53 A.2d 20 | Md. | 1947
The parties to this cause, Samuel Zukerberg and Sarah Zukerberg, were married on March 19, 1942. The husband was a widower with five children. The wife had never been married before, was just over forty years of age and had worked for ten years in a printing establishment. The husband is about two years older than the wife.
Sarah Zukerberg, hereinafter known as appellant, on November 8, 1943, filed a bill for permanent alimony against her husband, Samuel Zukerberg, hereinafter known as appellee, on the grounds of constructive desertion caused by her husband's cruelty. After hearing, Chancellor W. Conwell Smith in Circuit Court No. 2 of Baltimore City on January 11, 1944, passed a decree directing Samuel Zukerberg to pay unto the appellant as alimony the sum of $25 per week for the period of one year from the date of the decree, subject to further order of the Court.
On January 18, 1945, the appellant filed a petition asking that the order of January 11, 1944, for the payment of alimony be extended because the appellee had stopped payments. After testimony taken, Chancellor Eugene O'Dunne on February 15, 1945, decreed that the appellee pay the appellant as alimony the sum of $20 per week, subject to further order of the Court. On April 11, 1945 an appeal was noted by the appellee from that order. This appeal was later dismissed by the appellee.
On April 27, 1946 the appellee filed a bill of complaint in Circuit Court No. 2 for Baltimore City against the appellant, alleging that she deserted and abandoned him *431 on or about the 1st day of November, 1943. He alleged that although the parties had lived separate and apart since that date, he had made repeated efforts and offers of reconciliation in good faith to the appellant, which she had refused. He asked for a divorce a vinculo matrimonii and for other and further relief. After hearing on October 26, 1946, Chancellor Michael J. Manley signed a decree granting to the appellee, Samuel Zukerberg, a divorce a vinculo matrimonii from the appellant, Sarah Zukerberg. From that decree the appellant, Sarah Zukerberg, appeals to this Court.
Alimony can be awarded by equity courts in this State. Code, Article 16, § 14, provides: "The courts of equity of this State shall and may hear and determine all causes for alimony, in as full and ample manner as such causes could be heard and determined by the laws of England in the ecclesiastical courts there."
It is a well-known principle of law that alimony will not be awarded except on grounds which would be sufficient to grant a divorce a mensa et thoro or a vinculo matrimonii. Wendel v.Wendel,
In the case of Wise v. Wise,
The mere fact that a wife has obtained a divorce a mensa etthoro from her husband is not by itself sufficient defense to deny a husband a divorce a vinculo matrimonii from the wife, if her actions since the divorce a mensa et thoro are sufficient to entitle the husband to a divorce a vinculo matrimonii. Dicusv. Dicus,
As was said in the case of Kirkwood v. Kirkwood,
As it has been adjudicated that the husband was responsible for the separation of the parties up until February 15, 1945 and as the bill of complaint was filed in the instant case on April 27, 1946 and the length of time between these two dates does not amount to eighteen months, the appellee is not entitled to a divorce a vinculo matrimonii. Code, 1943 Supplement, Article 16, § 40.
It is provided by Code, Article 16, § 41, in part that: "* * * the court may decree a divorce a mensa et thoro in cases where a divorce a vinculo matrimonii is prayed, if the causes proved be sufficient to entitle the party to the same; * * *." Although the appellee in his brief did not ask for a divorce amensa et thoro, if a divorce a vinculo matrimonii could not be granted, he did ask for that relief in his argument in this Court. Wheeler v. Wheeler,
The question, therefore, for our decision is whether the testimony in the instant case is sufficient to show that the husband, after February 15, 1945, in good faith and free from improper qualifications and conditions, repented and proposed to renew the cohabitation with the intention that it would be carried out in accordance with the performance of the duties and obligations of matrimonial cohabitation and, if so, whether the wife refused *435 to accept such offers and return to her husband, so as to entitle the husband to a divorce a mensa et thoro.
The appellee claims that he wrote letters to his wife, called her numerous times on the telephone, went to see her on many occasions, pleaded with her to come back home, intended her to come back, rented an apartment at 1508 Eutaw Place, Baltimore City, and told her if that was not suitable, she could select another apartment. He also claims that he put five hundred dollars in bank in their joint names.
The appellant, on the other hand, claims that her husband sent her scurrilous clippings from newspapers and as late as June, 1945, transferred thirty-two properties to his brother with the intent to keep his wife from sharing in his estate at his death; that when he came to see her he always brought a third party to act as a witness; that his last telephone call was made in September, 1945; that the apartment which he offered her as a home on Eutaw Place is in a most undesirable neighborhood, although he was a man of means and owned a home at 3701 Garrison Avenue, which was in a much better neighborhood and completely furnished with furniture belonging to the appellee and the appellant. In May, 1945 she informed him that it was necessary for her to have a tonsil operation and requested him to pay the doctor's bill. He would not do this and said that she should pay it out of the alimony which he was paying her. Her brother paid this bill.
It does not appear to this Court that the husband was sincere in his offers for reconciliation or that they were made with the intent on his part to perform the duties and obligations of matrimonial cohabitation, and therefore his bill of complaint should be dismissed. He admits that he kept copies of letters which he wrote to her and said he did this because his wife would deny that he ever wrote them. This was hardly the action of a husband who sincerely desired reconciliation with his wife.Pitts v. Pitts, supra, 181 Md. at page 187,
Appellant claims that appellee never invited her to go with him to the theatre or motion picture show and never sent her candy or other small presents, although he was well able to do so. From the record in this case it is not surprising that the husband's second courtship of his wife was unsuccessful. We are of opinion that the decree should be reversed and the bill of complaint of the husband dismissed.
Decree reversed, with costs, and bill of complaint dismissed. *437