252 Pa. 325 | Pa. | 1916
Opinion by
This is an action of trespass to recover damages for
Tbe story of tbe plaintiff, as told by him on tbe witness stand, is that shortly after six o’clock on tbe evening of April 15, 1912, be was riding a bicycle west on the. north side of Diamond street, Philadelphia. When be approached Seventeenth street, be saw an automobile facing east and standing in front of tbe bouse at the southwest corner of tbe two streets. He proceeded to cross Seventeenth street and when be bad almost reached tbe curb on tbe west side of tbe street he beard some person call “lookout tbe road,” and just as be turned bis bead to see who was calling him tbe rear wheel of tbe bicycle was struck by tbe defendant’s automobile and be was thrown to the pavement and injured. He denies that tbe front wheel of bis bicycle struck tbe curb on tbe north side of Diamond street, and says that the automobile struck bis wheel before be bad reached tbe curb. He beard no signal that the automobile was approaching him. Mr. Bauer, a witness for tbe plaintiff,.saw tbe accident. He testified that be was riding a three-wheel motorcycle east on tbe south side of Diamond street, and when about half way down tbe block saw an automobile standing at tbe southwest corner of Seventeenth and Diamond streets. He continued traveling slowly, looking to tbe northeast to see if any street car was coming down Seventeenth street, and saw tbe plaintiff coming slowly along tbe north side of Diamond street on a bicycle, close to tbe curb. When tbe witness was within about forty feet of tbe west curb line of Seventeenth street be saw tbe automobile start as if to make a quick turn. Tbe rear wheel of tbe plaintiff’s bicycle was then just about crossing tbe west rail of tbe street car track on Seventeenth street. Tbe right front wheel of tbe
The defendant testified that he stopped his machine in front of his residence at the corner of Seventeenth and Diamond streets and his wife and daughter got out of the machine which was then pointing to the east. He started to turn his machine to go west on Diamond street, and in doing so he crossed the street car track on Seventeenth street. He then saw the plaintiff one hundred feet distant on the north side of Diamond street close to the curb. He pulled in front of the plaintiff who shot between him and the curb, struck the curb on the northwest corner of Seventeenth and Diamond streets and fell under the bicycle. He further testified that as soon as the plaintiff’s bicycle struck the curb, then four feet in front of the defendant, he had his foot on the brake and swerved his automobile to the right. He says that his machine did not touch the plaintiff but after the latter fell the right front axle of his machine struck the bicycle. Defendant also says that he blew his horn before starting to make the turn in the street. The defendant’s other witnesses testified that the plaintiff came up from behind the defendant and endeavored to pass the defendant ón the right or curb side, and that the bicycle ran into the curb. Mr. Smith, one of defendant’s witnesses, testified, inter alia, that the first thing which attracted his attention was when the left front wheel of the automobile was between the two rails of the Seventeenth street car track and the machine was going east making the turn. The rear wheel had not crossed the west rail of the track as yet and the defendant was in the center of his turn. The defendant immediately finished mak
The learned trial judge charged the jury that if they were convinced that Wright, the plaintiff, passed to- the right of the automobile, struck the curb and fell off, the defendant was not responsible for his fall, and the verdict should be for the defendant. This is the subject of the first assignment of error. He also instructed the jury as follows: “Vehicles approaching each other in opposite directions, pass to the right, but when going in the same direction, it is the duty of the one in the rear, overtaking the one in front, to pass to the left of the one in front. If Dr. Mitchell was facing west and the bicycle was behind the automobile, it was the duty of the plaintiff, if he intended to pass Dr. Mitchell, to pass on the left side of the automobile instead of trying to cut in to the right.” This instruction constitutes the third assignment of error.
We think, under the testimony in the case, that these instructions were at least inadequate, if not erroneous, and may have misled the jury. Conceding it to be the duty generally of the driver of one vehicle, overtaking another vehicle, to pass to the left of the one in front, yet the circumstances of the particular case may be such as to justify him in passing to the right of the one which precedes him. Unless there is a statute or municipal regulation to the contrary, one overtaking and passing another may pass on either side, using proper caution, and keeping a safe distance behind when not passing. The leading team may travel anywhere it pleases, using, however, due care: 37 Cyc. 272. It necessarily follows that if the leading team should use the left side of the highway, leaving insufficient space for the rear team to pass, the latter may pass to the right. If for any other reason, such as the obstruction of the highway on the left of the leading team by other teams proceeding in the opposite direction, so as to prevent a passage to the left
The plaintiff contends, as alleged in the first assignment, that the court erred in charging the jury that if Wright passed to the right of the automobile, struck the curb and fell off his bicycle, the defendant is not respon- ' sible for his fall, and the verdict should be for the defendant. This would depend upon whether the defend
The view we take of the case does not require us to consider the other assignments of error. The first and third assignments are sustained, and the judgment is reversed with a venire facias de novo.