114 S.W. 165 | Tex. App. | 1908
This suit was by Deaver as county judge of Red River County, for the use and benefit of A. L. Robbins, county attorney of said county, against T. Theo. Thompson, as a former justice of the peace for said county, and John G. Wright and S. H. Grant, as the sureties on his (Thompson's) official bond. It was alleged in the petition that Thompson as justice of the peace had collected as costs due to Robbins as county attorney, sums aggregating $373.25 and converted same to his own use. Thompson answered, pleading payment of $23.25 of the sum claimed and confessing liability for the balance of $350. Wright and Grant answered by a general denial and, among other things set up as a defense, alleged, in effect: (1) That Robbins knowing that Thompson had collected and failed to pay over to him costs due him, had neglected to notify them of the fact; and (2) that without their consent, after said costs had been collected and were due and payable to him by Thompson, Robbins had agreed with Thompson to extend the time for the payment of the same to a "fixed and definite time" unknown to them, in consideration of Thompson's undertaking to pay said Robbins ten percent per annum interest on the sum due him. Exceptions to the special matter specified were sustained by the court. The trial resulted in a verdict and judgment in favor of Deaver, for the use and benefit of Robbins, against Thompson, Wright and Grant for the sum of $350, and in favor of Wright and Grant, on their prayer therefor in such an event, over against Thompson for a like sum. The appeal is prosecuted by Wright and Grant alone. *132
We think the trial court did not err in sustaining the exceptions to the answer, in so far as they applied to the allegations that Robbins, knowing Thompson had collected and neglected to pay over the costs, had failed to notify the sureties of the fact. Such knowledge on the part of Robbins, and failure to notify the sureties thereof, would not be a defense to the suit. 1 Brandt on Suretyship and Guaranty (3d ed.), sec. 272; Halletsville v. Long, 11 Texas Civ. App. 180[
But in sustaining exceptions to that part of the answer setting up as a defense to the suit as against the sureties, that Robbins, without their consent, had agreed with Thompson, in consideration of the latter's undertaking to pay him interest on the sum due, to let Thompson retain the money until a definite time in the future agreed upon between them, the court, we think, erred. It is well settled that such an agreement between parties to a private contract will discharge sureties who otherwise would be bound for its performance. 1 Brandt on Suretyship and Guaranty, sec. 376; Benson v. Phipps,
In appellant's brief it is asserted that after the exceptions urged to the portion in question of the answer were sustained, appellants were granted leave to amend and did amend by interlineations in the pleading excepted to, and so cured the defects pointed out in the exceptions. But we can pass on the case only as it is made by the record. It does *133 not show such an amendment to have been so made. On the contrary, it appears the exceptions to the portions of the answer recited were sustained, and by this we are bound.
Appellants requested the court to charge the jury as follows:
"I charge you, gentlemen of the jury, that if you believe from the evidence that Theo. Thompson, as justice of the peace, Precinct No. 3, Red River County, Texas, collected money which belongs to the said A. L. Robbins as fees in criminal cases pending in his court, and if you further believe that the said Thompson spent said money for himself, yet I charge you that if you believe that he spent said money by the consent of the said A. L. Robbins, you will find for the defendants Wright and Grant."
The court refused to so instruct the jury, and appellants urge that such refusal was error.
In addition to allegations in their answer hereinbefore referred to, appellants alleged that Robbins, with knowledge that the costs due him had been collected by Thompson, agreed that the latter might retain and use same. Thompson testified that when he remarked to Robbins that he (Thompson) was "behind some with the county attorney's office," Robbins replied: "That is all right, Theo, use every dollar of it if you need it."
We think the issue suggested by the instructions requested arose on the pleadings and evidence referred to, and agree that it was error to refuse the charge requested. If, after Thompson had collected the costs in question, Robbins waived his right to have same paid over to him and agreed that Thompson might use the money for his own benefit, such waiver and agreement we think should, as to the sureties, be treated as a loan of the money by Robbins to Thompson. If it should be so treated, then it should be held to operate as a discharge of the sureties. "As a general rule," says Brandt (2 Suretyship and Guaranty, sec. 641), "the sureties on an official bond will be discharged by any authorized dealings between the principal and the obligee which varies their situation or increases their risk. Thus, where a constable collected money on an execution and tendered it to the creditor, who did not take it, but told the constable he might keep it for several weeks or months, it was held the sureties on the constable's bond were discharged from all liability on account of such money. The court said: 'The effect of letting the money remain in the hands of the constable, whether it be considered a loan or accommodation, placed the plaintiff in execution and the constable in a new relation, to which the surety was neither privy nor party. The plaintiff should not have been liberal at the expense of the security. . . . The plaintiff in agreeing to leave the money in the officer's hands, in effect loans him the money, puts the security in great jeopardy and seriously injures him.' " Hill v. Kemble, 9 Calif., 72, was a case similar to the one from which Brandt quotes. There one Haycock as constable, on an execution in favor of one Hill, collected $217. Haycock placed the money in his safe and notified Hill it was ready for him. Hill replied that he had no use for the money and that Haycock could use it if he wished to do so. Haycock afterwards did use it, and when Hill demanded same was unable to pay it. In affirming a judgment in favor of Haycock's sureties, the Supreme Court of *134 California said: "The sureties upon the official bond of an officer are only responsible for his official acts, and not for private debts he may contract on his individual account. From the time when plaintiff (Hill) declined to receive the money collected on his execution and gave the officer permission to use it, it became a loan, for which the officer was individually responsible."
The judgment of the court below will be reversed and the cause will be remanded for a new trial.
Reversed and remanded.