68 A. 37 | N.H. | 1907
In the absence of any information as to the terms of the decree for the plaintiff, to which exception was taken, it is presumed that the decree was drawn to effect the purpose of the bill — the restoration of the remains of Harriet A. Read to their place of original interment. The fact that no trace of the remains which the plaintiff asks to have restored was discovered in the grave where they were originally buried discloses the futility of such a decree. If none was found in the grave, it is clear none can be in the place where the earth of the grave was deposited. The law does not require that to be done which is impossible or useless. Wells v. Burbank,
Not only did the body of Harriet become, as matter of law, after burial a part of the ground to which it was committed (Meagher v. Driscoll,
The defendants also except to the order overruling the demurrer to the bill. In the absence of the allegations of the bill, the question directly presented by this exception is merely that of jurisdiction of the subject-matter. It is well settled, that in this country, in the absence of ecclesiastical tribunals exercising such jurisdiction in England, courts of equity have power to settle controversies as to the burial of the dead, the care of their remains after burial, and the preservation of the place of interment from wanton violation or unnecessary disturbance. Page v. Symonds,
Page v. Symonds,
Is the plaintiff entitled to an order requiring the defendants to remove the remains of their mother from the place where, in accordance with her expressed wish, they now rest beside those her husband? The question is not whether the court, in the exercise sound judgment, would have enjoined the opening of the grave of Harriet for the purpose of interring the remains of the defendants' mother, but is whether the court can now order the removal of the remains of Mary E. from the spot where they now rest. The plaintiff has no title to the burial lot. She is not next of kin to Mary E. and can have no voice in the selection of a resting place for her remains. Her sole interest arises from her relationship to Harriet. Under the decision in Page v. Symonds, she would be entitled to an order requiring the removal of the remains Mary E. from their present resting place, if it could be found that their continuance there was a "wanton violation or invasion" the place of Harriet's burial — an "unnecessary desecration" of the spot. But the reported facts are insufficient to sustain such finding.
John Read, the father of all the parties to the controversy, owned the lot, and in 1855 buried therein the remains of his daughter Harriet, who died at the age of seven months. Subsequently he buried in the same lot his wife and another daughter, the graves being so arranged as to leave a space between those of Harriet and his wife, while the other daughter, Mary A., was buried in the grave immediately on the other side of her mother's. In 1863, John married Mary E. He died in 1895, having devised the burial lot to his wife Mary E. She buried him in the lot beside his first wife, in the vacant space between that grave and the spot where Harriet's remains were buried. Mary E. died in 1904, having expressed a wish to be buried beside her husband. The defendants, her children who now own the lot, have now buried her in accordance with her wish. The question is, whether such burial is such a desecration of the spot used for the entire dissolution of Harriet's remains that the court is authorized to order the remains of Mary E. to be again dug up and buried elsewhere. When a body is once buried, courts are slow to order its removal and will not do so except under circumstances of extreme exigency. This follows from considerations of the public health and welfare, as well as from a respect to the dead and consideration for the feelings of those who survive. Gardner v. Cemetery,
The body of Mary E. now rests in the place where she desired it to lie, beside her husband. The fact that the soil in which she lies once performed for the body of her husband's infant child the same service it is now performing for hers, is not a sufficient reason why her remains should again be exhumed, and her reasonable and proper wishes be defeated. No necessity probably has yet arisen in this country for holding that the right of burial is merely for the purpose of dissolution, generally requiring about a generation, and that each generation must give way to succeeding ones in the use of soil dedicated for that purpose. Gilbert v. Buzzard, 3 Ph. Ecc. 335. This case does not require such holding; for while, under the circumstances of the case as disclosed before the grave was opened, a refusal to permit the opening of Harriet's grave for the burial of Mary E., or to ascertain whether it contained any remains of the former occupant, might not have been erroneous as matter of law, the fact being established that the burial made by the defendants involved no disturbance of Harriet's remains, and being one that was otherwise fit and proper to be made, and having been made, no sufficient reason appears for disturbing the existing situation. None can be suggested except the injury to the plaintiff's feelings. In view of the relationship of the parties, an objection of this character by the plaintiff is too clearly fanciful and unreasonable to serve as a foundation for such an order. The defendants, as the owners of the lot, had not the absolute right to disturb the grave already upon the lot. Neither has the plaintiff, as next of kin, an absolute right to prevent the removal of the remains of one buried there, or other use of the land. The rights of each are bounded by rules of propriety and reasonableness determinable by a court of equity upon due application. This is the holding, in effect, of all the authorities. Page v. Symonds, supra; Pulsifer v. Douglass,
As the plaintiff has not the absolute right to require the removal of the remains of Mary E. and as the evidence has no tendency to establish the necessity, reasonableness, or propriety of their removal *327 no order to that effect can be made. The case does not show that such an order has been made; but as the exceptions raise the question whether any decree can be made for the plaintiff, the power to make such an order has been considered. Some facts appear in the case as to the erection of gravestones by the plaintiff upon the lot, but it does not appear that any orders are necessary or were asked for in reference to them. As upon the facts found the plaintiff is not entitled to any relief, the order will be,
Exception sustained: bill dismissed.
All concurred.