36 S.W.2d 672 | Ark. | 1931
STATEMENT BY THE COURT.
Emmet Vaughan sued White Black Rivers Bridge Company to recover $2,800.93, alleged to be due him for legal services and expenses incurred in behalf of the defendant. The defendant filed a motion to make the complaint more specific, and the plaintiff increased his claim against the defendant by various amounts which made his claim amount, altogether, to $3,823.58. The defendant filed an answer denying that it owed the plaintiff anything; and it asked judgment, by way of cross-complaint, against the plaintiff for $14,000, alleged to be due it by reason of the undue influence the plaintiff exerted in selling it some bridge stock while he was its attorney.
The record shows that on the 22d day of January, 1927, A. Lawrence Mills and Harry E. Bovay, parties of the first part, and Emmet Vaughan and J. W. House, parties of the second part, entered into a written contract whereby the parties of the second part agreed to deliver to the parties of the first part, on or before the 15th day of March, 1927, all the outstanding capital stock in the Des Arc Bridge Company of the par value of $15,000, except the stock owned by Harry E. Bovay. It was understood that the stock transferred, together with that of Harry E. Bovay, included all of the capital stock of the Des Arc Bridge Company. Under the contract, the franchise of said company granted by the county court to permit it to construct a bridge at Des Arc was also transferred. The contract recited that it was executed in the interest of Harry E. Bovay, who had perfected arrangements with A. Lawrence Mills Company, represented by A. Lawrence Mills, to finance the erection and *452 completion of a bridge across White River at Des Arc in accordance with the permit granted by the United States. The contract recited that the arrangements for financing the construction of the bridge would be concluded, according to the contract, prior to March 15, 1927.
According to the testimony of Emmet Vaughan, on the same day said Bovay and Mills employed him as attorney for the defendant which was a corporation to be organized in the near future, to construct a bridge across White River at Des Arc and another bridge at another point on White River. After giving an itemized statement of various amounts to nearly $1,000, which were due him for attorney's fees and expenses incurred in behalf of the defendant, Vaughan was asked to state the agreement about the item of $1,000 attorney's fees and other amounts claimed by him. We copy his answer from the transcript on this and other matters pertaining to his claim for legal services and expenses as follows:
"That is while we were negotiating to sell the Des Arc Bridge Company. I didn't want to sell my interest because I had worked too long to get the bridge here to get rid of my interest. They said that they didn't want me out of their company; that they had to have a local man at Des Arc, and that they would let me in on equal footing, and I says: `That is all right,' and Bovay says, `What are you going to do about the interest; you have never had any interest in the White Black Rivers Bridge Company?' I says, `I don't know; I will leave that up to you.' He said, `We will have a long-time lien we will have to map out, but we will make that up in some other way.' and Mills said, `We will retain you right now as our attorney, and we will treat you right about that.'
"How long did you serve under that contract? A. From January 22, 1927, to the 8th of June, 1928. Q. That was about a year and four months? A. Yes, sir. Q. Was that fee of $1,000 you charged a reasonable fee? A. Yes, sir. Q. To item for use of office, lights, stationery, etc., *453 and general practice, not included in the above $450. Explain that to the jury. A. My office was their office. They called me at my office from Memphis, and they would come over there and use my office, stationery, stenographer, and anything they wanted or needed, they would use it. Q. Was that worth $450? A. Yes, sir. Q. How much is the total amount you claim they owe you at this time? A. I haven't added it up, but it is around $3,500. Q. State whether or not during this fifteen months you kept Mr. Mills advised what you were doing and whether or not he knew you were representing the company? A. Mr. Mills and Mr. Bovay knew that. I have correspondence to verify it. Q. They were advised by you by letter of these different services you were rendering? A. Yes, sir. Q. It was stated here by counsel for the defendant in his opening statement that you had never rendered them a statement or any bill of what they owed you; please explain that to the jury. A. I told Mr. Bovay the amount of the items due me and put it in my account and showed it to them in Chicago when we agreed on that compensation of a $1,000 cash and $1,500 when they sold the bridge. I said to Mr. Bovay, `Here is my claim for the moneys paid out,' and he says, `We will take care of that also.' I have got receipts for that. Here are the checks right here (attorney exhibiting checks) that I paid out and most of these checks were drawn for expenses incurred while in the employ of the company in looking after their interest. I told Mr. Bovay that it was costing me $25 for every trip I made over to Little Rock, and he says that is very reasonable; I wish that I could come over here for that much. Q. Is there anything else you want to say? A. No, I think that is all."
On cross-examination, Vaughan testified that he was retained as attorney for the defendant on January 22, 1927, and so continued until the 31st day of May, 1928, when he presented his claim for attorney's fees and legal services, which the defendant declined to pay. At another point in his testimony, Vaughan explained that in *454 his first complaint he asked for $2,800.93, and that he increased that amount to $3,788.78 because the defendant filed a motion which was sustained by the court requiring him to make his complaint more definite and certain. In these items he included an expense account amounting to $632.65 and other expenses amounting to $300.93. In his testimony he explains that these sums were for fees in changing the approach to the proposed bridge and in appearing before the Tax Commission in behalf of the defendant with regard to the taxes on the proposed bridge. He also testified in detail as to the kind of services performed by him in obtaining deeds in changing and laying out the new road which approached the bridge. According to the testimony of three attorneys introduced by him, the amount of fees in the sum of $2,500 claimed by him was fair and reasonable for the services performed by him.
According to the testimony of Harry E. Bovay and A. Lawrence Mills, the defendant never employed Vaughan at all and had no need for his services. They admitted that they were the principal stockholders in the defendant company, and stated that they managed the affairs of the company, and had no need for the services of Vaughan as attorney or in any other capacity.
Other facts will be stated or referred to in the opinion.
There was a verdict and judgment for the plaintiff on the complaint and in his favor on the cross-complaint. The case is here on appeal.
(after stating the facts). It is first insisted by counsel for the defendant that there is no basis for the allowance of the $1,000 attorney's fee, which must have entered into the verdict of the jury. The verdict of the jury was for $2,750 for the plaintiff on his complaint, and it was adjudged that this amount should bear interest at six per cent. from the 8th of June, which was fixed *455
by the court as the date of the termination of the plaintiff's employment. It is insisted by counsel for the defendant that the only basis of allowance of the $1,000 item was the testimony of Vaughan to the effect that it is claimed "for value of my interest in Des Arc Bridge Company, taken over under promise to compensate me by attorney's fees." It is insisted that on the trial of the case Vaughan's attorney called this a retainer fee, and that this is the only basis of sustaining it as a part of the claim of Vaughan against the defendant. In making this contention, counsel for the defendant invoke the rule laid down in Windett v. Union Mutual Life Insurance Co.,
As said by Judge COOLEY, in Detroit v. Whittemore,
In the application of this rule to the facts testified to by Vaughan, it will be seen that his contract for attorney's *456 fees was an express contract and not an implied agreement. He testified positively that they agreed to employ him as attorney in January, 1927, but that no stated amount was agreed upon. He continued in their employment for something over a year, and it was only when he presented an itemized account for his services that there was any dispute about the $1,000 item claimed by him or about any other item. It is true that his testimony is flatly contradicted by that of Bovay and Mills, but the jury were the judges of the credibility of the witnesses, and this court upon appeal cannot disturb the verdict when there is any evidence of a substantial character to support it.
Again it is insisted that the jury must have included the $450 item of office rent, stationery, stenographer, etc., when there was no substantial evidence to support it. Here again we are met with a conflict in the testimony which has been settled adversely to the contention of counsel for the defendant. If the testimony of Vaughan is to be believed, he was to furnish and did furnish an office, stenographer and stationery for the defendant during the time he was employed by it and such services were necessary. Therefore it cannot be said that there is no substantial evidence for this item. We do not know what items the jury allowed and what items were disallowed by it. The verdict shows that they cut the total claim of Vaughan nearly $1,000. This was within the peculiar province of the jury. The testimony of Vaughan, being that of a substantive character, we cannot consider upon appeal what items might have been allowed or disallowed by the jury. We can only consider whether the evidence as a whole would warrant the jury in returning its verdict in the amount stated above in favor of Vaughan.
In this connection, it may be stated that three attorneys testified that the fee claimed by Vaughan was a fair and reasonable one. *457
It is next insisted that the court erred in allowing Vaughan interest on the amount of the verdict from the 8th day of June, 1928, instead of the date of the judgment. In making this contention, reliance is placed upon the case of Meek v. Christian,
Here Vaughan only claimed judgment upon a quantum meruit basis. He did not claim any contract, nor any stated amount for legal services was made with him. In Prager v. New Jersey Fidelity Plate Glass Ins. Co.,
In Spalding v. Mason,
"It is a dictate of natural justice, and the law of every civilized country, that a man is bound in equity, not only to perform his engagements, but also to repair all the damages that accrue naturally from their breech. * * * Every one who contracts to pay money on a certain day knows that, if he fails to fulfill his contract, he must pay the established rate of interest as damages for his nonperformance. Hence it may correctly be said that such is the implied contract of the parties."
Again in Miller v. Robertson,
The record in this case shows that interest was only allowed from the 8th day of June, 1928, and that Vaughan made the demand for the payment of his services, accompanied by an itemized list of his services and expenses, on the 31st day of May, 1928, and that payment of the same had been refused by the defendant. The demand was made upon a quantum meruit basis, and, under the principles of law in the cases above cited, the court properly allowed interest on his claim. See also Rogers v. Atkinson,
On the cross-complaint, the court told the jury that the burden of proof was upon the defendant because Bovay had transferred his interest in the claim to the bridge company. There was no error in this respect. It is true that in Norfleet v. Stewart,
The case was fully and fairly submitted to the jury under the principles of law above declared. We find no reversible error in the record, and the judgment must be affirmed. *460