In this аction brought under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, appellant Boazman (Employee) appeals from the District Court’s Order granting partial summary judgment to Employer Economics Laboratory, Inc. (appellee) and dismissing the case without prejudice for Employee’s want of prosecution and failure to follow an order of the District Court. Although the dismissal was' entered without prejudice, the effect of the dismissal is possibly to bar litigation of the merits of the case because the time for the filing of Employee’s suit under Title VII has expired. We vacate the partial summary judgment, reverse the dismissal of the case, and remand for further proceedings in the District Court.
Employee was initially quite slow in prosecuting his case. When he failed to respond to Employer’s motion to dismiss the claim for lack of subject matter jurisdiction and for failure to state a claim upon which relief could be granted, the District Judge entered an order directing him to respond within ten days to Employer’s motion or have his suit subject to dismissаl under F.R.Civ.P. 41(b), 1 for failure to prosecute. *212 Within the time period set by the Court, Employee responded with an apology for the delay, an assurance that he would vigorously prosecute the case, and a request that the Court defеr its ruling on the Employer’s pending motion until after a scheduled meeting between the parties. Subsequently, although Employee began to prosecute his case in earnest, he failed to file a brief in response to the Employer’s motion to dismiss. A month later, when the Employee had still not responded to Employer’s motion to dismiss, the Court entered an order granting partial summary judgment 1 2 for the Employer and dismissing thе case, with prejudice, under Rule 41(b). The Court later amended its order to a dismissal without prejudice, on the grounds that dismissal with prejudice was too severe a sanction where, as here, the Employеe was not responsible for his attorney’s mistakes. 3 The Court also felt that there was a substantial interest in having an eventual trial on the merits. 4
The first issue we deal with is whether it was reversible error for the District Court tо dismiss this case under Rule 41(b). As the Trial Judge implicitly recognized when he amended his first order of dismissal, dismissal with prejudice is such a severe sanction that it is to be used only in extreme circumstances,
Flaksa v. Little River Marine Construction Co.,
5 Cir., 1968,
Ordinarily, we would apply a less stringent standard of review to a District Court’s dismissal of a suit without prejudice, because the plaintiff would be able to
*213
file his suit again. Where, however, the statutе of limitations prevents — or arguably may prevent — a party from refiling his case after it has been dismissed, we fail to see how a dismissal without prejudice is any less severe a sanction than a dismissal with prеjudice. Accordingly, we are persuaded by a recent opinion of this Circuit
(see,
on the subsequent merits,
Pond v. Braniff Airways, Inc.,
5 Cir., 1972,
Applying that stricter standard to the facts of this case, we must reverse the dismissal by the District Court, since the facts disclose none of the “contumacious indifference to the Court of the kind we generally regard as requisite to the use of this severe sanction,”
International Association of Heat and Frost Insulators аnd Asbestos Workers v. Leona Lee Insulation and Specialties, Inc.,
5 Cir., 1975,
The Court’s entry of partial summary judgment presents a more difficult problem. In granting partial summary judgment, the Court did not set forth any findings of fact or conclusions of law. 5 However, the Court appeared to base its grant of summary judgment on a bare finding that Employee had failed to respond to Employer’s motion to dismiss, rather than on a finding that Employer’s motion and supporting briefs and affidavit resolvеd genuine issues as to material facts. 6
This being so, then the District Court’s grant of a partial summary judgment must be reversed. Although Rule 56(e) does not allow a party to “rest upon the mere allegations or denials of his pleading” when his adversary moves for summary judgment,
see, e. g., Bruce Construction Corp. v. United States,
5 Cir., 1957,
However, we are reluctant to reverse outright the District Court’s grant of partial summary judgment on the bаsis of our own record-based conclusion as to the Court’s rationale. Therefore, we vacate the summary judgment and remand the case to the District Court for further consistent proceedings. If, on remand, the District Court decides that partial summary judgment is appropriate because Employer has met his burden of establishing that there are no genuine issues as to particular material facts, the Court is free to so decide but it should so state, and shall make an order specifying the facts that appear without substantial controversy. 7
REVERSED in part, VACATED in part, and REMANDED.
Notes
. Rule 41(b) provides:
(b) Involuntary Dismissal: Effect Thereof. For failure of the plaintiff to prosecute or to comply with these rules or any order of court, a. defendant may move for dismissal of an action or of any claim against him. After the plaintiff, in an action tried by the court without a jury, has completеd the presentation of his evidence, the defendant, without waiving his right to offer evidence in the event the motion is not granted, may move for a dismissal on the ground that upon the facts and the law the plаintiff has shown no right to relief. The court as trier of the facts *212 may then, determine them and render judgment against the plaintiff or may decline to render any judgment until the close of all the evidence. If the cоurt renders judgment on the merits against the plaintiff, the court shall make findings as provided in Rule 52(a). Unless the court in its order for dismissal otherwise specifies, a dismissal under this subdivision and any dismissal not provided for in this rule, other than a dismissal for lack of jurisdiction, for improper venue, or for failure to join a party under Rule 19, operates as an adjudication upon the merits.
. Appellee’s original motion to dismiss was brought undеr F.R.Civ.P. 12(b)(1) (lack of jurisdiction over the subject matter) and 12(b)(6) (failure to state a claim upon which relief can be granted). Since the motion was supported by matters outside the pleading, the District Court treated it as a motion for summary judgment under Rule 12(b), which provides in relevant part:
If, on a motion asserting the defense numbered (6) to dismiss for failure of the pleading to state a claim upon which relief can be granted, matters outside the pleading are presented to and not excluded by the court, the motion shall be treated as one for summary judgment and disposed of as provided in Rule 56, and all parties shall be given reasonable opportunity to present all material made pertinent to such a motion by Rule 56.
Moreover, since the motion to dismiss for failure to state a claim only attaсked portions of the complaint, rather than the entire complaint, the District Court treated the motion as a motion for partial summary judgment.
The District Court further held that the part of the motion attаcking the subject matter jurisdiction of the Court was an attack on the whole complaint, and was treated by the Court as a motion to dismiss.
. Order of February 13, 1976, pp. 3-A.
. Id., at 4.
. With respect to motions for full summary judgment, F.R.Civ.P. 52(a) does not require findings of facts and conclusions of law “on decisions of motions under Rules 12 or 56 or any other motion except as provided in Rule 41(b).” On the other hand, it is also true that “such findings are . . permissible and often quite helpful for appellate review.” 6 J. Moore, Federal Practice fl 56.02[11], p. 56-48 (2d Ed. 1976).
See also Mladinich v. United States,
5 Cir., 1967,
On motions for partial summary judgment, however, F.R.Civ.P. 56(d) provides
(d) Case Not Fully Adjudicated on Motion. If on motion under this rule judgment is not rendered upon the whole case or for all the relief asked and a trial is necessary, the court at the hearing of the motion, by examining the pleadings and the evidence before it and by interrogating counsel, shall if practicаble ascertain what material facts exist without substantial controversy and what material facts are actually and in good faith controverted. It shall thereupon make an order specifying thе facts that appear without substantial controversy, including the extent to' which the amount of damages or other relief is not in controversy, and directing such further proceedings in the action as аre just. Upon the trial of the action the facts so specified shall be deemed established, and the trial shall be conducted accordingly.
[Emphasis supplied].
. The only reason ever given by the District Court for granting Employer’s motion for partial summary judgment was “plaintiffs [Employee’s] failure to oppose that motion.” Order of February 13, 1976, p. 6, n. 1.
. See F.R.Civ.P. 56(d).