79 N.Y.S. 52 | N.Y. App. Div. | 1902
The complaint avers, among other things, “ that it was at all the times hereinafter mentioned, and still is, the law of the State of Illinois that whenever any person or persons, being or pretending to be officers or agents or directors of any stock corporation or pretended stock corporation organized or pretended to be organized under the laws of the State of Illinois, assume to exercise corporate powers or use the name of any such corporation or pretended corporation, without first filing, or causing to be filed on behalf of such corporation or pretended corporation, in the office of the recorder of deeds of the county where the principal office of such corporation or pretended corporation is located, a certificate of the complete organization of the said corporation, issued by the Secretary of State of the State of Illinois, such persons are jointly and severally liable for all debts and liabilities made or contracted by them in the name of such corporation or pretended corporation; and that such liability may be enforced against such persons in an action at law, brought against them or any of them in any court of competent jurisdiction, by any person with whom such debt shall have been contracted;” that at all the times in the said complaint mentioned, the defendants pretended to be officers and agents and directors of a pretended stock corporation organized under the laws of the State of Illinois, and that they did assume to exercise corporate powers and to use the name of the said pretended corporation without having filed, or caused to be filed on behalf of the said corporation, a certificate required by law to be filed in the office of the recorder of deeds in the county wherein the principal office of such company was located;
The complaint further avers for a second cause of action a liability^ based upon the facts alleged in the first cause of action, upon a certain draft or bill of exchange, which, the complaint avers, was drawn by the defendant Griesser, acting for and on behalf of said pretended corporation and for the defendants, wherein and whereby the said defendants and the said Griesser directed the payees therein to pay to the plaintiff the sum of $678.21; that said draft or bill of exchange was duly presented to the payees named therein, but that neither the said defendants, nor the said pretended corporation, nor the defendant Griesser, had in the hands of the payees funds sufficient for the payment of the same, and payment was thereupon refused, of all of which the defendants received due notice, and for which sum plaintiff demands judgment. The ground of the decision of the learned court below rested upon the fact that the complaint did not aver the time when the statute was adopted creating the liability against the defendants, or when the corporation of which the defendants pretended to be officers was organized; that it did not appear that the statute as set forth in the complaint was retroactive, or that it applied to any corporation duly organized before its enactment; that it was essential to aver in the complaint that such statute applied to a corporation theretofore organized, or thereafter organized, and that in either event it was necessary that the complaint should contain averments showing that the pretended corporation was embraced within and subject to the terms and provisions of the act. It is evident that the learned court below regarded the effect of the averments of the complaint as relating to an organized and existing corporation, and if it be so treated his reasoning resulting in the dismissal of the complaint may perhaps be upheld; but the difficulty with the conclusion is that by the express averments of the complaint it appears that no corporation was ever in fact organized; but that the defendants
The further ground upon which the court held the complaint insufficient was based upon the view that the statute was penal in character, and, therefore, to be strictly construed; that as it
Aside from this question, however, it seems to be clear that the facts as averred in the complaint, are sufficient in all respects to charge the defendants with liability at common law. As there was no corporation in existence when they assumed to contract, and the goods were sold and delivered to them, and they were engaged in a joint venture, all of the elements existed to charge them with liability upon principles applicable to a copartnership; such is the common law of this State. (King v. Barnes, 109 N. Y. 267; Wilcox v. Pratt, 125 id. 688.) In this view it was entirely immaterial whether the averments of the complaint were sufficient to bring the defendants within the terms of the statute or not, for liability is made to depend, not upon their acts as officers of a corporation, but
It follows that the judgment should be reversed and a new trial granted, with costs to the appellant to abide the event.
Yan Brunt, P. J., O’Brien, Ingraham and MoLaughlin, JJ., concurred.
Judgment reversed, new trial ordered, costs to appellant to abide event.