82 Ga. 231 | Ga. | 1889
In November, 1887, Watkins was tried for the murder of Columbus Milner, who was assassinated in July, 1886. The evidence against him was chiefly circumstantial. One of the witnesses for the State was Mrs.
The code, §3873, declares: “ To prove general bad character, the impeaching witness should be first asked as to his knowledge of the general character of his witness, and next as to what that character is, and lastly, he may be asked if, from that character, he would believe him on his oath.” No doubt this provision is in substantial consonance with the law of England, and of most of the States on the subject. No doubt, too, it contemplates primarily that present, rather than past, character is to b.e regarded. But on such a question, the past and present are so related that no complete severance between them can be made. Even those courts which seem most strict in confining the evidence to the present time, allow very considerable latitude. Compare Rogers vs. Lewis, 19 Ind. 405; City of Aurora vs. Cobb, 21 Ib. 492; Rucker vs. Beaty, 3 Ib. 70; Straton vs. State, 45 Ib. 468; Louisville, etc. Rwy. vs. Richardson, 66 Ib. 43; The Memphis Co. vs.
As the law prescribes no definite limit in time, we think the discretion of the court must of necessity be exercised in every instance where the proposed evidence is not so remote as to preclude all difference of opinion. The discretion, however, must be soundly exercised on the facts and circumstances of the particular case. Here the character sought to be proved.was the most recent one established in this State by the witness, and the one which she left behind her when she removed and settled herself in another jurisdiction. The process of our courts to enforce the attendance of witnesses would be of no avail as against residents of Florida, and it does not appear that any witness within our jurisdiction was acquainted with her 'character there. It may be said, therefore, that what was offered to be proved was all that could be proved touching the witness’s character, there being no provision of law- for taking depositions in criminal eases.
Even without this special fact of the witness’s residence beyond the limits of the State, there is respectable, and we think sound, authority for proving the character which she had formed before removal. In Sleeper vs. Yan Middleworth, 4 Denio, 431, it was ruled that the character of a witness might be impeached by persons in whose neighborhood he had lived until four years prior to the trial, though he had- then removed to another place, fourteen miles from the neighborhood, where he had since resided, and the witnesses did not
We think that the evidence tendered was admissible, and, that the court erred in not granting a new trial.
Judgment reversed.