59 So. 329 | Ala. Ct. App. | 1912
In this country the rule is, in most of our states, opposite to the above English rule. A majority of our states hold that, when a telegram is sent by one party to another for the benefit of the addressee, such addressee may sue for a breach of 'the contract by the telegraph company, provided the addressee is to be substantially benefited by the telegram, although the sender may also have an interest therein, provided the telegraph company knows at the time it receives such telegram that it is for the benefit of the addressee, or the telegram, from its OAvn Avords, discloses this to be the situation. — Frazier v. Western Union Tel. Co., supra. In a feAV of the states — and Alabama seems to belong to the latter class — in order for the beneficiary to be able to maintain such suit, it must appear that the telegram Avas sent solely for his benefit. — McGehee v. Western Union Telegraph Co., 169 Ala. 109, 53 South. 205, Ann. Cas. 1912B, 512; Western Union Telegraph Co. v. Adams, 154 Ala. 657, 46 South. 228; Postal Telegraph Co. v. Ford, 117 Ala. 672, 23 South. 684.
In the present case, the first count of the complaint is an action ex contractu. The appellant alleges in her complaint that her husband, Avhile at Bagdad, Fla., as her agent, sent her the telegram, using the following language: “And plaintiff avers that her said husband Avas acting for and in behalf of plaintiff and as her duly authorized agent in all said transactions with defendant in delivering said telegram and paying said 76 cents and making said contract with defendant * * * and as a proximate consequence said 76 cents is a total loss to this plaintiff.” The appellee’s evidence on the above subject, given by her husband, was as follows : “Yes, I said when I left for Bagdad that I told
The Supreme Court of Alabama has drawn a distinction between the parties who may sue ex contractu for the failure of a telegraph company to deliver, or for the negligence of the company in the transmission or delivery of a telegram, and those who may maintain a special action of trespass on the case for damages for such failure to deliver or for such negligence in the transmission or delivery of a telegram. In actions ex contractu only the parties to the contract or the sole beneficiary of the contract may sue. In actions ex delicto, not only the above parties may sue, but a party possessing a substantial benefit in the contract — not the sole beneficiary — may also sue. — McGehee v. Western Union Tel. Co., supra.
Of course, the above statement is qualified by the further statement — already made in section one of this opinion — that a mere beneficiary cannot sue either ex
The above rules have been declared by the Supreme Court, and are, of course, binding on us. The reason for the distinction in actions ex contractu and ex delicto is given in the above cases of McGehee v. Western Union Tel. Co. and Adams v. Western Union Tel. Co.
It has been many times decided that, in a special action on the case against a telegraph company for a failure to deliver, or for negligence in the transmission or delivery of a telegram, the law will not permit a recovery for mental pain and anguish unless there is a right of recovery aside from such injuries. — Western Union Telegraph Co. v. Blocker, 138 Ala. 484, 35 South. 468; Western Union Tel. Co. v. Jackson, 163 Ala. 9, 50 South. 316. In the present case the appellee’s only damages were due to the mental anxiety and distress which she suffered by reason of the failure of the appellant to deliver the telegram. It is therefore evident that she was not, under her evidence, under the law as declared by the Supreme Court of Alabama, entitled to recover under the second and third counts of the complaint. The third count of the complaint charges that the failure of the appellant to deliver the telegram was due to the wantonness of the appellant or its agents while acting within the scope of their employment, and it is plain that if appellee, under the evidence as applied to the first and second counts of her complaint, was not entitled to recover, she cannot recover upon the same evidence under the third count of the complaint.
The views above announced by us are, however, in harmony with the rules laid down by our Supreme Court, and, in our opinion, express the laws of Alabama as they now exist on the subjects discussed.
Reversed and remanded.