The original plaintiff died before this case was finally disposed of in the trial court, and the present plaintiffs, executors of the estate, were substituted. We shall use the word “plaintiff” to refer to the original plaintiff. He was a tobacco grower and bought of the defendant, a manufacturer of cotton goods, cloth known as tobacco cloth, used in growing shade-grown tobacco. The cloth was torn apart by a hailstorm while in use as a “tent” over the plaintiff’s tobacco crop. The plaintiff brought this action to the Superior Court in Hartford County for breach of warranty and negligence, claiming damages for injury to the tobacco cloth and his crops. Hearings were had in December, 1940, but no decision was rendered in that term of court. In the following term, the trial judge obtained consent of the parties to render judgment. He filed a memorandum on November 25, 1941, in which he stated that he found the issues for the defendant except as to the claim of breach of a warranty of merchantability, and found that thе defendant had breached this warranty but that the plaintiff *436 had failed to allege proper notice to the defendant of such a breach; that further evidence of such notice was necessary; and that no judgment could be rendered at that time. He gave the plaintiff leave to amend his complaint, the defendant leave to answer, and both parties leave to offer further evidence in connection with the amendments.
The pleadings were amended and a further hearing was had on December 13,1941. On February 14, 1942, the trial judge filed a second memorandum in which he stated that he found that notice оf breach of warranty had been given in a reasonable time but not in accordance with the statutes, and that further amendments would have to be made in respect to the question of damages. He gаve the plaintiff further leave to amend and stated that, in case the parties could not stipulate as to the facts, a further hearing would be necessary. The defendant objected to any further аmendment and hearing. The plaintiff filed a further amendment to the complaint and another hearing was held on May 23, 1942, at which time the court gave the defendant an opportunity to offer evidence оn the question of damages, which it declined to do. On July 9, 1942, judgment was rendered for the plaintiff for the price of the cloth less its salvage value. The defendant has appealed on two main grounds: (1) that the trial court had lost jurisdiction to render judgment in the case under General Statutes, § 5409; (2) that there could be no recovery on the ground on which the judgment was based—implied warranty of merchantability.
The facts necessary to present the narrow issues upon which we decide the case are as follows: The plaintiff had been a tobacco farmer in Somers, Connecticut, for many years and, since 1920, had рurchased his requirements of tobacco cloth from the defendant. The defendant was a cotton manufacturer *437 located in North Carolina and manufactured and sold tobacco cloth fоr use in growing shade-grown tobacco. The cloth forms a tent over the growing tobacco plants for the purpose of producing conditions of heat and humidity similar to those prevailing in Cuba and of protecting the crop from wind, hail, rain and insects. In October, 1937, through a subsidiary corporation, the plaintiff purchased the cloth from the defendant on an order which specified two hundred thousand square yards of “Cannon Tobacco Cloth Style 88X” and which recited that the cloth was bought “As per sample submitted” and that “This order is subject to the conditions printed on the reverse side of this sheet.” Among the conditiоns so printed was one which provided as follows: “Any complaint must be made in writing within ten days after receipt of the goods by the purchaser, and before the same have been used. The mill has the privilege of replacing within a reasonable time any material not complying with this contract.”
No sample was submitted with the order and the plaintiff neither asked nor was given any express warranty of quality, fitness or оtherwise by the defendant. On or about December 17, 1937, the defendant delivered the cloth to the plaintiff, and the plaintiff later paid for it in full. It came in thirty-six bales, each about three by three by four feet in size, сovered with burlap and bound with iron strips. The plaintiff stored the bales, without examination, in a tobacco shed, where they remained until May of the following year. The cloth was then unpacked and spread on the tent frames, together with a small quantity bought for the previous season, and so remained until, on July 15, 1938, it was damaged by a wind-, hail-, and rainstorm. No complaint was made about the cloth until after this storm. The defendаnt claimed that the condition we *438 have quoted from the contract was a bar to any right to recover. The trial court held that, as a basis for a claim for damages, there was a warranty of merсhantability, to the. breach of which the condition did not apply.
The jurisdictional question must first be considered. The claim of the defendant is that the trial of the case was concluded on December 11, 1940, аnd that when judgment was rendered on July 9, 1942, the court had lost jurisdiction by expiration of the time allowed by statute for rendering judgment. General Statutes, § 5409, reads as follows: “Continuance of trial after expiration of tеrm. Any judge of the superior court or of any court of common pleas, who shall have commenced the trial of any civil cause, shall have power to continue such trial and render judgment after the expiration of the term or session of the court at which such trial was commenced; but such trial shall be ended and judgment rendered therein before the close of the next term or session.”
In
Spelke
v.
Shaw,
The trial court ruled that the only ground of recovery was on an implied warranty of merchantability under General Statutes, § 4635, subsection (2), which provides that “when the goods are bought by description from a seller who deals in goods of that description, whether he be the grower or manufacturer or not, there is an implied warranty that the goods shall be of merchantable quality.” The сourt further held that the condition in the contract requiring complaint within ten days, with the right to replace the cloth if it was not in compliance with the contract, had no application, the plaintiff having accepted and paid for the goods and having elected to sue for breach of warranty under General Statutes, § 4689 (b). This section provides that when there is a breach of warranty by the seller the buyer may “accept or keep the goods and maintain an action against the seller for damages for the breach of warranty.”
The claim of the plaintiff was that the cloth was stronger in its fabriс than in its seams, whereas the reverse should have been the fact if it had been properly constructed, and the trial court so found. The plaintiff had no right to accept unmerchantable goods and sue upon a breach of the warranty of merchantability without giving the defendant the right it had, under the contract, to replace them upon notice of the breach. As to inspection, the court held that the condition did not apply because it was not practicable to examine the cloth until it was loosed from the bales and that, even if it. had been possible, such an inspection would not hаve revealed the defect, which was latent. The obvious intent of the parties in the re
*440
quirement of notice in the contract was to give the defendant an opportunity to replace any dеfective cloth before use. The provision was not limited to patent defects but expressly specified “any complaint.” Its plain import is that, if the buyer makes no complaint and uses the goods, hе is to be deemed to have ¿ccepted them without any warranty; and he cannot recover even though they prove defective.
DeWitt
v.
Itasca-Mantrap Co-op. Electrical Assn.,
In an amendment to the complaint, the plaintiff alleged that the defendant had denied liability, and this allegation the defendant admitted; and the plaintiff claims that thereby any question of the violation of the condition is removed from the case. This claim is without merit. The defendant pleaded in its answer that notice had not been given as specified in the condition, and this was one ground of its denial of lia *441 bility. There was no inconsistency between that denial and its allegation of a violation of the condition.
There is error, the judgment is set aside and the case is remanded with direction that judgment be entered for the defendant.
In this opinion the other judges concurred.