92 S.E. 612 | N.C. | 1917
In the case on appeal the question is stated as follows: "This was a civil action heard before his Honor, W. F. Harding, at November Term, 1916, of Cherokee, upon the motion of the defendants for a change of venue under section 419 of the Revisal. The suit was a creditors' (687) bill. The plaintiffs ask judgment against the defendants for the amounts of their several claims and ask that a deed from the defendant M. A. Hampton to his wife, Mattie J. Hampton, his codefendant, be set aside on the grounds set out in the complaint. His Honor held that Cherokee County, which is the residence of two of the plaintiffs, is the proper venue, although the defendants live in Clay County, and the land embraced within the deed attacked lies in Clay County, and declined to remove the case. To the ruling of the court that Cherokee County was the proper venue, and to its refusal to remove the case to Clay County, the defendants excepted and assign same for error." This is an action in the nature of a creditors' bill, instituted by several corporations as plaintiffs, two of them at least resident in Cherokee County, against M. A. Hampton and wife, Mattie J., seeking to establish their claims against the individual male defendant and to set aside a deed for land executed by said defendant to his said wife, on the ground that the same was fraudulent and void as to creditors, said defendants being resident in the county of Clay and the land being situate in that county.
It is established that, under our present system of procedure in which the principles of law and equity are administered in one and the same court, a suit of this character can be maintained by creditors and without having first reduced their claims to judgment and issued ineffective execution thereon, as formerly required. Smith v. Summerfield,
In Revisal, 1905, sec. 419, subsec. 1, the portion of the statute on venue more directly relevant, it is provided that actions for the recovery of real property or of an estate or interest therein or for the determination in any form of such right or interest and for injuries to real property shall be held in the county in which the subject of the action or some part thereof is situated. And the general statute, after establishing a venue for this and other specified causes, in section 424 enacts "That in all other cases the action shall be tried where the plaintiffs or defendants or any of them reside," etc. By the express terms of the statute, therefore, this general provision is made subject to the others, and under the section localizing actions which affect real estate or determine any interest therein, this present suit, which, in its controlling purpose, seeks to declare that the feme defendant (688) holds no title to the property under her deed, but that the same is owned by her husband, must be instituted in the county of Clay, where the real estate is situate. While the precise question does not seem to have been as yet presented in this jurisdiction, there are many well considered decisions elsewhere, on statutes similar to our own, which directly approve the position, Acker v. Leland,
It is urged for plaintiff that, as the suit is to establish the claims of plaintiffs as well as to set aside the deed, the action could therefore be maintained in Cherokee under section 424, two of the plaintiff corporations having their residence in that county. While plaintiffs have an undoubted right to litigate and establish their claims in this suit, and their right to do so is sometimes referred to as a separate action, it is clear that the action, in its essential and controlling purpose, is to establish the title in their debtor and to destroy that of the feme
defendant. There is no other reason or justification for making the latter a party, and as against the husband alone there would be no right of joinder in plaintiffs against him except as it grows out of their prayer to set aside this deed and the facts alleged in support of that position. As a matter of fact, some of the claims, being under $200, are not within the original jurisdiction of the Superior Court and could not be maintained there except for the common purpose of assailing the deed. On the facts of this record, therefore, the suit to establish plaintiffs' claims may be *744
considered as incident to the essential and controlling purpose of setting aside the deed, and should be so interpreted and dealt with in reference to our statute localizing the trial of actions affecting real property. We are referred by counsel for plaintiff to the case of Baruch v. Long,
The section of our Revisal, 422, to which we were also referred, is only for the general purpose of determining the residence of domestic corporations and must be construed in reference and subordination to other sections of the act establishing the proper venue for special classes of actions.
There is error in the ruling of the court, and this will be certified, to the end that the defendants' motion be allowed.
Error.
Cited: Lumber Co. v. Lumber Co.,
