78 S.E.2d 494 | Ga. | 1953
WRIGHT
v.
THE STATE.
Supreme Court of Georgia.
*216 A. M. Kelly, Jere Field, J. E. Briscoe, Jr., William L. Preston, H. O. Godwin, for plaintiff in error.
D. M. Pollock, Solicitor-General, Eugene Cook, Attorney-General, Rubye G. Jackson, contra.
CANDLER, Justice.
(After stating the foregoing facts.) 1. It is alleged in special ground 1 of the motion for new trial that the court erred in admitting, over the defendant's objection, certain clothing of the accused, namely, a pair of blue denim work pants. Concerning this, Sheriff Sorrells testified: "These clothes here belong to Paul, they were the ones he had on at the time. I delivered them to Mr. Shoffeitt to analyse at their laboratory. I came home and got him some more clothes and carried them back to Fulton Tower and took these off him and carried them over to the laboratory." It does not appear from the record that the accused objected to the removal of his clothing by the sheriff. "Where a defendant, after his arrest, allows his shoes *217 or other apparel to be removed by the officers, without objection, or voluntarily removes the same, it is not error to allow such evidence to be introduced, nor is it in violation of any constitutional right of the defendant." Johns v. State, 178 Ga. 676 (1) (173 S.E. 917). For like holdings, see Franklin v. State, 69 Ga. 36 (3) (47 Am. R. 748); Drake v. State, 75 Ga. 413; Myers v. State, 97 Ga. 76 (6) (25 S.E. 252); Johns v. State, 180 Ga. 187 (9) (178 S.E. 707); Shepherd v. State, 203 Ga. 635 (3) (47 S.E.2d 860). There is no merit in this ground of the motion.
2. Special ground 2 of the motion complains about the allowance in evidence of a written confession which the accused signed on April 29, 1953. It was timely objected to by counsel for the defendant, as the record reveals, upon the following ground: "We object on the ground that it was not freely and voluntarily made. It was made at Fulton Tower in the presence of the solicitor, a G. B. I. officer, and the sheriff. It is simply a followup of a statement made earlier to Mr. Haralson when he [the accused] asked to get a drink of water." It is not insisted or argued that the written confession was improperly induced at the time it was obtained, but its inadmissibility is based upon a contention that prior improper influence had been exerted by certain officers in obtaining from the accused an oral confession, and that such improper influence was still operating on his mind at the time he signed the written confession. This contention is untenable. The question as to whether a confession, unexceptionable in itself, was made under previous undue influence still operating on the mind of the defendant, is not a question of law for the court, to be resolved by excluding such evidence, but is a question of fact for the jury. Pines v. State, 21 Ga. 227; Valentine v. State, 77 Ga. 470 (3), 480; Milner v. State, 124 Ga. 86 (52 S.E. 302); Jackson v. State, 172 Ga. 575 (158 S.E. 289); Bryant v. State, 191 Ga. 686 (13 S.E.2d 820); Jones v. State, 204 Ga. 761 (51 S.E.2d 831). But in this ruling we make no intimation about the voluntary or involuntary character of the oral confession referred to, as that question is not before us; it became, as the record shows, a part of the evidence without any objection.
3. In special ground 3 it is alleged that "the court erred in failing to charge on the law of voluntary manslaughter." The movant incorporated in this ground of his motion certain portions *218 of the evidence which he insists support him in the position taken. Code § 6-901, provides that exceptions "shall specify plainly the decision complained of and the alleged error." This ground of the motion is too vague and indefinite to meet the requirement. "A ground in a motion for new trial, in a conviction for murder, that `the court erred in not giving in charge to the jury the law of voluntary manslaughter' is `too vague and indefinite an assignment of error to raise any question for determination by this Court.' Smith v. State, 125 Ga. 300 (54 S.E. 124); Wilson v. State, 156 Ga. 42 (118 S.E. 427), and cit.; Burley v. State, 158 Ga. 849 (3) (124 S.E. 532); Harris v. State, 178 Ga. 746 (3) (174 S.E. 240); Parham v. State, 180 Ga. 233 (2) (178 S.E. 648); Bryant v. State, 180 Ga. 238 (178 S.E. 651)." Harris v. State, 184 Ga. 165 (190 S.E. 554). For such a ground to be sufficiently definite it should plainly specify wherein voluntary manslaughter was involved, whether by reason of an assault, other equivalent circumstances, or by mutual combat. Pitts v. State, 197 Ga. 317 (28 S.E.2d 864), and citations.
4. There is no merit in the general grounds of the motion for new trial. The State's evidence, as it appears from our statement of the facts, proved the crime of murder as charged in the indictment; and this is true because a confession of guilt, when freely and voluntarily made, is direct evidence of the highest character (Eberhart v. State, 47 Ga. 598; Pressley v. State, 201 Ga. 267, 39 S.E.2d 478); and when corroborated by proof of the corpus delicti, as in this case, it is sufficient to authorize a conviction. Code § 38-420; Burns v. State, 188 Ga. 22 (3) (2 S.E.2d 627); Moore v. State, 193 Ga. 877 (20 S.E.2d 403); Reddick v. State, 202 Ga. 209 (42 S.E.2d 742), and cases there cited.
For the reasons stated in the preceding divisions of this opinion, the judgment complained of is not erroneous.
Judgment affirmed. All the Justices concur.