delivered the opinion of the court:
Plaintiff, the owner of a commercial budding, brought a forcible entry and detainer action against defendant. Defendant in his answer raised affirmative defenses alleging numerous breaches by plaintiff of her obligations under the lease and claiming that these breaches relieved him of his obligation to pay rent. Defendant was also given leave to file a counterclaim in which he requested money damages and equitable relief to prevent the termination of the lease. The co.urt found for plaintiff on all issues, and a judgment for possession and $2500 for overdue rent was entered on her behalf.
Defendant’s basic cоntentions on appeal are that (1) the findings of the trial court are against the manifest weight of the evidence, and (2) the court erred in refusing to-grant a jury trial on his counterclaim.
In August 1971 defendant, who is a real estate broker, leased a storefront office in- plaintiffs commercial building at 5782 North Lincoln Avenue аt a monthly rental of $300. The lease was for a term of 4 years with an option to renew for an additional 2 years. There was no express covenant imposing on plaintiff the duty to repair the premises. She was, however, required to provide and maintain the heating and air conditioning system. It was expressly prоvided that plaintiff was not to be held liable for damages suffered by defendant due to her failure to keep the premises or the building in good repair. *
In August 1973 defendant notified plaintiff in writing that the ceiling of his office’s bathroom was leaking. On December 3, 1973, a “Landlord’s Five Days’ Notice” was served on defendant. Payment of- $1300 in overdue rent was demanded. On December 14, 1973, defendant notified plaintiff, in writing, that he was prepared to pay all rent which was due if she would repair the premises. On January 17, 1974, plaintiff filed the instant forcible entry and detainer action. In his answer defendant raised the affirmative defense that he was relieved of his obligation to pay rent due to numerous breaches by plaintiff of her obligations under the lease. He alleged that she failed to repair leaks in the roof, pipes running through the ceiling of his office and defects in the heating and air conditioning system.
Defendant was given leave to file a counterclaim in which hе raised essentially the same factual allegations as appeared in his answer. He requested equitable relief in the form of an injunction to enjоin defendant from attempting to declare a forfeiture of the lease, and in a second count $5,000 as compensatory damages and $10,000 as punitivе damages. He did not dispute plaintiff s allegations as to nonpayment of rent.
At trial plaintiff called defendant as an adverse witness. He testified that subsequent to his being served with the 5 days’ notice, he met with plaintiff at his office. He told her, “as soon as these [leaks] are fixed or any attempt is made to fix them, I’ll pay the rent.” She replied, “Okay.” Although she promised to send a plumber to make repairs, one did not appear. Defendant and his employees cоntinued to occupy the premises. He did not pay any rent after receiving the 5 days’ notice.
Defendant was then called as a witness on his own behalf. He testified that he spent over $5,200 “fixing up’’ the office when he moved in.
Philip Kovalsky testified on behalf of defendant that he was present in December 1973 when defеndant promised plaintiff to pay the rent he owed if plaintiff would fix the leaks.
Plaintiff testified as a rebuttal witness on her own behalf that she sent a plumber to defendant’s office in December 1973 to fix the leaks, but he was refused admittance.
Opinion
Defendant did not question the amount of the money judgment for rent but requested equitable relief to prevent dispossession.
It was apparently defendant’s theory at trial that he was relieved of his duty to pay rent due to plaintiffs alleged violation of her obligations under the lease. In addition, he introduced evidence which, he asserts, demonstrated that subsequent to the issuance of the 5 days’ notice, he reached an agreement with plaintiff to pay rent only if she initiated repairs of the premises, and that he was at all times prepared to tender such rent upon fulfillment by plaintiff of her obligation under the agreement.
We believe that defendant completely misapprehended the lаw governing the landlord-tenant relationship. Although the supreme court in a landmark decision has held that in some instances a landlord’s breach of his covеnants under a lease may relieve a tenant of the obligation to pay rent, this holding was made applicable exclusively to “the occupancy of multiple dwelling units.” (Jack Spring, Inc. v. Little,
It has traditionally been held that a landlord is not contractually bound to repair or maintain leased premises unless he has exрressly agreed to do so by written covenants. (Moldenhauer v. Krynski,
In reality the factual situation presented in the instant case is the reverse of Little. Defendant, the tenant, a real estate broker, entered into a commercial lease with plaintiff, the landlord, a woman who, the record reveals, had little command of the English language. The lease included no express covenant to repair, and, as we noted above, even if one existed, plaintiff’s violation of it would not have justified the withholding of rent. Furthermore,, defendant’s asserted agreement with plaintiff to pay rent upon repair of the рremises is clearly unenforceable. From the foregoing it is clear that since defendant failed to unconditionally tender all the rent which was due, the сourt below was correct in finding for plaintiff on all issues. Chapman v. Woolsey,
Defendant also contends that the court erred in denying his request for a jury trial on his counterclaim. As made clear by the court’s finding, defendant’s counterclaim for damages was without basis by virtue of the nonliability of lessor clause of the leаse and thus did not even give rise to an issue which could be presented to a jury.
As to defendant’s equitable counterclaim, we note that, essentially, it sought to enjoin the actions of plaintiff. Since in actions of this nature there is no statutory right to a jury trial and, moreover, even if a jury is empaneled, it serves a purely advisory function, it is clear that defendant suffered no prejudice as a result of the court’s denial of his request for a jury trial. Fisher v. Burgiel,
The judgment entered below is affirmed.
Affirmed.
LORENZ and SULLIVAN, JJ., concur.
Notes
We note that the Landlord and Tenant Act has recently been amended to make void as against public policy such exculpatory clauses. See Ill. Rev. Stat. 1973, ch. 80, par. 91,