A person may operate an all-terrain vehicle or an off-highway vehicle in this state without a resident or nonresident off-highway vehicle user indicia issued pursuant to section 28-1177 if any of the following applies:

1. 1. The person is participating in an off-highway special event.
2. 2. The person is operating an all-terrain vehicle or an off-highway vehicle on private land.
3. 3. The person is loading or unloading an all-terrain vehicle or an off-highway vehicle from a vehicle.
4. 4. During a period of emergency or if the operation is directed by a peace officer or other public authority.
5. 5. The vehicle displays a valid dealer license plate that the department issues pursuant to section 28-4533.