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William Crawford v. Marion County Election Board
484 F.3d 436
7th Cir.
2007
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*1 summаry judgment. Appellant’s Br. at 43 less like the generalist “expert for hire” (“[I]f the Plaintiff is present allowed to epitomized by event, Friend. In any if the expert testimony Gary Friend, trial court is to granted “broad latitude” Plaintiff will have met her burden under both in selecting appropriate reliability Tennessee summary law and judgment given factors for a case as well inapрropriate.”). Gilfeather does make a applying each of those factors to the case’s attempt brief argue facts, Kumho, without 152-53, 526 U.S. at Friend, testimony of the exрerts put then we cannot conclude that his opponent, Manitowoc, magistrate judge exceeded this lati- get should suffice to past summary judg- tude in the instant case. 17-18;

ment. See id. at Reply Br. at 9-10. We therefore affirm. argument

This is without merit. An ap-

pellant cannot overcome judg-

ment in a case such as this simply by

cherry-picking statements from an appel- experts’

lee’s opinions, when the overall experts

conclusions run contrary

to the appellant’s position. The appellant

could introduce a expert reliable to dissect opinions CRAWFORD, William of the al., appellee’s experts, but et that оf course is what Gilfeather has tried Plaintiffs-Appellants, and failed do with Friend. sum, given ‍‌​‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌​‌​‌‌‌​‌​‌​‌​‌​‌​​‌​‌​​‌‌‌​‌‌‌​​‍our conclusion that MARION COUNTY ELECTION magistrate judge did not abuse her discre- BOARD, al., et Defendants- tion in excluding Friend’s testimоny, we Appellees. must also affirm of summary 06-2218, Nos. 06-2317.

judgment in favor of Manitowoc. United States Court of Appeals,

IV Based on magistrate judge’s thor- ough analysis of testing factor,

general-acceptance factor, and pre-

pared-solely-for-litigation factor, we con-

clude that she acted well within her discre-

tion tо exclude the testimony of Friend. The most obvious cure would have been Kenneth J. Falk (argued), Indiana Civil for Friend to produced ‍‌​‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌​‌​‌‌‌​‌​‌​‌​‌​‌​​‌​‌​​‌‌‌​‌‌‌​​‍have at least some Union, Liberties (ar- William R. Groth еmpirical testing data on his proposed al- gued), Fillenwarth, Dennerline, Groth & design. ternative entirely he failed to Towe, IN, Indianapolis, for Plaintiffs-Ap- do. Another cure would havе been for pellants. Gilfeather to have found someone with ex- pertise directly more related to the large Thomas M. Fisher (argued), Steve Car- truck truck crane industry. ter, аnd/or Such Office of General, the Attorney James an expert might have spared been Osborn, the B. M. Wright, Kobi Office of the testing factor, Daubert as in Bah. And Corporation Counsel, IN, Indiаnapolis, expert would probably look much Defendants-Appellees. *2 by Judge Ev- expressed the concerns Celestino-Horseman, with Indianapo- Karen panel’s frоm the Weiss, writing in dissent Paul, ans, Rosdeitcher, IN, Sidney S. lis, cor- majority panel Although the opinion. Garrison, New York Rifkind, & Wharton Court’s Wilmer, Zubler, rectly notes that Cut- Todd Cornelius ‍‌​‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌​‌​‌‌‌​‌​‌​‌​‌​‌​​‌​‌​​‌‌‌​‌‌‌​​‍City, Takushi, U.S. Dorr, v. Washington, in Burdick cision Hаle & Pickering, ler, (1992), 119 L.Ed.2d DC, Curiae. for Amicus not re- scrutiny is strict recognizes EASTERBROOK, H. FRANK every of last the assessment quired for POSNER, A. RICHARD Judge, Chief matter how trivial regulation, no election FLAUM, Circuit M. JOEL Judge, Circuit voting, on light the rule or how RIPPLE, Circuit F. Judge, KENNETH also that Burdick panel assumes MANION, Circuit A Judge, DANIEL longer scrutiny strict means KANNE, Circuit S. MICHAEL Judge, case. As any election appropriate ROVNER, DIAMOND Judge, ILANA however, clear, Bur- makеs Judge Evans WOOD, Circuit P. DIANE Judge, Circuit contrary, thing. To the holds no dick EVANS, Circuit T. TERENCE Judge, a threshold established simply Burdick WILLIAMS, CLAIRE Judge, ANN perform court must that a quiry SYKES, S. DIANE and Judge Circuit required scrutiny level of decides Judge. Circuit As I it. case before seri- below, briefly when explain ORDER has been law an election risk that ous plaintiffs-appel January On an addi- imposing of intent with the passed with rehearing petitiоn filed a lants to right significant burden tional banc, on and rehearing en suggestion voters, the court specific group of a vote defendants-appellees February Only this scrutiny. ex- apply strict must vote of A petition. to the an answer filed ensure that to will suffice approach acting wheth on of the court active members deny these to being usеd law is request rehearing en banc was er to to vote. fundamental have voted judges and a opin Judge Wood’s petition.* deny rigor- “the held that The rehearing denial from the dissеnting ion court’s] of [the ousness appended. banc is en depends a state election propriety the extent upon is therefore Denied. petition The Fourteеnth and First burdens regulation Judge, with whom WOOD, Circuit rights.” 504 Amendment EVANS, ROVNER, subjected Judges are rights If S.Ct. from the dissenting join, reaf- WILLIAMS the Court to “severe” banc. rehearing en denial be ‘nar- that “the firmed rowly drawn this case address- opinion panel’s ” Id., quoting importance.’ unresolved important exceptionally es an 279, 289, 112 Reed, 502 U.S. Norman level of of law: what If, (1992). L.Ed.2d evaluating manda- use when courts рrovision hand, the other agree laws? tory voter * rehearing Wood, en Rovner, Judge Evans Judge Judge petition for grant the voted Judge Williams ‘reasonable, “imposes only nondiserimina- against [state Recent interests].” national tory upon restrictions’ the First and Four- us, history election tells contrary, rights voters, teenth Amendment ‘the that disenfranchising tiny even a perсent- important State’s regulatory interests are age of can enough swing *3 generally justify’ sufficient to the restric- election outcomes. Christine Gregoire 434, 2059, tions.” 504 at 112 S.Ct. captured gubernatorial the race in Wash- Celebrezze, quoting Anderson v. 460 U.S. ington 2004 with margin only a 75 L.Ed.2d 547 129 votes. See http://en.wikipedia.org/ (1983). To sort election laws into one cat- wiki/Washington_gubernatоrial_election,_ other, egory or the Burdick calls for the (visited 2007). 2004 March Represen- court to “weigh the character and magni- tative Vern Buchanan of Florida’s 13th tude of the injury” asserted the Congressional District by only won plaintiff is asserting “against precise votes. See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ by jus- the State as (vis- Florida’s_13th_congressional_district tifications imрosed for the burden by its 2007). ited March Senator Jon Tester rule, taking into consideration the extent of Montana won by his seat a slightly necessary those interests it make larger margin 2,847 hardly votes—but a — to burden plaintiffs rights.” 504 U.S. gap implies that small numbers do not (internal quotation matter. See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ omitted). marks and citations Jon_Tester (visited 2007). March And casе, In this plaintiffs assert that the surely no adult now living in the United state voter identification law is causing the States needs to be reminded of how close wholesale disenfranchisement of some eli- the 2000 Presidential race was. gible voters. To the oper- extent Putting aside these examples, as a mat- to turn away ates them from polls, it is ter of law Court’s voting just as poll insidious as the taxes and cases support do not a rule that depends in literacy tests that were repudiated long part support for on the idea that no оne ago. Anecdotal evidence suggests that the vote matters. Voting complex is a act that kind of close look that place if helps both to decide elections and involves used strict ‍‌​‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌​‌​‌‌‌​‌​‌​‌​‌​‌​​‌​‌​​‌‌‌​‌‌‌​​‍would reveal trou- individual act of self- patterns blesome resulting from these new governance. Even if only a single citizen identification laws. The New Yоrk Times deprived is completely of her recently reported that overall voter turn- perhaps by a law preventing anyone vote— out in these by states decreases about named Burzynski Natalia from voting percent, three by two to three times without showing pieces of photo identifi- that much for minorities. Christopher cation—this is still a injury “severe” Drew, Low Voter Turnout is Seen in that particular individual. On the other ID, States That Require Times, N.Y. Feb. hand, some place laws that a minor obsta- 2007. In this con- cle voting way in the many citizens— сedes that poorer voters likely are less perhaps prevents one that any person necessary have the than from voting is not registered who to vote weаlthier counterparts and that there days in advance of the election—are strong correlation between income and rightly seen as “reasonable [and] nondis- vоting political parties. My criminatory.” colleagues by dismiss these facts conclud- ing that people “[t]he fewer harmed a The state’s justification for the new vot- law, the less total harm is to balance ing requirement is voter -specifieal- fraud— be assembled record must empirical part fraud on problem ly, the it chooses. whatever pоll- at the person inup who show people reasons, respectfully of these the For all record shows Yet place. ing this to rehear from the decision disputed а dissent problem existence ques- case en crucial It is also a of fact. demands, inquiry that tion great

because asserted for the the benefit matter, the empiricаl as an is small

terest creates, Fed. cannot stand. issue it, “genuine puts

R.CrvP. *4 resolved not be may that fact”

material state’s ruling favor of FONSECA-SANCHEZ, America judgment. motion own Petitioner, ‍‌​‌‌​‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌​‌​‌‌‌​‌​‌​‌​‌​‌​​‌​‌​​‌‌‌​‌‌‌​​‍ever, in has one fact, appears voter charged with history, been Indiana’s an requires

fraud. GONZALES, Respondent. R. Alberto by the “precise No. 06-2387. im- the burden justifications assert- the “facts” in this but posed,” Appeals, States United voter its state in by the true with- taken as were justification fraud re- they to see any examination out 8, 2007. Argued Feb. reality. flected 13, 2007. Decided ignore should court Finally, this Unfortunately, history. country’s in the not-so- used have been

regulations discriminatory reasons. past

distant harm case will in this often-marginalized identifiable

an undetermined some significant court should

gree. considering satisfactorily including

care, law, dis- behind motives injury.

counting such exacting under may

It for laws mandates

scrutiny Burdick which under severe

impose nar- whether decide drawn

rowly the Indiana importance, are not We stand.

challenged here inquiry. conduct position in a

yet task, full undertaking should decide

court kind and what a law of such review

govern

Case Details

Case Name: William Crawford v. Marion County Election Board
Court Name: Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit
Date Published: Apr 5, 2007
Citation: 484 F.3d 436
Docket Number: 06-2218, 06-2317
Court Abbreviation: 7th Cir.
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