189 N.W.2d 116 | Mich. Ct. App. | 1971
WEAVER
v.
MICHIGAN MUTUAL LIABILITY COMPANY
Michigan Court of Appeals.
Millar, Weinberg, Necker & Johnson, for plaintiff Douglas Wayne Weaver.
Frank J. Kelley, Attorney General, Robert A. Derengoski, Solicitor General, Joseph B. Bilitzke, Assistant Attorney General, and Wallace D. Riley, Special Assistant Attorney General, for intervening plaintiff.
Martin, Bohall, Joselyn, Halsey & Rowe, P.C., for defendant.
Before: DANHOF, P.J., and HOLBROOK and BRONSON, JJ.
*607 DANHOF, J.
Plaintiff brought this action seeking a declaratory judgment interpreting the uninsured motorist provision (Part IV) of an insurance policy issued by the defendant. The Secretary of State, representing the Motor Vehicle Accident Claims Fund, intervened as a plaintiff.
The plaintiff purchased a motorcycle and while operating it was injured by an uninsured motorist. The uninsured motorist provision in the policy contains the following exclusion:
"to bodily injury to an insured while occupying an automobile (other than an insured automobile) owned by the named insured or a relative, or through being struck by such an automobile".
The motorcycle was not insured under the policy, and therefore, if a motorcycle is an automobile the exclusion applies and the defendant is not liable. On the other hand, if a motorcycle is not an automobile the exclusion does not apply and the defendant is liable. The trial court held that as the term is used in Part IV of this policy a motorcycle is not an automobile. We agree with the trial court.
In construing insurance policies we must give weight to the ordinary meaning of words and attempt to avoid strained interpretations. Edgar's Warehouse, Inc., v. United States Fidelity & Guaranty Company (1965), 375 Mich. 598; Huron Bowl, Inc., v. Security Insurance Company of New Haven (1968), 14 Mich. App. 62. We conclude that in its every day usage the term "automobile" does not include a motorcycle. See Webster's Third International Dictionary.
The ordinary meaning of a word may be varied by the context in which it is used or by being specifically defined. After a careful examination of the policy we believe that if there was an intent to *608 give an unusual meaning to the term "automobile" the policy does not clearly disclose that intent.
The term "automobile" is defined in Part V of the policy as follows:
"With respect to the coverage afforded by this part, the word `automobile' means a land motor vehicle, trailer or semi-trailer, not operated on rails or crawler treads, but does not mean a motorcycle or, except while actually upon public roads, a farm type tractor or equipment designed for use principally off public roads." (Emphasis added.)
In Part I of the policy the term "owned automobile" is defined as follows:
"a private passenger, farm or utility automobile described in this policy for which a specific premium charge indicates that coverage is afforded."
The three types of automobile contained in the term "owned automobile" are also defined in Part I:
"`private passenger automobile' means a four wheel private passenger, station wagon or jeep type automobile;
"`farm automobile' means an automobile of the truck type with a load capacity of fifteen hundred pounds or less not used for business or commercial purposes other than farming;
"`utility automobile' means an automobile, other than a farm automobile, with a load capacity of fifteen hundred pounds or less of the pick-up body, sedan-delivery or panel-truck type not used for business or commercial purposes * * *."
The fact that the term "automobile" is defined as excluding motorcycles for the purposes of Part V might tend to indicate that when the term is used elsewhere motorcycles are included. However, the definitions found in Part I, which are applicable to *609 Part IV, indicate that a motorcycle should not be considered an automobile. Thus, we conclude that the draftsmen of the policy have not clearly defined the term "automobile".
Exclusionary clauses are to be strictly construed against the insurer. Francis v. Scheper (1949), 326 Mich. 441; Michigan Mutual Liability Company v. Karsten (1968), 13 Mich. App. 46. The insurance policy was prepared by the defendant company and if defendant had intended to include motorcycles in the definition of "automobile" in Part IV of the policy it should have so stated.
In view of the foregoing an automobile as used in Part IV of the plaintiff's insurance policy does not include motorcycles.
Affirmed.
All concurred.