Hough, C. J.
This is a suit originally instituted before a justice of the peace in Andrew county on an account for *637$2, for medical services. The defendant filed a set-off for $1.50 for money loaned and twelve cents interest thereon, and deposited with the constable the sum of fifty cents and all costs then accrued, which sum was refused by the plaintiff. Judgment was rendered by the justice in favor of the plaintiff for the sum tendered and the costs then accrued, and against the plaintiff for all subsequent costs. The plaintiff appealed to the circuit court of Andrew county; a change of venue was taken to Buchanan county, and on a trial de novo in the circuit court of the last named county, there was a verdict and judgment for the defendant.
1. set-off: tender, The judgment of the circuit court is clearly erroneous. On the face of the record, the plaintiff was entitled to a judgment for the amount tendered and the costs of the suit to the date of the tender. Notwithstanding the defendant’s tender, the plaintiff had a right to contest the validity of the defendant’s set-off, and the jury should have been instructed that the defendant’s tender admitted the justness of the plaintiff’s demand, and that plaintiff was entitled to recover the amount thereof, less such sum, if any, as they might find to be due from him to the defendant, on the defendant’s set-off. After the tender made in connection with the set-off pleaded, the defendant should not have been permitted to introduce testimony for the purpose of reducing the amount of the plaintiff’s demand. Mahan v. Waters, 60 Mo. 167" court="Mo." date_filed="1875-05-15" href="https://app.midpage.ai/document/mahan-v-waters-8004995?utm_source=webapp" opinion_id="8004995">60 Mo. 167, 171.
2. money loaned for gambling. There was testimony tending to show that the sum which the defendant claimed to have loaned to the plaintiff, was loailcd in “ poker chips” at a game of chance, and upon this evidence the plaintiff asked the court to instruct the jury, “ that if they believed from the evidence that the amount in defendant’s set-off had been loaned plaintiff in a game of chance in which both were engaged at the time, and for the purpose of being used in betting on said game, and defendant knew the purpose of the loan, the jury will allow him nothing on *638account of said set-off.” Section 1548 of the Revised Statutes makes it a misdemeanor in any one to loan or furnish, any money or property to any other person to he hot upon any gambling device whatever, if the money or property loaned be so used. The instruction asked is faulty in that it does not contain the qualification contained in the statute that the money was “ so used,” and it was, therefore, properly refused.
The court also refused the following instruction asked by the plaintiff: “that upon the record the defendant had admitted plaintiff’s claim to be just and due, and the service charged of the value claimed by plaintiff, and that would allow plaintiff the full amount thereof.” This instruction should have been given in lieu of the first instruction given by the court of its own motion, which is as follows :
1. If the jury believe from the evidence that the plaintiff about the time charged in the account sued upon, rendered to defendant, or to any member of his family, services as a physician, at the request of defendant, then the jury should allow plaintiff' therefor such sum as was reasonable, at the time and place at which said services were rendered.
The court also gave the following instruction of its own motion:
2. If the jury believe from the evidence that defendant, about the month of November, 1877, loaned plaintiff the sum of $1.50, and that at the time at which the loan was made it was not known to defendant that plaintiff had borrowed the same for the purpose of using said money in betting at a game of chance, then defendant should be allowed for the sum so loaned unless the sum was re-paid, or accounted for by plaintiff, and the winning of any sum by plaintiff from defendant in a game of chance cannot be considered by the jury as constituting a discharge or settlement of the sum so loaned.
Under this instruction, if the' defendant knew that the *639money loaned by him to tlie plaintiff, was borrowed for the purpose of betting tlie same on a game of chance, he could not recover it back, although it may not have been used in betting. This instruction, therefore, contains the same vice found in the first instruction asked by the plaintiff'. It is also faulty because there is no testimony upon which to base the last clause, viz., “the winning of any sum by plaintiff from defendant in a game of chance,” etc.
Eor the reasons given, the judgment of the circuit court will he reversed and the cause remanded.
Counsel state that the costs in this case have already reached the sum of $400. It is no part of the duty of this court to lecture litigants, and we, therefore, refrain from characterizing this litigation as it deserves to he characterized ; hut we will express the hope that controversies like this will soon cease to find their way to a court of last resort, already overburdened with. business of vast importance to the citizen and to the public.
All concur.