273 Mass. 402 | Mass. | 1930
This is a petition for the annulment of a marriage alleged to have occurred in form on June 6, 1925, but to have been invalid because of the insanity of the libellee. A previous decision in the case is reported in 271 Mass. 398. The vital part of the rescript then sent was in these words: “ Decree to be reversed; case to stand for further hearing in the Probate Court.” Pursuant to that mandate, the case came on for further hearing before the trial judge who had held the earlier hearing. This was proper procedure. Dittemore v. Dickey, 249 Mass. 95, 99, 100. The libellee contended in substance that there should be an entire new trial, and presented requests for rulings to that effect. The judge denied these requests and ruled that the evidence already received and heard at the first trial would be considered as then and still evidence before him and that either party was at liberty to introduce further evidence, and that the case would finally be considered and decided upon all the evidence, both that theretofore received and such as might then be presented. The libellant offered in substance all the same evidence produced by her at the original hearing, but the offer was excluded on the ground that to receive it would be a useless expenditure of time and not required by the rescript. No further evidence was offered by either side. The soundness of the ruling as to the meaning and effect of the rescript presents the first question to be decided.
This proceeding was brought in the Probate Court. St. 1922, c. 532, § 7. In these circumstances the procedure in general accords with equity practice. Drew v. Drew, 250 Mass. 41, 43. Field v. Field, 264 Mass. 549, 550.
The mandate “ decree reversed ” or “ decree to be reversed ” contained in a rescript means that the decree previously entered is annulled and made of no effect. It is .vacated and effaced, and no longer establishes rights of parties. When nothing more than this appears in a rescript, the case stands for disposition upon issues raised by the pleadings. It must be tried anew; the former trial has become of no effect. See Loanes v. Gast, 216
In the case at bar the rescript did not stop with the simple mandate that the decree be reversed, but it went on to say that the case was “ to stand for further hearing.” These words would have been superfluous if it had been intended that there should be a wholly new trial. That would have been accomplished merely by reversing the decree. The additional order that the case should stand for further hearing implies that some meaning was intended to be attributed to those words. It is fundamental in the jurisprudence of this Commonwealth, in the interests alike of suitors and the public, that there be but one full and fair trial conducted upon correct principles, and that then trials cease. Boston Bar Association v. Casey, 227 Mass. 46, 48. Selectmen of Framingham v. Boston & Albany Railroad, 268 Mass. 93, 98. Lannin v. Buckley, 268 Mass. 106, 109. The case at bar had been tried according to equity practice before one of the two judges of probate for the county; the error in that trial, as disclosed in our previous decision, was that the judge refused to instruct himself correctly as to the burden of proof. That was an error which might readily be corrected without a complete new trial. In these circumstances, the words of the rescript mean that the further hearing was to be had before the same judge and upon evidence already before him and such additional evidence as might rightly be offered. C. W. Hunt Co. v. Boston Elevated Railway, 217 Mass. 319. The mandate from this court might have been more extended, but the trial judge interpreted it correctly. See Carchidi v. Kalayjian, 264
It follows that there was no error in the denial of the requests for rulings presented by the libellee to the effect that the rescript required an entirely new trial and that a decree based wholly or in part upon evidence heard at the earlier trial would not be warranted.
There was no error in denying the rulings requested in various forms of words in substance that there was not sufficient evidence to warrant a finding that the mental condition of the libellee was such as to invalidate the marriage. Since the evidence is not reported in full, the finding of fact that the libellee.was insane cannot be reversed or pronounced unsupported. Webster v. Webster, 264 Mass. 551, 554. The judge reported a summary of the testimony in considerable detail. It need not be narrated. It warrants the finding made. There is nothing in this report or in the findings made by the judge to shake the force of his final conclusion. Whether a person is insane at a given time is mainly a question of fact “ upon which courts have been increasingly unwilling to lay down sweeping rules.” Wright v. Wright, 139 Mass. 177, 182, 183. Sutcliffe v. Heatley, 232 Mass. 231. Sheppard v. Olney, 271 Mass. 424.
It is stated in the report that the judge- granted the request of the libellant that “ I rule that the granting of the libellee’s requests numbered 1, 2, 4 and 7 did not in any way alter the findings of fact heretofore made; that at the time of the marriage the libellee was insane and because of his insanity incapable of contracting marriage. I so ruled.” It is manifest that this was not a ruling of law. It was the whole point of the earlier decision that the granting of these rulings might change the decision. It is plain that, although inaccurately phrased in the report, the meaning is that the judge found as a fact that his previous conclusion was not changed by granting the rulings. The action of the judge must be treated for
Decree annulling marriage affirmed.