179 A. 893 | Pa. Super. Ct. | 1935
Argued March 15, 1935. The York County Agricultural Society filed a bill asking for an injunction restraining the County of York, City of York, Borough of West York, Township of West Manchester, and the school districts of that city, borough, and township, the treasurer of the County of York, and various tax collectors of the named municipalities from collecting, or attempting to collect, taxes, penalties, and costs assessed against the real estate of plaintiff for the years 1928, 1929, and 1930. The cause proceeded to final hearing when the bill was dismissed and this appeal was taken. The appellant contends that its real estate is exempted from taxation by *87 the Special Act of April 4, 1868, P.L. 716, and further that if that act is not available to it, in any event, its real estate is relieved from taxation by virtue of the general laws of the state exempting certain real estate used for religious and charitable purposes. We agree with the court below that, if the appellant is entitled to any relief, it is by virtue of the general law and not by the Act of 1868.
The Act of 1868 exempted from taxation the real and personal estate owned by the agricultural societies of York County and a number of other counties and declared that they should not be subject to taxation for state, county, municipal, or other purposes. The Act of April 8, 1873, P.L. 64 (
Sections 1 and 2 of Article IX of the present constitution of this Commonwealth providing that all taxes shall be uniform, excepting as the General Assembly may by general laws provide with reference to actual places of religious worship, places of burial, institutions of purely public charity, and real and personal property of posts and camps of soldiers, etc., and that "all laws exempting property from taxation, other than the property above enumerated shall be void," do not "execute themselves so as to repeal any existing laws providing for the assessment and collection of taxes. These sections, like many others, merely impose restrictions on future legislation, when it shall thereafter be enacted:" Coatesville Gas Co. v. County of Chester,
This position is materially strengthened by the facts that after the present constitution was adopted and the Act of 1874 was passed by the legislature providing a general law with relation to exemptions of real estate from taxation, in accordance with the provisions of the constitution, not only was the charter amended three times, but in 1897 the York County Agricultural Society surrendered its charter and received a new charter under the same name, pursuant to the provisions of the Act of June 14, 1887, P.L. 383 (15 PS 1221), thereby receivingbenefits, particularly the right of eminent domain for the purpose of appropriating lands necessary for the purpose of its incorporation. While the Act of June 13, 1883, P.L. 122 (15 PS 401, et seq.), specifically provided that, in case of amendments to corporations of the second class, they should be made subject to an acceptance of the provisions of the constitution, the Supreme Court in the case of Meadville Theo. School v. Hempstead,
Section 5 of the act of 1887 (15 PS 1225), which preserved to the corporation certain of its privileges, franchises, and powers, was not intended to embrace such privileges as may have been extended to the corporation voluntarily by the Act of 1868, for to do so *90 would have nullified the effect of sections 2 and 10 of Article XVI of the constitution read with Article IX. It will be noted that the Act of 1868 was subsequent to the amendment to the constitution of 1838 made in 1857 covering the same subject. To such situation the rule of the Dartmouth College case does not apply.
"The language of the constitutional amendment of 1857 is that the legislature may alter or revoke any charter whenever `in their opinion it may be injurious.' The same language is repeated in the present constitution, article XVI, § 10. Exemption from taxation is a subject of inherent public interest. It is a diminution of the supreme prerogative of the state to raise the revenue necessary to its existence. It is at all times a legislative question, and we do not see how the right of the legislature to determine whether, in any particular class of cases, an exemption is `injurious to the commonwealth,' can be doubted; and by the first section of article IX of the constitution, the legislature is imperatively restricted to dealing with it by general laws. We think it clear, therefore, that the legislature, under the authority reserved by the constitution of 1857, could at any time repeal the exemption in the plaintiff's charter, and do so by a general law": Wagner Institute v. Phila., supra, p. 615.
It follows that the rights of the plaintiff to exemption from assessment and collection of taxes must be determined by the general act of July 17, 1919, as amended, and it becomes necessary to refer to the facts found by the chancellor. The York County Agricultural Society was organized in 1852 and incorporated April 28, 1855. The charter was amended in 1859, 1876, 1881, and 1893. A more radical change was made in 1897, the facts found by the court with reference thereto being as follows: "At a meeting of the members of the plaintiff corporation held May 12, 1897, it was resolved that the Society, in accordance with the provisions of the Act *91 of June 14, 1887, P.L. 383, accepted the said Act and its provisions and that the then present Charter of the corporation be surrendered for the purpose of acquiring all the privileges, immunities and franchises of corporations incorporated thereunder for the encouragement of the arts and sciences and of original agriculture and horticulture, and the President and Secretary were authorized and directed to make the necessary certificate required by the said Act and to file the same with the Secretary of the Commonwealth for the purpose of having Letters Patent issued to said corporation. The proper certificate having been filed in the Office of the Secretary of the Commonwealth on June 18, 1897, the Governor granted Letters Patent June 18, 1897, as provided by said Act of June 14, 1887, P.L. 383." The plaintiff has carried on the purposes of its incorporation by holding fairs since 1888 on a single tract of land containing about one hundred acres, located in the four municipalities. On these grounds there are erected a horticultural hall, main exhibition hall, school exhibition hall, two poultry halls, cattle barns, hog pens, sheep barns, horse barns, stables, race track, and grand stand.
It seems to be conceded, and correctly so, by all concerned that the land, if not operated for profit and used exclusively
for an educational purpose such as agricultural and horticultural exhibits and the exhibiting of horses, cattle, pigs, sheep and the like and numerous other activities usually found at a county fair, is then entitled to exemption from taxation: Nat. Farm School v. Commissioners of Bucks County,
If the plaintiff is, in fact, entitled to a partial exemption only, equity does not have jurisdiction. "As part of the property is not exempt from taxation it follows that the bill in equity was rightly dismissed:" Laymen's Week-end R.L. of Philadelphia v. Butler, supra, p. 6. The remedy of plaintiff, if any, was an appeal from the tax assessment: Dougherty v. Phila., supra; Dougherty v. City of Phila., *93
We are all of the opinion that the remedy, if any, of the plaintiff is on the law side of the court through the channels provided by the legislature.
The order is affirmed and the appellant is directed to pay the costs. *94