103 P.2d 52 | Kan. | 1940
The opinion of the court was delivered by
These are appeals by the state, on the relation of the attorney general, and by others, from the judgment of the district court of Marion county determining who are the heirs at law of Ellen Doyle, deceased, and arise in this way: Ellen Doyle, an elderly spinster, and a resident of Marion county, died March 12, 1935, intestate and without known heirs. Upon an application duly made to the probate court of that county an administrator was appointed. An inventory filed by him showed Ellen Doyle left real and personal property appraised at about $450,000. Most of this was in bonds, the market value of which was low at the time of the appraisement, but the market value of the bonds has improved until we are told the estate now is worth more than $700,000. Under
From these findings and judgment the state by the attorney general has appealed (No. 34,558), and, broadly speaking, contends
To aid this court in its work counsel have furnished us with more than 2,000 pages of printed abstracts and briefs, yet the questions argued are for the most part questions of fact. There are a few legal questions pertaining to the admissibility of evidence and to the legal effect of certain evidence admitted. There is also the legal question of whether the evidence was sufficient to support the judgments in favor of the successful claimants and the question whether the Young claimants had such an interest in the judgment in favor of the McGuan claimants as entitled them to appeal.
The facts which give rise to this last question apparently are not controverted, and may be stated as follows: Patrick Doyle and Mary McGuan were married at St. Louis, Mo., September 5, 1852. About 1871 they moved to Marion county, Kansas, and established
Our statutes pertinent to this question, in force at the time of the death of Ellen Doyle, read:
“If the intestate leave no issuej the whole of his estate shall go to his wife ; and if he leave no wife nor issue, the whole of his estate shall go to his parents.” (R. S. 22-119.)
“If one of his parents be dead, the whole of the estate shall go to the sur-' viving parent; and if both parents be dead, it shall be disposed of in the same manner as if they, or either of them, had outlived the intestate and died in the possession and ownership of the portion thus falling to their share, or to either of them, and so on through ascending ancestors and their issue.” (R. S. 22-120.)
This court had occasion to construe this statute in Russell v. Hallett, 23 Kan. 276, where it was held:
“If the intestate leave no issue or wife, and if both of his parents are dead, one-half of the estate goes to the heirs of the deceased father, and the other half to the heirs of the deceased mother.” (Syl. ¶ 2.)
This interpretation of the statute has been followed and approved in Tays v. Robinson, 68 Kan. 53, 55, 74 Pac. 623; Sparks v. Bodensick, 72 Kan. 5, 82 Pac. 463; Fuller v. Haynes, 86 Kan. 37, 119 Pac. 331; and in Genschorck v. Blumer, 136 Kan. 228, 14 P. 2d 722. It was also followed in Baird v. Yates, 108 Kan. 721, 196 Pac. 1077, where a child who had been adopted died, leaving no surviving spouse or descendants, but leaving a sum of money as his estate. His natural father was dead. His natural mother and his adopting
“. . . on death of such a child, intestate, and leaving neither wife nor issue, his surviving parents, by nature and by adoption, inherit his estate.” (Syl. ¶ 2.)
Later the parties united in a request for this court to indicate to the district court the specific judgment to be entered, and this court by an order, not printed in our reports, but printed in 200 Pac. 280, directed the district court “to distribute the fund in controversy, one-third” to each of the surviving parents. Counsel for appellant in No. 34,550, and counsel amici curiae, argue that this construction does not give effect to the words “or either of them” in the statute (G. S. 1935, 22-120). That particular point has been dealt with in Genschorck v. Blumer, supra, and earlier cases cited therein, and the court was unable to give any force to the quoted words. Our statutes above quoted originally were taken from Iowa — a fact repeatedly noted in our decisions above mentioned and adverted to in the briefs of counsel. The Iowa decisions accord with those of our state in being unable to give any force to the words “or either of them,” and also accord with our decisions in Russell v. Hallett, supra. See Bassil v. Loffer, 38 Ia. 451, 454; In re Estate of Parker, 97 Ia. 593, 67 N. W. 909; Lawley v. Keys, 172 Ia. 575, 154 N. W. 940; McAllister v. McAllister, 183 Ia. 245, 167 N. W. 78; In re Estate of Bradley, 210 Ia. 1013, 231 N. W. 661. We think it clear from these authorities that those who claim to be heirs of Ellen Doyle through her father cannot be entitled to more than one-half of her estate. Counsel for the Young claimants and amici curiae quote our constitution (art. 6, sec. 3):
“The proceeds of . . . all estates of persons dying without heir or will, . . . shall be a perpetual school fund, . . . inviolably appropriated to the suppoi't of common schools.”
They point to the word “heir,” say it is used in the singular number, and argue if a decedent leaves one heir, no matter how that heirship is traced, none of the estate passes into the state’s school fund. This argument is without force for several reasons: (1) We are not concerned here, or at most only indirectly, with what part, if any, of the estate of Ellen Doyle passes to the perpetual school fund: The primary question before us is whether the claimants have shown by proof that they are heirs of Ellen Doyle under our statute per
It is a fundamental rule that one who has no particular interest in a judgment rendered by a court, and who is not prejudiced by it, cannot appeal therefrom. (DaLee v. Blackburn, 11 Kan. 190; Payne v. National Bank, 16 Kan. 147; McLeod v. Palmer, 96 Kan. 159, 150 Pac. 535; Cox v. Stambaugh, 96 Kan. 684, 153 Pac. 513; 2 Am. Jur. 938; 4 C. J. S. 353, 356.)
Our conclusion is that the appeal of the Young claimants from the judgment in favor of the McGuan claimants should be dismissed. It is so ordered. This does not mean, however, that we will not consider evidence shown by the abstract in this appeal which has a bearing upon whether the court should have rendered judgment in favor of the McGuan claimants; this, for the reason that all of these claims were treated as part of one case, and the evidence, irrespective of who introduced it, or whether it supported or tended to defeat the claim of any group of claimants, was necessarily considered by the trial court and will be considered here.
The Young claimants in the district court moved to dismiss the appeal from the probate court of the McGuan claimants, contending it had not been taken in the manner provided by law. That motion was overruled. The Young claimants contend that was error. Irrespective of their right to raise that question, we take notice of it because it is a question that goes to the jurisdiction of the district court to hear the claim of the McGuan claimants. A question of jurisdiction of the court is one which may and should
We now take up the specific appeals, and first that of the state, on the relation of the attorney general (No. 34,558), and examine the record to see if there is substantial, competent evidence to support the findings and judgment of the trial court in favor of the Young claimants, who traced their relationship as heirs of Ellen Doyle through her father, and in favor of the McGuan claimants, who traced their relationship as heirs of Ellen Doyle through her mother. If the judgment of the trial court in favor of these two groups of claimants is sustained, its judgment denying claims of other appellants also must be sustained, for their claims are predicated upon other evidence tending to show facts which differ from and are inconsistent with those which support the judgments in favor of the successful claimants. However, since all claims were heard as one case, the trial court, in reaching its decision, necessarily considered evidence offered in behalf of all claimants, and we must do so in considering the questions presented by the state’s appeal.
The Young claimants traced their relationship as heirs at law of Ellen Doyle through her father, Patrick Doyle. The evidence tending to support their claim may be summarized as follows: Patrick Doyle was born in County Carlow, Ireland, November 1, 1816. He was baptized by the Catholic priest at Bagenalstown, Ireland, January 14, 1820. Respecting this the parish church record reads:
“Parish of Bagenalstown, Diocese of Kildare & Leighlin:
“It appears from the Register of Baptisms of above Parish that Patrick Doyle of John Doyle and Judith Brenan was born on the ........................ day of ...................................., and baptized according to the rite of the Catholic Church*32 on the 14th day of Jan., 1820, by the Rev. ...,................................................. the Sponsors being Oliver Rafter and Judy Quin.”
After the death of Ellen Doyle her administrator found among the effects in her house an old memorandum book, on the flyleaf of which was written:
“Florence June 7, 1874, Patrick Doyle, Balanakill, County Carlow, Ireland, Bagenalstown.”
A census of the Catholic church at Florence, taken in 1888, listed:
“The name: Patrick Doyle; The parents’ name: John Doyle and Mrs. Judith Doyle; Residence: Florence, Kansas; Last previous residence: St. Louis, Missouri; Occupation: Farmer; Country of birth: Carlow County, Ireland; Age: 72.”
After the death of Ellen Doyle, and a few months before the hearing in probate court, the priest then in charge of the Catholic church at Florence added to this census record the word “Brennan,” indicating the mother of Patrick Doyle was Judith Brennan Doyle, and added the word “Bagenalstown,” as indicating the city or parish of the birth of Patrick Doyle. Counsel for the state, and for some of the other claimants, object to these additions to the record being received in evidence. We think the ruling admitting them was not erroneous. The evidence disclosed that when such records are not as complete as they might be the same priest who made them, or his successor, may and should make additions thereto when furnished information which he deems reliable. The additions were so made in this case. The court’s ruling on this point cannot be detrimental to those who complain of it, for there is an abundance of other evidence that the maiden name of the mother of Patrick Doyle was Judith Brennan, and that he was born at Balanakill, in the parish of Bagenalstown, County Carlow, Ireland. Indeed, there is evidence which the trial court deemed persuasive that the full maiden name of Patrick Doyle’s mother was Judith Ann Brennan, although there is some conflict and some discrepancies in the testimony upon that point, all of which it was the function of the trial court to weigh.
Since it is involved in several of the claims, we take note of the pertinent church history. The evidence showed the Catholic church records were not kept in the Parish of Bagenalstown prior to 1820. In the Parish of Leighlenbridge records of births were kept from 1783 to October, 1786, then none were kept until 1819. This was because of severe religious persecution of Catholics in that area,
Patrick Doyle came to the United States perhaps sometime in the 1840’s. He was married to Mary McQuin at St. Louis, Mo., September 5,1852, by a Catholic priest, as shown by the parish records, and died at Florence, Kan., March 23, 1911. There was evidence that Patrick Doyle had two brothers and one sister who died without leaving issue; that he also had a sister Elizabeth, also known as Betty Doyle, who married Michael Young, and who left descendants, who are claimants here; also that he had a sister, Ann Doyle, who married Michael Kelly and who left one descendant, who is a claimant here. There is no controversy over the tracing of the descendants of Elizabeth Young and Ann Doyle Kelly. There was a real controversy in the trial court as to whether Elizabeth Doyle Young and Ann Doyle Kelly were sisters of Patrick Doyle. There is no parish church record of the baptism of Elizabeth Doyle. There is a parish record of her marriage to Michael Young, February 16, 1857, and of her death, February 21, 1908. Her death certificate states that she was ninety years of age. This would make the date of her birth in 1818, hence, the absence of a parish record of her baptism is not important.
The evidence tends to show that Ann Doyle lived for a time in England, where she met and married Michael Kelly. Their first child was born in England. A descendent of this child is one of the claimants. They came to America and lived in Canada for a few years, where their second child, Thomas Kelly, was born, and then settled in Grand Traverse county, Michigan, where they lived until her death, March 10, 1899, and his death in 1906. There is testimony that for several years prior to 1893 Patrick Doyle corresponded with his sister, Ann Doyle Kelly, in Michigan. Alwilda Cain Kelly, the widow of Thomas Kelly, son of Ann Doyle Kelly, testified she saw and read many of those letters and talked with her mother-in-law, Ann Doyle Kelly, about them. In 1893 Patrick Doyle went alone to the World’s Fair at Chicago and went on to Michigan and visited his sister, Ann Doyle Kelly. On meeting her he said, “I would have known you if I would have met you in New
The principal objection to this conclusion, made by the state and some of the other appellants, arises from the fact that the parish church records do not show an Elizabeth Doyle, or an Ann Doyle, baptized, who was a daughter of John Doyle and Judith Brennan. We have already pointed out that, computed from the certificate of her death, shown by the church record, this Elizabeth Doyle was born in 1818, when no church records of baptisms were being kept. Depositions taken in Ireland show parish records of the baptism of one Betty Doyle, daughter of John Doyle and Anne Bryan, of the date of April 26, 1826. This was eight years after the birth of Elizabeth Doyle Young, and must have been the baptismal record of another person.
The date of the birth of Ann Doyle Kelly, computed from her death certificate, is September 5, 1828. This was a time when an effort was being made to keep records of baptisms, but the evidence disclosed that many times such records were not made, even when the child was baptized. The very strong evidence of Patrick Doyle’s recognition and treatment of Ann Doyle Kelly as his sister is not conclusively disputed by the absence of the parish record of her baptism. There is a parish record of the baptism of an Anne Doyle, daughter of John Doyle and Anne Bryan, on the date of September 15, 1823. This was five years before Ann Doyle Kelly was born, computing her birth from her age as given in her death certificate, and must have been the baptismal record of another person. The information contained in this death certificate was furnished by her son, Thomas Kelly. It states that her parents were John Doyle and Anne Doyle, but it also states she was born in England, which is contrary to all the other evidence on that point. The court very well might have concluded that Thomas Kelly, in giving the information for the death certificate, was well informed as to the age of his mother, for it is stated in years, months and days, but that he was not well informed as to the place of her birth or the Christian
The appeals of other claimants, who endeavored to trace their relationship as heirs at law of Ellen Doyle through her father, may be disposed of briefly. In No. 34,560 claimants’ testimony tended to show the maiden name of the mother of Patrick Doyle was Margaret Ryan. This is supported only by the testimony of a few witnesses who at one time or another had talked briefly with some member of the Doyle family. It is in conflict with much documentary and parol evidence received in the case. In No. 34,561 claimants argue that Patrick Doyle had no sister and but one brother, who died in infancy; that Elizabeth Doyle Young and Ann Doyle Kelly were not sisters of Patrick Doyle; hence, they trace back one generation 'to a common ancestor for their family tree. The theory that Patrick Doyle had no sisters, named Elizabeth and Ann, is predicated solely on church parish records of baptisms, which we previously have discussed. It is conceded these claimants cannot recover if the judgment in favor of the Young claimants is sustained. In No. 34,566 claimants also argue that Patrick Doyle had no sister and but one brother, basing this-solely on the church parish records, which we previously have discussed. They go back another generation and present evidence tending to support another family tree. Since we are affirming the judgment in favor of the
We now take up the state’s appeal from the judgment of the trial court in favor of the McGuan claimants. They trace their relationship as heirs at law of Ellen Doyle through her mother, whose maiden name was Mary McGuan. The record discloses great variety in the spelling of the surname, all of which pertain to the same family, or some one of its members. We need not bother with these varied spellings. The parish church records show she was born September 7, 1824, and that she was the daughter of Farrell Mc-Guan and Ellen Flanagan McGuan. The parish church records and depositions taken in Ireland show that she had one sister, Brigid,
In this connection we note the contention of Alice L. Flaherty, claimant, appellant in No. 34,551. Her testimony was to the effect that her father, of whom she is the only descendant, was a half-brother to Mary McGuan Doyle; that Ellen Flanagan McGuan, the mother of Mary McGuan Doyle, outlived her husband, Farrell Mc-Guan, Sr., by approximately thirty years; that she married a second time, and that this claimant’s father was a son and the only child of that marriage. This contention is based entirely upon the testimony of the claimant. No records of any kind were offered in support of it. Evidence taken in Ireland on behalf of the successful McGuan claimants disclosed that Ellen Flanagan Farrell did live several years after the death of her husband, but the evidence also was positive that she never married again, and that for many years before her death she made her home with her son, Farrell McGuan, Jr. We think the court was justified, under the evidence, in denying the claim of Alice L. Flaherty. There was an abundance of substantial, competent evidence to support the claim of the McGuan claimants. Therefore, the judgment in their favor for one-half of the Ellen Doyle estate is affirmed.
In its conclusion of facts the court found “that the only known paternal heirs of Ellen Doyle, deceased, are . . . ,” 'naming them. (Italics ours.) The same language was used respecting the maternal heirs. Counsel for the state, as appellant, argue this is not a finding “who are the heirs,” as required by G. S. 1935, 22-904. The point is not well taken. Colloquy between court and counsel indicate the court’s view that the legal meaning of the phrase is the
Error is predicated upon the order overruling the state’s motion for a new trial, but this presents no question not previously discussed.
For reasons stated in the opinion the appeal in No. 34,550 should be dismissed, and in each of the other appeals the judgment of the trial court should be affirmed. It is so ordered.