(a) Applicability.

1. (1)

   1. (A) Detection monitoring is required at all ground water monitoring wells and sampling points defined under 8 CAR § 60-1202(a)(1) and (2).
   2. (B) A detection monitoring program must include the monitoring for the constituents listed in Appendix 1 of this part for Class 1 landfills and Appendix 3 of this part for Class 3 landfills and other facilities where ground water monitoring is required.
2. (2) The Director of the Division of Environmental Quality may delete any of the Appendix 1 or Appendix 3 monitoring parameters for a landfill or other facility if it can be shown that the removed constituents are not reasonably expected to be found in or derived from the waste contained in the unit.

3. (3)

   1. (A) The director may establish an alternative list of inorganic indicator parameters for a landfill, in lieu of some or all of the heavy metals (constituents 1 – 15 in Appendix 1 to this part), if the alternative parameters provide a reliable indication of inorganic releases from the Class 1 landfill to the ground water.
   2. (B) In determining alternative parameters, the director shall consider the following factors:

(i) The types, quantities, and concentrations of constituents in waste managed at the landfill;

1. (ii) The mobility, stability, and persistence of waste constituents or their reaction products in the unsaturated zone beneath the landfill;

   1. (iii) The detectability of indicator parameters, waste constituents, and reaction products in the ground water; and

      1. (iv) The concentration or values and coefficients of variation of monitoring parameters or constituents in the ground water background.

   2. (C)

      1. (i) The Division of Environmental Quality may further modify the list of detection monitoring parameters for Class 3 and other facilities if the applicant can demonstrate that a particular constituent, or its reaction products, cannot be present within the waste to be placed into the landfill.
      2. (ii) Other parameters of concern may be added by the Division of Environmental Quality based upon individual waste and leachate characteristics.

(b) Sampling frequency.

1. (1) The monitoring frequency for all constituents listed in Appendix 1 or Appendix 3 of this part, or in the alternative list approved in accordance with subdivision (a)(2) of this section, shall be at least semiannual during the active life of the facility (including closure) and the post-closure period, and quarterly for Class 1 and Class 3C landfills located in the outcrop area of the Boone and St. Joe geologic formations.
2. (2) Unless another sampling schedule has been approved by the director, a minimum of four (4) quarterly samples from each well (background and downgradient) must be collected and analyzed for the Appendix 1 or Appendix 3 constituents as applicable, or the alternative list approved in accordance with subdivision (a)(3) of this section, during the first year of ground water sampling.
3. (3) At least one (1) sample from each well (background and downgradient) must be collected and analyzed during subsequent semiannual sampling events following the establishment of background ground water quality as required under 8 CAR § 60-1203(e).

4. (4)

   1. (A) The director may specify an appropriate alternative frequency for repeated sampling and analysis for Appendix 1 or Appendix 3 constituents, or the alternative list approved in accordance with subdivision (a)(2) of this section, during the active life (including closure) and the post-closure care period.
   2. (B) The alternative frequency during the active life (including closure) shall be no less than annual.

   3. (C) The alternative frequency shall be based on consideration of the following factors:

      1. (i) Lithology of the aquifer and unsaturated zone;
      2. (ii) Hydraulic conductivity of the aquifer and unsaturated zone;
      3. (iii) Ground water flow rates;
      4. (iv) Minimum distance between up gradient edge of the Class 1 landfill and downgradient monitoring well screen (minimum distance of travel); and
      5. (v) Resource value of the aquifer.
      6. (c) Detection of statistically significant increase. If the owner or operator determines, pursuant to 8 CAR § 60-1203(g), that there is a statistically significant increase (or decrease for pH) over background for one (1) or more of the constituents listed in Appendix 1 or Appendix 3 of this part, or in the alternative list approved in accordance with subdivision (a)(2) of this section, at any monitoring well at the boundary specified under 8 CAR § 60-1202(a)(2), the owner or operator:
5. (1) Must, within fourteen (14) days of this finding, place a notice in the operating record indicating which constituents have shown statistically significant changes from background levels, and notify the director that this notice was placed in the operating record; and
6. (2) Must establish an assessment monitoring program meeting the requirements of 8 CAR § 60-1205 within ninety (90) days except as provided for in subdivision (c)(3) of this section.

7. (3)

   1. (A) May demonstrate that a source other than a landfill caused the contamination or that the statistically significant increase resulted from error in sampling, analysis, statistical evaluation, or natural variation in ground water quality.
   2. (B) A report documenting this demonstration must be certified by a qualified ground water scientist or approved by the director and be placed in the operating record.
   3. (C) If a successful demonstration is made and documented, the owner or operator may continue detection monitoring as specified in this section.
   4. (D) If, after ninety (90) days, a successful demonstration is not made, the owner or operator must initiate an assessment monitoring program as required in 8 CAR § 60-1205.

   5. (E) A flow chart (Figure 12-1) presenting the applicable requirements of the assessment monitoring program can be found at the end of this subpart.

      1. (d) Test methods and detection limits.
8. (1) Only Division of Environmental Quality-approved test methods shall be used in the analysis of ground water monitoring parameters.

9. (2)

   1. (A) Unless written approval is granted by the Division of Environmental Quality, the reporting detection limit (MDL) must be less than or equal to the values reported in EPA Report SW-846, Test Methods For Evaluating Solid Waste, third edition, November 1986, as revised December 1987, or current available edition.
   2. (B) Volatile organic compound analysis shall be in accordance with Method 8260 while metal analysis shall be in accordance with Method 6010 or a method from the 7000 series.

10. (3) The following inorganic parameters must also be analyzed for in each sample:

    1. (A) Chloride;
    2. (B) Total dissolved solids;
    3. (C) Sulfate;
    4. (D) Total organic carbon;
    5. (E) pH;
    6. (F) Specific conductance;
    7. (G) Iron; and
    8. (H) Manganese.

(e) Sampling and analysis plans.

1. (1) Owners or operators shall develop and implement a Division of Environmental Quality-approved site-specific written sampling and analysis plan.

2. (2) The sampling and analysis plan must include the following elements:

   1. (A) Detailed procedures used to collect reliable samples from the ground water monitoring system including:

      1. (i) Equipment to be used to maintain a clean working area;
      2. (ii) Equipment utilized to purge wells and to extract samples from wells;
      3. (iii) Purge volumes and methods utilized to calculate purge volumes;
      4. (iv) Sample extraction procedures and containerization of samples;
      5. (v) Sample container labeling; and
      6. (vi) Sample chain of custody procedures;
   2. (B) Laboratory analytical procedures;
   3. (C) Sample collection and laboratory quality assurance/quality control procedures;
   4. (D) Ground water analytical data submittal procedures which shall include provisions for direct submittal of certified analytical results electronically from the approved third-party laboratory to the Division of Environmental Quality;

   5. (E)

      1. (i) A method for statistically evaluating ground water analytical data for significant changes must be selected.
      2. (ii) The method must be tailored to fit the hydrogeology of the site.
      3. (iii) For data quality assurance purposes, the statistical evaluation should be performed by a third party independent from the contract laboratory analyzing the ground water.;
   6. (F) Division of Environmental Quality notification procedures in the event that statistically significant increases in analytes are noted; and
   7. (G) A contingency plan must be developed which outlines the procedures to initiate an assessment monitoring program once confirmed statistically significant increases in analyte concentrations have been detected and the Division of Solid Waste Management has been notified.