP requirements may be used in the sales-weighted fleet-average without applying an additional deterioration factor. For gasoline-fueled vehicles, NMHC emission values for the US06 and SC03 test cycles shall be converted to NMOG emission values by multiplying by a factor of 1.03. LEV II test groups that contain vehicles at or below 6,000 lbs. GVWR shall certify to SFTP bins as described in footnote 4 at the same full useful life mileage as their LEV II FTP certification starting model year 2017 and in each subsequent model year, thereafter. LEV II test groups that only contain vehicles above 6,000 lbs. GVWR shall certify to SFTP bins as described in footnote 4 at the same full useful life mileage as their LEV II FTP certification starting model year 2018 and in each subsequent model year, thereafter. Test groups certifying to bins shall be subject to the in-use requirements in section (a)(8)(c).
      3 MDPVs are excluded from SFTP NMOG+NOx and CO emission standards and the sales-weighted fleet average until they are certified to LEV III FTP 150,000-mile NMOG+NOx and CO requirements.
      4 LEV III test groups shall certify to bins in increments of 0.010 g/mi. Beginning with the 2018 model year, vehicles may not certify to bin values above a maximum of 0.180 g/mi.
      5 Calculating the sales-weighted average for NMOG+NOx. For each model year, the manufacturer shall calculate and report to the Executive Officer, its sales-weighted fleet-average NMOG+NOx composite emission value as follows.
      where “n” = a manufacturer's total number of PC, LDT, and, if applicable, MDPV certification bins, in a given model year including carry-over certification bins, certifying to SFTP composite emission standards in that model year;
      “number of vehicles in the test group” = the number of vehicles produced and delivered for sale in California in the certification test group; and
      “Composite Value of Bin” = the numerical value selected by the manufacturer for the certification bin that serves as the emission standard for the vehicles in the test group with respect to all testing for test groups certifying to SFTP on a 150,000-mile durability basis, and the SFTP carry-over composite emission value, as described in footnote 2 of this table, for carry-over LEV II test groups. For each test group, the manufacturer shall report to the Executive Officer the composite value of bin and the number of vehicles within the test group.
      ⁶ Calculation of Fleet Average Total NMOG+NOx Credits or Debits. A manufacturer shall calculate the total NMOG+NOx credits or debits, as follows:
      [(NMOG+NOx Composite Emission Standard) -- (Manufacturer's Sales-Weighted Fleet-Average Composite Emission Value)]
      x (Total Number of Vehicles Produced and Delivered for Sale in California in the 0-8,500 lbs GVWR plus MDPVs classes, if applicable) [Eq. 3]
      A negative number constitutes total NMOG+NOx debits, and a positive number constitutes total NMOG+NOx credits accrued by the manufacturer for the given model year. Total NMOG+NOx credits earned in a given model year retain full value through the fifth model year after they are earned. At the beginning of the sixth model year, the total NMOG+NOx credits have no value. A manufacturer may trade credits with other manufacturers
      A manufacturer shall equalize total NMOG+NOx debits within three model years after they have been incurred by earning NMOG+NOx credits in an amount equal to the total NMOG+NOx debits. If total NMOG+NOx debits are not equalized within the three model-year period, the manufacturer is subject to the Health and Safety Code section 43211 civil penalty applicable to a manufacturer which sells a new motor vehicle that does not meet the applicable emission standards adopted by the state board. The cause of action shall be deemed to accrue when the total NMOG+NOx debits are not equalized by the end of the specified time period. For the purposes of Health and Safety Code section 43211, the number of vehicles not meeting the state board's emission standards is determined by dividing the NMOG+NOx debits for the model year by the NMOG+NOx composite emission standard in effect during the model year in which the debits were incurred.
      ⁷ Calculating the CO composite emission value. Composite emission values for CO shall be calculated in accordance with Equation 1 above. Unlike the NMOG+NOx composite emission standards, manufacturers may not comply with the CO composite emission standard through fleet averaging; each individual test group must comply with the standard. Test groups certified to 4,000-mile SFTP emission standards and federally-certified test groups certifying in California in accordance with Section H subparagraph 1.4 of “California 2015 and Subsequent Model Criteria Pollutant Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures and 2017 and Subsequent Model Greenhouse Gas Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Vehicles” are not subject to this CO emission standard.
  2. (B) SFTP PM Exhaust Emission Standards for Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Passenger Vehicles. The following standards are the maximum PM exhaust emissions through the full useful life from 2017 and subsequent model-year LEV III LEVs, ULEVs, and SULEVs in the PC, LDT, and MDPV classes when operating on the same gaseous or liquid fuel they use for FTP certification. In the case of fuel-flexible vehicles ≤ 6,000 lbs. GVWR certified to LEV III FTP standards prior to model year 2017 and fuel-flexible vehicles > 6,000 lbs. GVWR certified to LEV III FTP standards prior to model year 2018, these standards only apply when the vehicles is operating on the LEV III certification gasoline specified in Part II, Section A.100.3.1.2 of the “California 2015 and Subsequent Model Criteria Pollutant Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures and 2017 and Subsequent Model Greenhouse Gas Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Vehicles.” 2017 and subsequent model year multi-fueled vehicles (including bi- fueled, dual-fueled and fuel-flexible vehicles) ≤ 6,000 lbs. GVWR and 2018 and subsequent model year multi-fueled vehicles > 6,000 lbs. GVWR, including vehicles certifying with carryover data, shall comply with all requirements established for each consumed fuel (or blend of fuels in the case of fuel-flexible vehicles). Manufacturers must certify LEVs, ULEVs, and SULEVs in the PC, LDT, and MDPV classes, which are certifying to LEV III FTP PM emission standards in subsection (a)(2) on a 150,000-mile durability basis, to the SFTP PM Exhaust Emission Standards set forth in this subsection (a)(7)(B).
    SFTP PM Exhaust Emission Standards for 2017 and Subsequent Model LEV III Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Passenger Vehicles ¹
    Vehicle Type
    Test Weight
    Mileage for Compliance
    Test Cycle
    PM ² (mg/mi)
    2018 and Prior Model Years
    2019 and Subsequent Model Years
    All PCs and LDTs through 8,500 lbs GVWR; MDPVs
    Loaded vehicle weight
    150,000
    US06
    10
    6
    1 All PCs, LDTs, and MDPVs certified to LEV III FTP PM emission standards in subsection (a)(2) on a 150,000- mile durability basis shall comply with the SFTP PM Exhaust Emission Standards in this table.
    2 Relaxed Interim Certification Standard. Manufacturers shall certify 2018 and prior model test groups to a relaxed interim US06 PM certification standard of 10 mg/mi. However, all 2019 and subsequent model vehicles certifying to the LEV III FTP PM standard, including those from carryover test groups, shall be subject to the 6 mg/mi US06 PM standard.
  3. (C) SFTP NMOG+NOx and CO Exhaust Emission Standards for Medium-Duty Vehicles. The following standards are the maximum NMOG+NOx and CO composite emission values for full useful life of 2016 and subsequent model-year medium-duty LEV III ULEVs and SULEVs from 8,501 through 14,000 pounds GVWR when operating on the same gaseous or liquid fuel they use for FTP certification. In the case of flex-fueled vehicles certified to LEV III FTP standards prior to model year 2018, SFTP compliance shall be demonstrated using the LEV III certification gasoline specified in Part II, Section A.100.3.1.2 of the “California 2015 and Subsequent Model Criteria Pollutant Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures and 2017 and Subsequent Model Greenhouse Gas Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Vehicles.” 2018 and subsequent model year multi-fueled vehicles (including bi-fueled, dual-fueled and fuel-flexible vehicles), including vehicles certifying with carryover data, shall comply with all requirements established for each consumed fuel (or blend of fuels in the case of fuel-flexible vehicles). The following composite emission standards do not apply to MDPVs subject to the emission standards presented in subsections (a)(7)(A) and (a)(7)(B).
    SFTP NMOG+NOx and CO Composite Exhaust Emission
    Standards for 2016 and Subsequent Model ULEVs and SULEVs in the Medium-Duty Vehicle Class
    Vehicle
    Mileage for
    HP/GVWR ²
    Test
    Vehicle Emission
    Composite Emission
    Type
    Compliance
    Cycle ³, ⁴, ⁵
    Category ⁶
    Standard ¹ (g/mi)
    NMOG + NOx
    Carbon Monoxide
    MDVs 8,501 -- 10,000 lbs GVWR
    150,000
    ≤ 0.024
    US06 Bag 2, SC03, FTP
    ULEV
    0.550
    22.0
    SULEV
    0.350
    12.0
    > 0.024
    Full US06, SC03, FTP
    ULEV
    0.800
    22.0
    SULEV
    0.450
    12.0
    MDVs 10,001-14,000 lbs GVWR
    150,000
    n/a
    Hot 1435 UC (Hot 1435 LA92), SC03, FTP
    ULEV
    0.550
    6.0
    SULEV
    0.350
    4.0
    1 Manufacturers shall use Equation 1 in subsection (a)(7)(A)2. to calculate SFTP Composite Emission Values for each test group subject to the emission standards in this table. For MDVs 10,001-14,000 lbs. GVWR, the emission results from the UC test shall be used in place of results from the US06 test.
    2 Power to Weight Ratio. If all vehicles in a test group have a power to weight ratio at or below a threshold of 0.024, they may opt to run the US06 Bag 2 in lieu of the full US06 cycle. The cutoff is determined by using a ratio of the engine's maximum rated horsepower, as established by the engine manufacturer in the vehicle's Application for Certification, to the vehicle's GVWR in pounds and does not include any horsepower contributed by electric motors in the case of hybrid electric or plug-in hybrid electric vehicles. Manufacturers may opt to test to the full cycle regardless of the calculated ratio; in such case, manufacturers shall meet the emission standards applicable to vehicles with power-to-weight ratios greater than 0.024.
    3 Test Weight. Medium-duty vehicles are tested at their adjusted loaded vehicle weight (average of curb weight and GVWR).
    4 Road Speed Fan. Manufacturers have the option to use a road speed modulated fan as specified in 40-CFR § 86.107 -- 96(d)(1) or § 1066.105, as applicable, instead of a fixed speed fan for MDV SFTP testing.
    5 If a manufacturer provides an engineering evaluation for a test group showing that SC03 emissions are equivalent to or lower than FTP emissions, the FTP emission value may be used in place of the SC03 emission value when determining the composite emission value for that test group.
    6 Vehicle Emission Categories. For MDVs 8,501-10,000 lbs. GVWR certified prior to the 2018 model year, for each model year, the percentage of MDVs certified to an SFTP emission category set forth in this section shall be equal to or greater than the total percentage certified to the FTP ULEV250, ULEV200, SULEV170, and SULEV150 emission categories; of these vehicles, the percentage of MDVs certified to an SFTP SULEV emission category shall be equal to or greater than the total percentage certified to both the FTP SULEV170 and SULEV150 emission categories. For MDVs 10,001-14,000 lbs. GVWR, for each model year, the percentage of MDVs certified to an SFTP emission category set forth in this section shall be equal to or greater than the total percentage certified to the FTP ULEV400, ULEV270, SULEV230, and SULEV200 emission categories; of these vehicles, the percentage of MDVs certified to an SFTP SULEV emission category shall be equal to or greater than the total percentage certified to both the FTP SULEV230 and SULEV200 emission categories. 2018 and subsequent model year MDVs 8,501-10,000 lbs. GVWR certifying to the FTP ULEV250 and ULEV200 emission categories, including vehicles certifying with carryover data, shall comply with the SFTP ULEV standards set forth in this subsection (a)(7)(C), and those certifying to FTP SULEV170 and SULEV150, including vehicles certifying with carryover data, shall comply with the SFTP SULEV standards set forth in this subsection (a)(7)(C). 2018 and subsequent model year MDVs 10,001-14,000 lbs. GVWR certifying to FTP ULEV400 and ULEV270 emission categories, including vehicles certifying with carryover data, shall comply with the SFTP ULEV standards set forth in this subsection (a)(7)(C), and those certifying to SULEV230 and SULEV200, including vehicles certifying with carryover data, shall comply with the SFTP SULEV standards set forth in this subsection (a)(7)(C).
  4. (D) SFTP PM Exhaust Emission Standards for Medium-Duty Vehicles. The following standards are the maximum PM composite emission values for the full useful life of 2017 and subsequent model-year LEV III LEVs, ULEVs, and SULEVs when operating on the same gaseous or liquid fuel they use for FTP certification. In the case of fuel-flexible vehicles certified to LEV III FTP standards prior to model year 2018, SFTP compliance shall be demonstrated using the LEV III certification gasoline specified in Part II, Section A.100.3.1.2 of the “California 2015 and Subsequent Model Criteria Pollutant Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures and 2017 and Subsequent Model Greenhouse Gas Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Vehicles.” 2018 and subsequent model year multi-fueled vehicles (including bi-fueled, dual-fueled and fuel-flexible vehicles), including vehicles certifying with carryover data, shall comply with all requirements established for each consumed fuel (or blend of fuels in the case of fuel-flexible vehicles). The following composite emission standards do not apply to MDPVs subject to the emission standards set forth in subsections (a)(7)(A) and (a)(7)(B).
    SFTP PM Exhaust Emission Standards for 2017 and Subsequent Model Medium-Duty Vehicles ¹
    Vehicle Type
    Test Weight
    Mileage for Compliance
    Hp/GVWR ²
    Test Cycle ³, ⁴, ⁵
    PM (mg/mi)
    MDVs 8,501-10,000 lbs GVWR
    Adjusted loaded vehicle weight
    150,000
    ≤ 0.024
    US06 Bag 2
    7
    >0.024
    US06
    10
    MDVs 10,001-14,000 lbs GVWR
    Adjusted loaded vehicle weight
    150,000
    n/a
    Hot 1435 UC (Hot 1435 LA92)
    7
    1 Except for MDPVs subject to the emission standards set forth in subsection (a)(7)(B), MDVs certified to 150,000-mile FTP PM emission standards in subsection (a)(2) shall comply with the SFTP PM Exhaust Emission Standards in this table.
    2 Power to Weight Ratio. If all vehicles in a test group have a power to weight ratio at or below a threshold of 0.024, they may opt to run the US06 Bag 2 in lieu of the full US06 cycle. The cutoff is determined by using a ratio of the engine's horsepower to the vehicle's GVWR in pounds and does not include any horsepower contributed by electric motors in the case of hybrid electric or plug-in hybrid electric vehicles. Manufacturers may opt to test to the full cycle regardless of the calculated ratio; in such case, manufacturers shall meet the emission standards applicable to vehicles with power-to-weight ratios greater than 0.024.
    3 Road Speed Fan. Manufacturers have the option to use a road speed modulated fan as specified in 40-CFR § 86.107 -- 96(d)(1) or § 1066.105, as applicable, instead of a fixed speed fan for MDV SFTP testing.
    4 Manufacturers shall use Equation 1 above to calculate SFTP Composite PM Emission Values for each test group subject to the emission standards in this table. For MDVs 8,501-10,000 lbs. GVWR certifying to the US06 Bag 2 PM emission standard, the emission results from the US06 Bag 2 test shall be used in place of results from the full US06 test. For MDVs 10,001-14,000 lbs. GVWR, the emission results from the UC test shall be used in place of results from the US06 test.
    5 If a manufacturer provides an engineering evaluation for a test group demonstrating that SC03 PM emissions are equivalent to or lower than FTP PM emissions, the FTP PM emission value may be used in lieu of the SC03 PM emission value when determining the composite emission value for that test group.
8. (8) Interim In-Use Compliance Standards.
  1. (A) LEV III NMOG+NOx Interim In-Use Compliance Standards. The following interim in-use compliance standards shall apply for the first two model years that a test group is certified to LEV III standards that are more stringent than the standards to which the test group was certified in a prior model year.
    1. 1. NMOG+NOx Interim In-Use Compliance Standards for Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Passenger Vehicles. For the 2015 through 2019 model years, these standards shall apply.
      Emission Category
      Durability Vehicle Basis (miles)
      LEV III PCs, LDTs, and MDPVs
      NMOG + NOx (g/mi)
      LEV160
      150,000
      n/a
      ULEV125
      150,000
      n/a
      ULEV70
      150,000
      0.098
      ULEV50
      150,000
      0.070
      SULEV30
      150,000
      0.042 ¹
      SULEV20
      150,000
      0.028 ¹
      1 not applicable to test groups that receive PZEV credits
    2. 2. NMOG+NOx Interim In-Use Compliance Standards for Medium-Duty Vehicles, Excluding Medium-Duty Passenger Vehicles. For the 2015 through 2020 model years, these standards shall apply.
      Emission Category
      Durability Vehicle Basis (miles)
      LEV III MDVs (excluding MDPVs) 8,501 -- 10,000 lbs. GVW
      LEV III MDVs 10,001 -- 14,000 lbs. GVW
      NMOG + NOx (g/mi)
      NMOG + NOx (g/mi)
      LEV395
      150,000
      n/a
      n/a
      ULEV340
      150,000
      n/a
      n/a
      ULEV250
      150,000
      0.370
      n/a
      ULEV200
      150,000
      0.300
      n/a
      SULEV170
      150,000
      0.250
      n/a
      SULEV150
      150,000
      0.220
      n/a
      LEV630
      150,000
      n/a
      n/a
      ULEV570
      150,000
      n/a
      n/a
      ULEV400
      150,000
      n/a
      0.600
      ULEV270
      150,000
      n/a
      0.400
      SULEV230
      150,000
      n/a
      0.340
      SULEV200
      150,000
      n/a
      0.300
  2. (B) LEV III Particulate Interim In-Use Compliance Standards. The following interim in-use compliance standards shall apply for the first two model years that a test group is certified to the LEV III standards.
    1. 1. LEV III Particulate Interim In-Use Compliance Standards for Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Passenger Vehicles. For the 2017 through 2020 model years, the interim in-use compliance standard for vehicles certifying to the 3 mg/mi particulate standard is 6 mg/mi. For the 2025 through 2028 model years, the interim in-use compliance standard for vehicles certifying to the 1 mg/mi particulate standard is 2 mg/mi.
    2. 2. LEV III Particulate Interim In-Use Compliance Standards for Medium- Duty Vehicles, excluding Medium-Duty Passenger Vehicles. For the 2017 through 2020 model years, the interim in-use compliance standard for vehicles certifying to the 8 mg/mi particulate standard shall be 16 mg/mi and the interim in-use compliance standard for vehicles certifying to the 10 mg/mi particulate standard shall be 20 mg/mi.
  3. (C) SFTP Interim In-Use Compliance Standards.
    1. 1. 2016 and prior model year light-duty and medium-duty passenger vehicle test groups that contain vehicles at or below 6,000 lbs. GVWR, 2017 and prior model year light-duty and medium-duty passenger vehicle test groups with only vehicles above 6,000 lbs. GVWR, and 2019 and prior model year medium-duty vehicle test groups may use an in-use compliance standard for NMOG+NOx for the first two model years that they are certified to LEV III NMOG+NOx standards or a LEV III SFTP NMOG+NOx bin.
      1. a. For light-duty vehicle test groups and medium-duty passenger vehicle test groups certifying to the standards in subsection (a)(7)(A)1, in-use compliance emission standards for NMOG+NOx shall be 1.4 times the applicable certification standard.
      2. b. For light-duty vehicle test groups and medium-duty passenger vehicle test groups certifying to the standards in subsection (a)(7)(A)2, in-use compliance emission standards for NMOG+NOx shall be 1.4 times the Composite Value of the bin to which a test group is certified.
      3. c. For medium-duty vehicle tests groups certifying to the standards in subsection (a)(7)(C), in-use compliance emission standards for NMOG+NOx shall be 1.4 times the applicable certification standard.
    2. 2. 2023 and prior model year light-duty and medium-duty passenger vehicle test groups that certify to a LEV III SFTP PM exhaust emission standard in subsection (a)(7)(B) may use an in-use compliance standard for SFTP PM regardless of the model year that the test groups first certified to the LEV III SFTP PM standard. 2022 and prior model year medium-duty vehicle test groups may use an in-use compliance standard for PM for the first two model years that they are certified to a LEV III SFTP PM exhaust emission standard in subsection (a)(7)(D).
      1. a. For light-duty vehicle test groups and medium-duty passenger vehicle test groups certifying to SFTP PM exhaust emission standards in subsection (a)(7)(B), in-use compliance emission standards for PM shall be 10 mg/mi.
      2. b. For medium-duty vehicle test groups certifying to SFTP PM Exhaust Emission Standards in subsection (a)(7)(D), in-use compliance emission standards for PM shall be 5.0 mg/mi higher than the applicable certification standard.
9. (9) Requirement to Generate Additional NMOG+NOx Fleet Average Credit. For a vehicle that is certified to the LEV III standards in subsection (a)(1), which does not generate a partial ZEV allocation according to the criteria set forth in section C.3 of the “California Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for 2009 through 2017 Model Zero-Emission Vehicles and Hybrid Electric Vehicles, in the Passenger Car, Light-Duty Truck and Medium-Duty Vehicle Classes” and the “California Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for 2018 and Subsequent Model Zero-Emission Vehicles and Hybrid Electric Vehicles, in the Passenger Car, Light-Duty Truck and Medium-Duty Vehicle Classes,” a manufacturer may subtract 5 mg/mi from the NMOG+NOx emission standards value set forth in subsection (b)(1)(B)1.c when calculating the manufacturer's fleet average, provided that the manufacturer extends the performance and defects warranty period to 15 years or 150,000 miles, whichever occurs first, except that the time period is to be 10 years for a zero emission energy storage device (such as battery, ultracapacitor, or other electric storage device).
10. (10) Requirement to Generate a Partial ZEV Allowance. For the 2015 through 2017 model years, a manufacturer that certifies to the LEV III SULEV30 or the LEV III SULEV20 standards may also generate a partial ZEV allocation according to the criteria set forth in section C.3 of the “California Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for 2009 through 2017 Model Zero-Emission Vehicles and Hybrid Electric Vehicles, in the Passenger Car, Light-Duty Truck and Medium-Duty Vehicle Classes.”
11. (11) NMOG Credit for Direct Ozone Reduction Technology. A manufacturer that certifies vehicles equipped with direct ozone reduction technologies shall be eligible to receive NMOG credits that can be applied to the NMOG exhaust emissions of the vehicle when determining compliance with the standard. In order to receive credit, the manufacturer must submit the following information for each vehicle model for which it gets credit, including, but not limited to:
  1. (A) a demonstration of the airflow rate through the direct ozone reduction device and the ozone-reducing efficiency of the device over the range of speeds encountered in the Unified Cycle Driving Schedule contained in Part II G. of the “California 2015 and Subsequent Model Criteria Pollutant Emission Standards and Test Procedures for and 2017 and Subsequent Model Greenhouse Gas Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for Passenger Cars, Light-Duty trucks and Medium-duty Vehicles”;
  2. (B) an evaluation of the durability of the device for the full useful life of the vehicle; and
  3. (C) a description of the on-board diagnostic strategy for monitoring the performance of the device in-use. Using the above information, the Executive Officer shall determine the value of the NMOG credit based on the calculated change in the one-hour peak ozone level using an approved airshed model. This credit can only be used for determining compliance with the exhaust standards in subsection (a)(1) or subsection 1961(a)(1), as applicable.
12. (12) When a Federally-Certified Vehicle Model is Required in California.
  1. (A) General Requirement. Whenever a manufacturer federally-certifies a 2015 or subsequent model-year passenger car, light-duty truck, or medium-duty vehicle model to the standards for a particular emissions bin that are more stringent than the standards for an applicable California emission category, the equivalent California model may only be certified to (i) the California standards for a vehicle emissions category that are at least as stringent as the standards for the corresponding federal emissions bin, or (ii) the exhaust emission standards to which the federal model is certified. However, where the federal exhaust emission standards for the particular emissions bin and the California standards for a vehicle emissions category are equally stringent, the California model may only be certified to either the California standards for that vehicle emissions category or more stringent California standards. The federal emission bins are those contained in Tables S04-1 and S04-2 of 40 CFR § 86.1811-04(c), as adopted February 10, 2000, and in Table 2 of 40 CFR § 86.1811.17(b), as adopted April 28, 2014. The criteria for applying this requirement are set forth in Part I. Section H.1 of the “California 2015 and Subsequent Model Criteria Pollutant Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures and 2017 and Subsequent Model Greenhouse Gas Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Vehicles.”
  2. (B) Exception for clean fuel fleet vehicles. Subsection (a)(12)(A) does not apply in the case of a federally-certified vehicle model that is only marketed to fleet operators for applications that are subject to clean fuel fleet requirements established pursuant to section 246 of the federal Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. sec. 7586). In addition, the Executive Officer shall exclude from the requirement a federally-certified vehicle model where the manufacturer demonstrates to the Executive Officer's reasonable satisfaction that the model will primarily be sold or leased to clean fuel fleet operators for such applications, and that other sales or leases of the model will be incidental to marketing to those clean fuel fleet operators.
13. (13) Emission Standard for a Fuel-Fired Heater. Whenever a manufacturer elects to utilize an on-board fuel-fired heater on any passenger car, light-duty truck or medium-duty vehicle, the fuel-fired heater must meet ULEV125 standards for passenger cars and light-duty trucks less than 8,500 pounds GVWR as set forth in subsection (a)(1). The exhaust emissions from the fuel-fired heater shall be determined in accordance with the “California Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for 2009 through 2017 Model Zero-Emission Vehicles and Hybrid Electric Vehicles, in the Passenger Car, Light-Duty Truck and Medium-Duty Vehicle Classes” or the “California Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for 2018 and Subsequent Model Zero-Emission Vehicles and Hybrid Electric Vehicles, in the Passenger Car, Light-Duty Truck and Medium-Duty Vehicle Classes,” as applicable. If the on-board fuel-fired heater is capable of operating at ambient temperatures above 40°F, the measured emission levels of the on-board fuel-fired heater shall be added to the emissions measured on the FTP (40 CFR, Part 86, Subpart B), as amended by the “California 2015 and Subsequent Model Criteria Pollutant Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures and 2017 and Subsequent Model Greenhouse Gas Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for Passenger Cars, Light- Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Vehicles” to determine compliance with the exhaust emission standards in subsection (a)(1).
(b) Emission Standards Phase-In Requirements for Manufacturers.
1. (1) Fleet Average NMOG + NOx Requirements for Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Passenger Vehicles.
  1. (A) The fleet average non-methane organic gas plus oxides of nitrogen exhaust mass emission values from the passenger cars, light-duty trucks, and medium-duty passenger vehicles that are produced and delivered for sale in California each model year by a manufacturer other than a small volume manufacturer shall not exceed:
    1. 1. A manufacturer that selects compliance Option 2 must provide to the Executive Officer separate values for the number of vehicles in each test group produced and delivered for sale in the District of Columbia and for each individual state within the average.
    2. 2. PZEV Anti-Backsliding Requirement. In the 2018 and subsequent model years, a manufacturer must produce and deliver for sale in California a minimum percentage of its passenger car and light-duty truck fleet that certifies to SULEV30 and SULEV20 standards. This minimum percentage must be equal to the average percentage of PZEVs produced and deliver for sale in California for that manufacturer for the 2015 through 2017 model year. A manufacturer may calculate this average percentage using the projected sales for these model years in lieu of actual sales. The percentage of a manufacturer's passenger car and light-duty truck fleet that certifies to SULEV30 and SULEV20 standards averaged across the applicable model year and the two previous model years shall be used to determine compliance with this requirement, beginning with the 2020 model year.
    FLEET AVERAGE NON-METHANE ORGANIC GAS PLUS OXIDES OF NITROGEN EXHAUST MASS EMISSION REQUIREMENTS FOR PASSENGER CARS, LIGHT-DUTY TRUCKS, AND MEDIUM-DUTY PASSENGER VEHICLES
    (150,000 mile Durability Vehicle Basis)
    Model Year
    Fleet Average NMOG + NOx (grams per mile)
    All PCs; LDTs 0-3750 lbs. LVW
    LDTs 3751 lbs. LVW -- 8500 lbs. GVWR; All MDPVs
    2014 ¹
    0.107
    0.128
    2015
    0.100
    0.119
    2016
    0.093
    0.110
    2017
    0.086
    0.101
    2018
    0.079
    0.092
    2019
    0.072
    0.083
    2020
    0.065
    0.074
    2021
    0.058
    0.065
    2022
    0.051
    0.056
    2023
    0.044
    0.047
    2024
    0.037
    0.038
    2025+
    0.030
    0.030
    1 For the 2014 model year, a manufacturer may comply with the fleet average NMOG+NOx values in this table in lieu of complying with the NMOG fleet average values in subsection 1961(a)(b)(1)(A). A manufacturer must either comply with the NMOG+NOx fleet average requirements for both its PC/LDT1 fleet and its LDT2/MDPV fleet or comply with the NMOG fleet average requirements for both its PC/LDT1 fleet and its LDT2 fleet. A manufacturer must calculate its fleet average NMOG+NOx values using the applicable full useful life standards.
  2. (B) Calculation of Fleet Average NMOG + NOx Value.
    1. 1. Basic Calculation.
      1. a. Each manufacturer's PC and LDT1 fleet average NMOG + NOx value for the total number of PCs and LDT1s produced and delivered for sale in California shall be calculated as follows:
        (Σ [Number of vehicles in a test group excluding off-vehicle charge capable hybrid electric vehicles x applicable emission standard] + Σ [Number of off-vehicle charge capable hybrid electric vehicles in a test group x HEV NMOG+NOx contribution factor]) / Total Number of PCs plus LDT1s Produced and Delivered for sale in California, Including ZEVs and HEVs
      2. b. Each manufacturer's LDT2 and MDPV fleet average NMOG+NOx value for the total number of LDT2s and MDPVs produced and delivered for sale in California shall be calculated as follows:
        (Σ [Number of vehicles in a test group excluding off-vehicle charge capable hybrid electric vehicles x applicable emission standard] + Σ [Number of off-vehicle charge capable hybrid electric vehicles in a test group x HEV NMOG factor]) / Total Number of LDT2s plus MDPVs Produced and Delivered for sale in California, Including ZEVs and HEVs
      3. c. The applicable emission standards to be used in the above equations are as follows:
        Model Year
        Emission Category
        Emission Standard Value ¹ (g/mi)
        All PCs; LDTs 0-3750 lbs. LVW
        LDTs 3751-5750 lbs. LVW; All MDPVs
        2015 and subsequent model year federally-certified vehicles
        All
        Sum of the full useful life NMOG and NOx Federal Emission Standards to which Vehicle is Certified
        Sum of the full useful life NMOG and NOx Federal Emission Standards to which Vehicle is Certified
        Model Year
        Emission Category
        All PCs; LDTs 0-3750 lbs. LVW
        LDTs 3751 lbs. LVW -- 8500 lbs. GVWR;
        2015 through 2019 model year vehicles certified to the “LEV II” standards in subsection 1961(a)(1);
        LEV II LEVs; LEV160s
        0.160
        0.160
        2015 and subsequent model year vehicles certified to the “LEV III” standards in subsection 1961.2(a)(1)
        LEV II ULEVs; LEV125s
        0.125
        0.125
        ULEV70s
        0.070
        0.070
        ULEV50s
        0.050
        0.050
        LEV II SULEVs; SULEV30s
        0.030
        0.030
        SULEV20s
        0.020
        0.020
        LEV II LEVs; LEV395s
        n/a
        0.395
        LEV II ULEVs
        n/a
        0.343
        ULEV340s
        n/a
        0.340
        ULEV250s
        n/a
        0.250
        ULEV200s
        n/a
        0.200
        SULEV170s
        n/a
        0.170
        SULEV150s
        n/a
        0.150
        1 For LEV III vehicle test groups that meet the extended emission warranty requirements in subsection (a)(9), the applicable emission standard value shall be the emission standard value set forth in this table minus 5 mg/mi.
    2. 2. NMOG+NOx Contribution Factor for Off-vehicle Charge Capable HEVs. The HEV NMOG+NOx contribution factor for light-duty off-vehicle charge capable hybrid electric vehicles is calculated as follows. For the purpose of applying this formula to light- duty off-vehicle charge capable hybrid electric vehicles that are certified to the LEV II standards set forth in subsection 1961(a)(1), a LEV II LEV shall use the formula for LEV160, a LEV II ULEV shall use the formula for ULEV125, and a LEV II SULEV shall use the formula for SULEV30.
      LEV160 HEV Contribution Factor = 0.160 -- [(Zero-emission VMT Allowance) x 0.035]
      ULEV125 HEV Contribution Factor = 0.125 -- [(Zero-emission VMT Allowance) x 0.055]
      ULEV70 HEV Contribution Factor = 0.070 -- [(Zero-emission VMT Allowance) x 0.020]
      ULEV50 HEV Contribution Factor = 0.050 -- [(Zero-emission VMT Allowance) x 0.020]
      SULEV30 HEV Contribution Factor = 0.030 -- [(Zero-emission VMT Allowance) x 0.010]
      SULEV20 HEV Contribution Factor = 0.020 -- [(Zero-emission VMT Allowance) x 0.020]
      Where the Zero-emission VMT Allowance for 2015 through 2017 model year off-vehicle charge capable HEVs is determined in accordance with section C.3 of the “California Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for 2009 through 2017 Model Zero- Emission Vehicles and Hybrid Electric Vehicles, in the Passenger Car, Light-Duty Truck and Medium-Duty Vehicle Classes.” For the 2018 and subsequent model years, the Zero- emission VMT Allowance is equal to the sum of the Zero-Emission Vehicles Miles Traveled TZEV Allowance and the Allowance for US06 Capability in section C.3.3 of the “California Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for 2018 and Subsequent Model Zero- Emission Vehicles and Hybrid Electric Vehicles, in the Passenger Car, Light-Duty Truck and Medium-Duty Vehicle Classes,” as applicable. For the purposes of this subsection (b)(1)(B)2, the maximum allowable Zero-emission VMT Allowance that may be used in these equations is 1.0.
  3. (C) Phase-In Requirements for Small Volume Manufacturers.
    1. 1. In the 2015 through 2016 model years, a small volume manufacturer shall not exceed a fleet average NMOG+NOx value of 0.160 g/mi for PCs and LDTs from 0-3750 lbs. LVW or 0.160 g/mi for LDTs from 3751-5750 lbs. LVW calculated in accordance with subsection (b)(1)(B). In the 2017 through 2021 model years, a small volume manufacturer shall not exceed a fleet average NMOG+NOx value of 0.125 g/mi for PCs and LDTs from 0-3750 lbs. LVW or 0.125 g/mi for LDTs from 3751 lbs. LVW -- 8,500 lbs. GVW and MDPVs calculated in accordance with subsection (b)(1)(B). In 2022 and subsequent model years, a small volume manufacturer shall not exceed a fleet average NMOG+NOx value of 0.051 g/mi for PCs and LDTs from 0-3750 lbs. LVW or 0.051 g/mi for LDTs from 3751 lbs. LVW -- 8,500 lbs. GVW and MDPVs calculated in accordance with subsection (b)(1)(B). For the 2015 through 2021 model years, a small volume manufacturer may certify its vehicles to the LEV II exhaust standards in section 1961. All vehicles certified by a small volume manufacturer for the 2022 and subsequent model years must meet the LEV III exhaust standards in this section.
    2. 2. If a manufacturer's average California sales exceeds 4500 units of new PCs, LDTs, MDVs, heavy-duty vehicles, and heavy-duty engines based on the average number of vehicles sold for the three previous consecutive model years, the manufacturer shall no longer be treated as a small volume manufacturer. If this is the first time the manufacturer exceeds the 4500 unit sales limit, the manufacturer must comply with the fleet average requirements applicable to a large volume manufacturer, as specified in subsection (b)(1)(A) beginning with the fourth model year after the last of the three consecutive model years. If during this four year lead time period the manufacturer's sales drop below the 4500 unit sales limit and then increase again above the 4500 unit sales limit, the four year lead time period shall be calculated based on the first model year in which the manufacturer again exceeds the 4500 unit sales limit. Except as noted above -- i.e., if this is not the first time the manufacturer has exceeded the 4500 unit sales limit -- the manufacturer shall comply with the fleet average requirements applicable to larger manufacturers as specified in subsection (b)(1)(A) beginning with the following model year after the last of the three consecutive model years.
    3. 3. If a manufacturer's average California sales fall below 4500 units of new PCs, LDTs, MDVs and heavy duty engines based on the average number of vehicles sold for the three previous consecutive model years, the manufacturer shall be treated as a small volume manufacturer and shall be subject to the requirements for small volume manufacturers beginning with the next model year.
  4. (D) Treatment of ZEVs. ZEVs classified as LDTs (>3750 lbs. LVW) that have been counted toward the ZEV requirement for PCs and LDTs (0-3750 lbs. LVW) as specified in sections 1962.1 and 1962.2 shall be included as LDT1s in the calculation of a fleet average NMOG+NOx value.
2. (2) LEV III Phase-In Requirement for Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Passenger Vehicles
  For the 2015 and 2016 model years, the LEV II SULEV emission standards set forth in section 1961(a)(1) that are applicable to PCs, LDTs, and MDPVs shall only apply to those PCs, LDT1s, LDT2s, and MDPVs that certify to SULEV emission standards using “carryover” of emission test data from a previous model year in accordance with U.S. EPA OMS Advisory Circular A/C No. 17F, issued November 16, 1982, and last amended January 21, 1988, incorporated herein by reference. Beginning in the 2017 model year, the LEV II SULEV emission standards set forth in section 1961(a)(1) that are applicable to PCs, LDTs, and MDPVs shall only apply to those PCs, LDT1s, LDT2s, and MDPVs that receive partial ZEV allowances in accordance with the “California Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for 2009 through 2017 Model Zero-Emission Vehicles and Hybrid Electric Vehicles, in the Passenger Car, Light-Duty Truck and Medium-Duty Vehicle Classes.” A manufacturer, other than a small volume manufacturer, must certify 100 percent of its PC, LDT, and MDPV fleet to the LEV III standards in subsection (a)(1) in 2020 and subsequent model years. A small volume manufacturer must certify 100 percent of its PC, LDT, and MDPV fleet to the LEV III standards in subsection (a)(1) in 2022 and subsequent model years.
3. (3) LEV III Phase-In Requirements for Medium-Duty Vehicles, Other than Medium- Duty Passenger Vehicles.
  1. (A) Requirement for Manufacturers Other than Small Volume Manufacturers. A manufacturer of MDVs, other than a small volume manufacturer, shall certify its MDV fleet according to the following phase-in schedule:
    1. 1. LEV III Phase-in Requirements for Medium-Duty Vehicles Certified to Subsection (a)(1).
      Model Year
      Vehicles Certified to § 1961.2.1(a)(1) ¹ (%)
      Vehicles Certified to § 1956.8(c) or (h) (%)
      LEV II LEV; LEV III LEV395 or LEV630
      LEV II ULEV; LEV III ULEV340 or ULEV570
      LEV III ULEV250 or ULEV400
      LEV III SULEV170 or SULEV230
      ULEV
      2015
      40
      60
      0
      0
      100
      2016
      20
      60
      20
      0
      100
      2017
      10
      50
      40
      0
      100
      2018
      0
      40
      50
      10
      100
      2019
      0
      30
      40
      30
      100
      2020
      0
      20
      30
      50
      100
      2021
      0
      10
      20
      70
      100
      2022 +
      0
      0
      10
      90
      100
      1 The LEV II LEV and LEV II ULEV emission categories are only applicable for the 2015 through 2019 model years. The LEV III LEV395, LEV630, ULEV340, and ULEV570 emission categories are only applicable for the 2015 through 2021 model years.
  2. (B) Requirements for Small Volume Manufacturers. In the 2015 through 2017 model years, a small volume manufacturer shall certify, produce, and deliver for sale in California vehicles or engines certified to the MDV LEV II LEV standards or to the LEV II LEV395 or LEV III LEV630 standards, as applicable, in a quantity equivalent to 100% of its MDV fleet. In the 2018 through 2021 model years, a small volume manufacturer shall certify, produce, and deliver for sale in California vehicles or engines certified to the MDV LEV II ULEV standards or to the LEV III ULEV340 or LEV III ULEV570 standards, as applicable, in a quantity equivalent to 100% of its MDV fleet. In the 2022 and subsequent model years, a small volume manufacturer shall certify, produce, and deliver for sale in California vehicles or engines certified to the MDV LEV III UL EV250 or LEV II UL EV400 standards, as applicable, in a quantity equivalent to 100% of its MDV fleet. Engines certified to these MDV standards are not eligible for emissions averaging.
  3. (C) Alternate Phase-In Schedules for LEV III MDVs.
    1. 1. Alternate Phase-In Schedules for LEV III MDVs for All Manufacturers.
      1. a. For the 2016 and subsequent model years, the fleet average non methane organic gas plus oxides of nitrogen exhaust mass emission values from the medium-duty vehicles produced and delivered for sale in California each model year shall not exceed:
        FLEET AVERAGE NON-METHANE ORGANIC GAS PLUS OXIDES OF NITROGEN EXHAUST MASS EMISSION REQUIREMENTS FOR MEDIUM-DUTY VEHICLES (150,000 mile Durability Vehicle Basis)
        Model Year
        Fleet Average NMOG + NOx (g/mi)
        MDVs 8,501 -- 10,000 lbs. GVWR
        MDVs 10,001-14,000 lbs. GVWR
        2016
        0.333
        0.548
        2017
        0.310
        0.508
        2018
        0.278
        0.451
        2019
        0.253
        0.400
        2020
        0.228
        0.349
        2021
        0.203
        0.298
        2022+
        0.178
        0.247
      2. b. Each manufacturer's fleet average NMOG+NOx value for the total number of MDVs 8,501 -- 10,000 lbs. GVWR produced and delivered for sale in California shall be calculated as follows:
        (Σ [Number of MDVs 8,501 -- 10,000 lbs. GVWR in a test group excluding off-vehicle charge capable hybrid electric vehicles x applicable emission standard] + Σ [Number of off-vehicle charge capable hybrid electric vehicles in a test group x HEV NMOG+NOx contribution factor]) / Total Number of MDVs 8,501 -- 10,000 lbs. GVWR Produced and Delivered for sale in California, Including ZEVs and HEVs
      3. c. Each manufacturer's fleet average NMOG+NOx value for the total number of MDVs 10,001-14,000 lbs. GVWR produced and delivered for sale in California shall be calculated as follows:
        (Σ [Number of MDVs 10,001 -- 14,000 lbs. GVWR in a test group excluding off-vehicle charge capable hybrid electric vehicles x applicable emission standard] + Σ [Number of off-vehicle charge capable hybrid electric vehicles in a test group x HEV NMOG+NOx contribution factor]) / Total Number of MDVs 10,001 -- 14,000 lbs. GVWR Produced and Delivered for sale in California, Including ZEVs and HEVs
      4. d. The applicable emission standards to be used in the above equations are as follows:
        Model Year
        Emission Category
        Emission Standard Value (g/mi)
        2016 and subsequent model year federally- certified vehicles
        All
        Sum of the full useful life NMOG and NOx Federal Emission Standards or full useful life NMOG+NOx Federal Emission Standard to which Vehicle is Certified
        2016 through 2019 model year vehicles certified to the “LEV II” standards in subsection 1961(a)(1)
        All
        Sum of the full useful life NMOG and NOx LEV II Emission Standards to which Vehicle is Certified
        2016 and subsequent model year vehicles certified to the “LEV III” standards in subsection (a)(1)
        All
        Full useful life NMOG+NOx LEV III Emission Standards to which Vehicle is Certified
      5. e. NMOG+NOx Contribution Factor for Off-vehicle Charge Capable HEVs. The HEV NMOG+NOx contribution factors for medium-duty off-vehicle charge capable hybrid electric vehicles are calculated as follows.
        i. NMOG+NOx Contribution Factor for Off-vehicle Charge Capable HEVs 8,501 -- 10,000 lbs. GVWR. The HEV NMOG+NOx contribution factors for medium-duty off-vehicle charge capable hybrid electric vehicles 8,501 -- 10,000 lbs. GVWR are calculated as follows.
        For the purpose of applying this formula to medium-duty off-vehicle charge capable hybrid electric vehicles 8,501 -- 10,000 lbs. GVWR that are certified to the LEV II standards set forth in subsection 1961(a)(1), a LEV II LEV shall use the formula for LEV395, a LEV II ULEV shall use the formula for ULEV340, and a LEV II SULEV shall use the formula for ULEV200.
        LEV395 HEV Contribution Factor = 0.395 -- [(Zero-emission VMT Allowance) x 0.055]
        ULEV340 HEV Contribution Factor = 0.340 -- [(Zero-emission VMT Allowance) x 0.090]
        ULEV250 HEV Contribution Factor = 0.250 -- [(Zero-emission VMT Allowance) x 0.050]
        ULEV200 HEV Contribution Factor = 0.200 -- [(Zero-emission VMT Allowance) x 0.030]
        SULEV170 HEV Contribution Factor = 0.170 -- [(Zero-emission VMT Allowance) x 0.020]
        SULEV150 HEV Contribution Factor = 0.150 -- [(Zero-emission VMT Allowance) x 0.020]
        ii. NMOG+NOx Contribution Factor for Off-vehicle Charge Capable HEVs 10,001 -- 14,000 lbs. GVWR. The HEV NMOG+NOx contribution factors for medium-duty off-vehicle charge capable hybrid electric vehicles 10,001 -- 14,000 lbs. GVWR are calculated as follows.
        For the purpose of applying this formula to medium-duty off-vehicle charge capable hybrid electric vehicles 10,001 -- 14,000 lbs. GVWR that are certified to the LEV II standards set forth in subsection 1961(a)(1), a LEV II LEV shall use the formula for LEV630, a LEV II ULEV shall use the formula for ULEV570, and a LEV II SULEV shall use the formula as follows.
        LEV II SULEV HEV Contribution Factor = 0.327 -- [(Zero-emission VMT Allowance) x 0.057]
        LEV630 HEV Contribution Factor = 0.630 -- [(Zero-emission VMT Allowance) x 0.060]
        ULEV570 HEV Contribution Factor = 0.570 -- [(Zero-emission VMT Allowance) x 0.170]
        ULEV400 HEV Contribution Factor = 0.400 -- [(Zero-emission VMT Allowance) x 0.130]
        ULEV270 HEV Contribution Factor = 0.270 -- [(Zero-emission VMT Allowance) x 0.040]
        SULEV230 HEV Contribution Factor = 0.230 -- [(Zero-emission VMT Allowance) x 0.030]
        SULEV200 HEV Contribution Factor = 0.200 -- [(Zero-emission VMT Allowance) x 0.030]
        The Zero-emission VMT Allowance for 2016 and 2017 model year off-vehicle charge capable HEVs is determined in accordance with section C.3 of the “California Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for 2009 through 2017 Model Zero-Emission Vehicles and Hybrid Electric Vehicles, in the Passenger Car, Light-Duty Truck and Medium-Duty Vehicle Classes.” For the 2018 and subsequent model years, the Zero- emission VMT Allowance is equal to the sum of the Zero-Emission Vehicles Miles Traveled TZEV Allowance and the Allowance for US06 Capability in section C.3.3 of the “California Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for 2018 and Subsequent Model Zero-Emission Vehicles and Hybrid Electric Vehicles, in the Passenger Car, Light-Duty Truck and Medium-Duty Vehicle Classes,” as applicable. For the purposes of this subsection (b)(3)(C)1.e, the maximum allowable Zero-emission VMT Allowance that may be used in these equations is 1.0.
    2. 2. Alternate Phase-In Schedules for LEV III MDVs for Manufacturers with a Limited Number of Test Groups. For the 2016 and subsequent model years, a manufacturer that produces and delivers for sale in California four or fewer medium-duty test groups may comply with the following alternate phase-in schedule for LEV III medium-duty vehicles.
      1. a. A manufacturer that produces and delivers for sale in California four medium-duty test groups may comply with the following alternate phase-in schedule for LEV III medium-duty vehicles.
        Model Year
        Number of Test Groups Certified to § 1961.2.1(a)(1)
        Vehicles Certified to § 1956.8(c) or (h) (%)
        LEV II LEV; LEV III LEV395 or LEV630
        LEV II ULEV; LEV III ULEV340 or ULEV570
        LEV III ULEV250 or ULEV400
        LEV III SULEV170 or SULEV230
        ULEV
        2016-2017
        1
        2
        1
        0
        100
        2018
        0
        2
        2
        0
        100
        2019
        0
        1
        2
        1
        100
        2020
        0
        1
        1
        2
        100
        2021
        0
        0
        1
        3
        100
        2022 +
        0
        0
        0
        4
        100
      2. b. A manufacturer that produces and delivers for sale in California three medium-duty test groups certified to subsection (a)(1) may comply with the following alternate phase-in schedule for LEV III medium-duty vehicles.
        Model Year
        Number of Test Groups Certified to § 1961.2.1(a)(1)
        Vehicles Certified to § 1956.8(c) or (h) (%)
        LEV II LEV; LEV III LEV395 or LEV630
        LEV II ULEV; LEV III ULEV340 or ULEV570
        LEV III ULEV250 or ULEV400
        LEV III SULEV170 or SULEV230
        ULEV
        2016
        1
        2
        0
        0
        100
        2017
        0
        2
        1
        0
        100
        2018
        0
        1
        2
        0
        100
        2019-2020
        0
        1
        1
        1
        100
        2021
        0
        0
        1
        2
        100
        2022 +
        0
        0
        0
        3
        100
      3. c. A manufacturer that produces and delivers for sale in California two medium-duty test groups certified to subsection (a)(1) may comply with the following alternate phase-in schedule for LEV III medium-duty vehicles.
        Model Year
        Number of Test Groups Certified to § 1961.2(a)(1)
        Vehicles Certified to § 1956.8(c) or (h) (%)
        LEV II LEV; LEV III LEV395 or LEV630
        LEV II ULEV; LEV III ULEV340 or ULEV570
        LEV III ULEV250 or ULEV400
        LEV III SULEV170 or SULEV230
        ULEV
        2016
        1
        1
        0
        0
        100
        2017-2019
        0
        1
        1
        0
        100
        2020-2021
        0
        0
        1
        1
        100
        2022 +
        0
        0
        0
        2
        100
      4. d. A manufacturer that produces and delivers for sale in California one medium-duty test groups certified to subsection (a)(1) may comply with the following alternate phase-in schedule for LEV III medium-duty vehicles.
        Model Year
        Number of Test Groups Certified to § 1961.2.1(a)(1)
        Vehicles Certified to § 1956.8(c) or (h) (%)
        LEV II LEV; LEV III LEV395 or LEV630
        LEV II ULEV; LEV III ULEV340 or ULEV570
        LEV III ULEV250 or ULEV400
        LEV III SULEV170 or SULEV230
        ULEV
        2016-2018
        0
        1
        0
        0
        100
        2019-2021
        0
        0
        1
        0
        100
        2022 +
        0
        0
        0
        1
        100
  4. (D) Identifying a Manufacturer's MDV Fleet. Each manufacturer's MDV fleet shall be defined as the total number of California-certified MDVs produced and delivered for sale in California. For the purpose of demonstrating compliance with the LEV III phase-in requirements in subsection (b)(3), each manufacturer's MDV fleet must be divided into two separate groups of vehicles: “chassis-certified MDVs” that certify to subsection (a)(1) and “engine-certified MDVs” that use engines certified to the standards in section 1956.8. The phase- in percentages in subsection (b)(3) for vehicles certified to subsection (a)(1) shall be applied to the manufacturers' total production of California chassis-certified medium-duty vehicles delivered for sale in California. The phase-in percentages in subsection (b)(3) for vehicles certified to section 1956.8 shall be applied to the manufacturer's total production of California engine-certified medium-duty vehicles delivered for sale in California.
  5. (E) For a manufacturer that elects to certify to the optional medium-duty engine standards in title 13, CCR subsections 1956.8(c) or (h), all such MDVs, including those produced by a small volume manufacturer, shall be subject to the emissions averaging provisions applicable to heavy-duty diesel or Otto-cycle engines as set forth in the “California Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for 2004 and Subsequent Model Heavy-Duty Otto-Cycle Engines,” or the “California Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for 2004 and Subsequent Model Heavy-Duty Diesel Engines”, incorporated by reference in subsections 1956.8(b) or (d), as applicable.
4. (4) SFTP Phase-In Requirements.
  1. (A) Phase-In Requirement for Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium- Duty Passenger Vehicles. A test group certifying to LEV III FTP emission categories on a 150,000-mile durability basis shall also certify to SFTP requirements on a 150,000-mile durability basis.
    1. 1. Under Option 1, beginning with the 2015 model year, a manufacturer shall certify its PCs, LDTs, and MDPVs to the SFTP NMOG+NOx and CO emission standards in subsection (a)(7)(A)1. when the vehicles are also certifying to a LEV III FTP emission category at 150,000-mile durability.
    2. 2. Under Option 2, for 2015 and subsequent model years, a manufacturer shall certify its fleet of PCs, LDTs, and MDPVs such that the manufacturer's sales-weighted fleet- average NMOG+NOx composite emission value and each test group's CO composite emission value does not exceed the applicable composite emission standards in effect for that model year in accordance with subsection (a)(7)(A)2.
      Beginning with the 2017 model year, a manufacturer shall certify its PCs, LDTs, and MDPVs certifying to LEV III FTP PM emission standards on a 150,000-mile durability basis to the SFTP PM emission standards in subsection (a)(7)(B).
    Manufacturers shall have two options for phase in to the SFTP NMOG+NOx and CO emission standards.
  2. (B) Phase-In Requirements for Medium-Duty Vehicle Manufacturers. Phase-in for NMOG+NOx and CO emission standards begins with the 2016 model year. For MDVs 8,501-10,000 lbs. GVWR certified prior to the 2018 model year, for each model year, the percentage of MDVs certified to an SFTP emission category set forth in this section shall be equal to or greater than the total percentage certified to the FTP ULEV250, ULEV200, SULEV170, and SULEV150 emission categories; of these vehicles, the percentage of MDVs certified to an SFTP SULEV emission category shall be equal to or greater than the total percentage certified to both the FTP SULEV170 and SULEV150 emission categories. For MDVs 10,001-14,000 lbs. GVWR, for each model year, the percentage of MDVs certified to an SFTP emission category set forth in this section shall be equal to or greater than the total percentage certified to the FTP ULEV400, ULEV270, SULEV230, and SULEV200 emission categories; of these vehicles, the percentage of MDVs certified to an SFTP SULEV emission category shall be equal to or greater than the total percentage certified to both the FTP SULEV230 and SULEV200 emission categories. 2018 and subsequent model year MDVs 8,501-10,000 lbs. GVWR certifying to the FTP ULEV250 and ULEV200 emission categories, including vehicles certifying with carryover data, shall comply with the SFTP ULEV standards set forth in subsection (a)(7)(C), and those certifying to FTP SULEV170 and SULEV150, including vehicles certifying with carryover data, shall comply with the SFTP SULEV standards set forth in subsection (a)(7)(C). 2018 and subsequent model year MDVs 10,001-14,000 lbs. GVWR certifying to FTP ULEV400 and ULEV270 emission categories, including vehicles certifying with carryover data, shall comply with the SFTP ULEV standards set forth in subsection (a)(7)(C), and those certifying to SULEV230 and SULEV200, including vehicles certifying with carryover data, shall comply with the SFTP SULEV standards set forth in subsection (a)(7)(C).
    In addition, 2017 and subsequent model MDVs certifying to LEV III FTP PM emission standards on a 150,000-mile durability basis must also certify to the SFTP emission standards set forth in subsection (a)(7)(D).
  3. (C) Identifying a Manufacturer's Medium-Duty Vehicle Fleet. For the 2016 and subsequent model years, each manufacturer's MDV fleet shall be defined as the total number of California-certified MDVs, other than MDPVs, produced and delivered for sale in California. For 2016 and subsequent model years, a manufacturer that elects to certify engines to the optional medium-duty engine emission standards in section 1956.8 shall not count those engines in the manufacturer's total production of California-certified medium-duty vehicles for purposes of this subparagraph.
(c) Calculation of NMOG + NOx Credits/Debits
1. (1) Calculation of NMOG+NOx Credits and Debits for Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Passenger Vehicles.
  1. (A) In 2015 and subsequent model years, a manufacturer shall calculate its credits or debits using the following equation.
    [(Fleet Average NMOG+NOx Requirement) -- (Manufacturer's Fleet Average NMOG+NOx Value)] x (Total No. of Vehicles Produced and Delivered for Sale in California, Including ZEVs and HEVs).
  2. (B) In 2015 and subsequent model years, a manufacturer that achieves fleet average NMOG+NOx values lower than the fleet average NMOG+NOx requirement for the corresponding model year shall receive credits in units of g/mi NMOG + NOx. A manufacturer with 2015 and subsequent model year fleet average NMOG+NOx values greater than the fleet average requirement for the corresponding model year shall receive debits in units of g/mi NMOG + NOx equal to the amount of negative credits determined by the aforementioned equation. The total g/mi NMOG+NOx credits or debits earned for PCs and LDTs 0-3750 lbs. LVW, and for LDTs 3751 lbs. LVW -- 8500 lbs. GVWR and for MDPVs shall be summed together. The resulting amount shall constitute the g/mi NMOG+NOx credits or debits accrued by the manufacturer for the model year.
2. (2) Calculation of NMOG+NOx Credits and Debits for Medium-Duty Vehicles Other than MDPVs.
  1. (A) Calculation of Vehicle-Equivalent NMOG + NOx Credits for Medium-Duty Vehicles Other than MDPVs.
    1. 1. In 2016 and subsequent model years, a manufacturer that produces and delivers for sale in California MDVs, other than MDPVs, in excess of the equivalent requirements for LEV III vehicles certified to the exhaust emission standards set forth in subsection (a)(1), shall receive “Vehicle-Equivalent Credits” (or “VECs”) calculated in accordance with the following equation, where the term “produced” means produced and delivered for sale in California:
      (1.00) x {[(No. of LEV395s and LEV630s Produced excluding HEVs) + (No. of LEV395 HEVs x HEV VEC factor for LEV395s) + (No. of LEV630 HEVs x HEV VEC factor for LEV630s)] -- (No. of LEV395s and LEV630s Required to be Produced)} +
      (1.14) x {[(No. of ULEV340s and ULEV570s Produced excluding HEVs) + (No. of ULEV340 HEVs x HEV VEC factor for ULEV340s) + (No. of ULEV570 HEVs x HEV VEC factor for ULEV570s)] -- (No. of ULEV340s and ULEV570s Required to be Produced)} +
      (1.37) x {[(No. of ULEV250s and ULEV400s Produced excluding HEVs) + (No. of ULEV250 HEVs x HEV VEC factor for ULEV250s) + (No. of ULEV400 HEVs x HEV VEC factor for ULEV400s)] -- (No. of ULEV250s and ULEV400s Required to be Produced)} +
      (1.49) x {[(No. of ULEV200s and ULEV270s Produced excluding HEVs) + (No. of ULEV200 HEVs x HEV VEC factor for ULEV200s) + (No. of ULEV270 HEVs x HEV VEC factor for ULEV270s)] -- (No. of ULEV200s and ULEV270s Required to be Produced)} +
      (1.57) x {[(No. of SULEV170s and SULEV230s Produced excluding HEVs) + (No. of SULEV170 HEVs x HEV VEC factor for SULEV170s) + (No. of SULEV230 HEVs x HEV VEC factor for SULEV230s)] -- (No. of SULEV170s and SULEV230s Required to be Produced)} +
      (1.62) x {[(No. of SULEV150s and SULEV200s Produced excluding HEVs) + (No. of SULEV150 HEVs x HEV VEC factor for SULEV150s) + (No. of SULEV200 HEVs x HEV VEC factor for SULEV200s)] -- (No. of SULEV150s and SULEV200s Required to be Produced)} +[(2.00) x (No. of ZEVs Certified and Produced as MDVs)].
    2. 2. MDV HEV VEC factor. The MDV HEV factor is calculated as follows:
      where “Zero-emission VMT Allowance” for an HEV is determined in accordance with section C of the “California Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for 2009 through 2017 Model Zero-Emission Vehicles and Hybrid Electric Vehicles, in the Passenger Car, Light-Duty Truck and Medium-Duty Vehicle Classes,” incorporated by reference in section 1962.1, or the “California Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for 2018 and Subsequent Model Zero-Emission Vehicles and Hybrid Electric Vehicles, in the Passenger Car, Light-Duty Truck and Medium-Duty Vehicle Classes,” incorporated by reference in section 1962.2, as applicable, except that for the purposes of this subsection (c)(2)(B), the maximum allowable Zero-emission VMT Allowance that may be used in these equations is 1.0.
    3. 3. A manufacturer that fails to produce and deliver for sale in California the equivalent quantity of MDVs certified to LEV III exhaust emission standards, shall receive “Vehicle-Equivalent Debits” (or “VEDs”) equal to the amount of negative VECs determined by the equation in subsection (c)(2)(A).
  2. (B) Calculation of Fleet Average NMOG+NOx Credits and Debits for Medium-Duty Vehicles Other than MDPVs.
    1. 1. In 2016 and subsequent model years, a manufacturer shall calculate its medium-duty vehicle fleet average credits or debits using the following equation.
      [(Fleet Average NMOG+NOx Requirement) -- (Manufacturer's Fleet Average NMOG+NOx Value)] x (Total No. of Vehicles Produced and Delivered for Sale in California, Including ZEVs and HEVs).
    2. 2. In 2016 and subsequent model years, a manufacturer that achieves fleet average NMOG+NOx values lower than the fleet average NMOG+NOx requirement for the corresponding model year shall receive credits in units of g/mi NMOG+NOx. A manufacturer with 2016 and subsequent model year fleet average NMOG+NOx values greater than the fleet average requirement for the corresponding model year shall receive debits in units of g/mi NMOG+NOx equal to the amount of negative credits determined by the aforementioned equation. The total g/mi NMOG+NOx credits or debits earned for MDVs 8,501-10,000 lbs. GVWR excluding MDPVs, and for MDVs 10,001-14,000 lbs. GVWR shall be summed together. The resulting amount shall constitute the g/mi NMOG+NOx credits or debits accrued by the manufacturer for the model year. Medium-duty fleet average credits and debits earned in accordance with subsection (c)(2)(B) may not be summed together with fleet average credits and debits earned for passenger cars, light-duty trucks, and medium-duty passenger vehicles in accordance with subsection (c)(1).
  3. (C) Only ZEVs certified as MDVs and not used to meet the ZEV requirement shall be included in the calculation of VECs or the calculation of NMOG+NOx credits and debits.
  A manufacturer that elects to comply with the phase-in requirements for LEV III medium-duty vehicles other than MDPVs in subsection (b)(3)(A) or subsection (b)(3)(B) shall calculate vehicle-equivalent NMOG+NOx credits in accordance with subsection (c)(2)(A). A manufacturer that elects to comply with the alternative phase-in schedule for LEV III medium- duty vehicles other than MDPVs in subsection (b)(3)(C) shall calculate fleet average NMOG+NOx credits in accordance with subsection (c)(2)(B).
3. (3) Procedure for Offsetting Debits.
  1. (A) A manufacturer shall equalize emission debits by earning g/mi NMOG+NOx emission credits or VECs in an amount equal to the g/mi NMOG+NOx debits or VEDs, or by submitting a commensurate amount of g/mi NMOG+NOx credits or VECs to the Executive Officer that were earned previously or acquired from another manufacturer. A manufacturer shall equalize NMOG+NOx debits for PCs, LDTs, and MDPVs and VEC debits or NMOG+NOx debits, as applicable, for MDVs within three model years. If emission debits are not equalized within the specified time period, the manufacturer shall be subject to the Health and Safety Code § 43211 civil penalty applicable to a manufacturer which sells a new motor vehicle that does not meet the applicable emission standards adopted by the state board. The cause of action shall be deemed to accrue when the emission debits are not equalized by the end of the specified time period. A manufacturer demonstrating compliance under Option 2 in subsection (b)(1)(A)1.a., must calculate the emission debits that are subject to a civil penalty under Health and Safety Code section 43211 separately for California, the District of Columbia, and for each individual state that is included in the fleet average greenhouse gas requirements in subsection (b)(1)(A)1.a. The manufacturer must calculate these emission debits separately for California, the District of Columbia, and each individual state using the formula in subsections (c)(1) and (c)(2), except that the “Total No. of Vehicles Produced and Delivered for Sale in California, Including ZEVs and HEVs” shall be calculated separately for the District of Columbia and each individual state.
    For the purposes of Health and Safety Code § 43211, the number of passenger cars, light-duty trucks, and medium-duty passenger vehicles not meeting the state board's emission standards shall be determined by dividing the total amount of g/mi NMOG+NOx emission debits for the model year by the g/mi NMOG+NOx fleet average requirement for PCs and LDTs 0-3750 lbs. LVW and for LDTs 3751 lbs. LVW -- 8500 lbs. GVW and MDPVs applicable for the model year in which the debits were first incurred; and the number of medium-duty vehicles not meeting the state board's emission standards shall be equal to the amount of VEDs incurred or shall be determined by dividing the total amount of g/mi NMOG+NOx emission debits for the model year by the g/mi NMOG+NOx fleet average requirement for MDVs 8,501-10,000 lbs. GVW and for MDVs 10,001 lbs.-14,000 lbs. GVW applicable for the model year in which the debits were first incurred.
  2. (B) For the 2015 and subsequent model years, the emission credits earned in any given model year shall retain full value through five subsequent model years. Credits will have no value if not used by the beginning of the sixth model year after being earned.
4. (4) Changing NMOG Credits and Debits to NMOG+NOx Credits and Debits. The value of any emission credits that have not been used prior to the start of the 2015 model year and any emission debits that have not been equalized prior to the start of the 2015 model year earned shall be converted to NMOG+NOx credits at the start of the 2015 model year by multiplying their values by a factor of 3.0. These credits and debits are subject to the provisions in subsection 1961(c)(3).
5. (5) Changing Vehicle-Equivalent Credits and Debits to NMOG+NOx Fleet Average Credits and Debits. The value of any vehicle-equivalent credits and debits earned in accordance with subsection (c)(2) or subsection 1961(c)(2) shall be converted to NMOG+NOx fleet average credits and debits using the provisions in subsection (c)(2)(B), for each model year in which the credits or debits are accrued. For the purpose of applying the formula in subsection (c)(2)(B)1, for credits and debits earned in accordance with subsection 1961(c)(2), the Fleet Average NMOG+NOx Requirement is 0.364 g/mi for MDVs between 8,501-10,000 lbs. GVWR and 0.592 g/mi for MDVs between 10,001-14,000 lbs. GVWR. These credits and debits are subject to the provisions in subsection (c)(3) or subsection 1961(c)(3), as applicable, based on the model year in which they are first earned as vehicle-equivalent credits or debits.
(d) Test Procedures. The certification requirements and test procedures for determining compliance with the emission standards in this section are set forth in the “California 2015 and Subsequent Model Criteria Pollutant Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures and 2017 and Subsequent Model Greenhouse Gas Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Vehicles,” as amended December 6, 2012, the “California Non-Methane Organic Gas Test Procedures for 1993 through 2016 Model Year Vehicles,” as amended September 2, 2015, and the “California Non-Methane Organic Gas Test Procedures for 2017 and Subsequent Model Year Vehicles,” as adopted September 2, 2015, which are all incorporated herein by reference. In the case of hybrid electric vehicles and onboard fuel-fired heaters, the certification requirements and test procedures for determining compliance with the emission standards in this section are set forth in the “California Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for 2009 through 2017 Model Zero-Emission Vehicles and Hybrid Electric Vehicles, in the Passenger Car, Light-Duty Truck and Medium-Duty Vehicle Classes,” incorporated by reference in section 1962.1, and the “California Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for 2018 and Subsequent Model Zero-Emission Vehicles and Hybrid Electric Vehicles, in the Passenger Car, Light-Duty Truck and Medium-Duty Vehicle Classes,” incorporated by reference in section 1962.2.
(e) Abbreviations. The following abbreviations are used in this section:
“ALVW” means adjusted loaded vehicle weight
“ASTM” means American Society of Testing and Materials. “CO” means carbon monoxide.
“FTP” means Federal Test Procedure. “g/mi” means grams per mile.
“GVW” means gross vehicle weight.
“GVWR” means gross vehicle weight rating.
“HEV” means hybrid-electric vehicle.
“LDT” means light-duty truck.
“LDT1” means a light-duty truck with a loaded vehicle weight of 0-3750 pounds.
“LDT2” means a light-duty truck with a loaded vehicle weight of 3751 pounds to a gross vehicle weight rating of 8500 pounds.
“LEV” means low-emission vehicle.
“LPG” means liquefied petroleum gas.
“LVW” means loaded vehicle weight.
“MDPV” means medium-duty passenger vehicle.
“MDV” means medium-duty vehicle.
“NMHC” means non-methane hydrocarbons. “mg/mi” means milligrams per mile.
“NMHC” means non-methane hydrocarbons.
“Non-Methane Organic Gases” or “NMOG” means the total mass of oxygenated and non-oxygenated hydrocarbon emissions.
“NOx” means oxides of nitrogen.
“PC” means passenger car.
“SULEV” means super-ultra-low-emission vehicle.
“ULEV” means ultra-low-emission vehicle.
“VEC” means vehicle-equivalent credits.
“VED” means vehicle-equivalent debits.
“VMT” means vehicle miles traveled.
“ZEV” means zero-emission vehicle.
(f) Severability. Each provision of this section is severable, and in the event that any provision of this section is held to be invalid, the remainder of both this section and this article remains in full force and effect.

For purposes of this section, any cross-referenced section in title 13 or title 17 of the California Code of Regulations shall refer to the section identified as the alternative version “(Alternative)” for the corresponding section, to the extent an alternative version of that section exists.

Introduction. This section 1961.2.1 contains the California “LEV III” exhaust emission standards for 2015 and subsequent model year passenger cars, light-duty trucks, and medium-duty vehicles. A manufacturer must demonstrate compliance with the exhaust standards in subsection (a) applicable to specific test groups, and with the composite phase-in requirements in subsection (b) applicable to the manufacturer's entire fleet.

Before the 2015 model year, a manufacturer that produces vehicles that meet the standards in subsection (a) has the option of certifying the vehicles to those standards, in which case the vehicles will be treated as LEV III vehicles for purposes of the fleet-wide phase-in requirements. Similarly, 2015 -- 2019 model-year vehicles may be certified to the “LEV II” exhaust emission standards in subsection 1961(a)(1), in which case the vehicles will be treated as LEV II vehicles for purposes of the fleet-wide phase-in requirements.

A manufacturer has the option of certifying engines used in incomplete and diesel medium-duty vehicles with a gross vehicle weight rating of greater than 10,000 lbs. GVW to the heavy duty engine standards and test procedures set forth in title 13, CCR, subsections 1956.8(c) and (h).

All medium-duty vehicles with a gross vehicle weight rating of less than or equal to 10,000 lbs. GVW, including incomplete otto-cycle medium-duty vehicles and medium-duty vehicles that use diesel cycle engines, must be certified to the LEV III chassis standards and test procedures set forth in this section in 2020 and subsequent model years.

Pooling Provision.

For each model year, a manufacturer must demonstrate compliance with this section 1961.2.1 based on one of two options applicable throughout the model year, either:

Option 1: the total number of passenger cars, light-duty trucks, and medium-duty vehicles that are certified to the California exhaust emission standards in subsection (a) and subsection 1961(a)(1), and are produced and delivered for sale in California; or

Option 2: the total number of passenger cars, light-duty trucks, and medium-duty vehicles that are certified to the California exhaust emission standards in subsection (a) and subsection 1961(a)(1), and are produced and delivered for sale in California, the District of Columbia, and all states that have adopted California's criteria pollutant emission standards set forth in this section for that model year pursuant to section 177 of the federal Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. § 7507).

A manufacturer that selects compliance Option 2 must notify the Executive Officer of that selection in writing prior to the start of the applicable model year or must comply with Option 1. Once a manufacturer has selected compliance Option 2, that selection applies unless the manufacturer selects Option 1 and notifies the Executive Officer of that selection in writing before the start of the applicable model year.

When a manufacturer is demonstrating compliance using Option 2 for a given model year, the term “in California” as used in this section means California, the District of Columbia, and all states that have adopted California's criteria pollutant emission standards set forth in this section for that model year pursuant to Section 177 of the federal Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. § 7507).

Note: Authority cited: Sections 39500, 39600, 39601, 43013, 43018, 43101, 43104, 43105 and 43106, Health and Safety Code. Reference: Sections 39002, 39003, 39667, 43000, 43009.5, 43013, 43018, 43100, 43101, 43101.5, 43102, 43104, 43105, 43106, 43204 and 43205, Health and Safety Code.

History

1. New section filed 10-2-2025 as an emergency; operative 10-2-2025 (Register 2025, No. 40). A Certificate of Compliance must be transmitted to OAL by 4-1-2026 or emergency language will be repealed by operation of law on the following day.

2. New section refiled 3-26-2026 as an emergency; operative 4-1-2026 (Register 2026, No. 13). A Certificate of Compliance must be transmitted to OAL by 6-30-2026 or emergency language will be repealed by operation of law on the following day.