132 Va. 368 | Va. | 1922
delivered the opinion of the court.
This is a suit brought by Julia Delia Struder’s administrator against the Washington-Virginia Railway Company, to recover damages for her death, resulting from the alleged negligence of the defendant company.
The plaintiff’s intestate was a young woman, nineteen years old, in the full enjoyment of all her faculties. She resided in the town of Potomac, between Alexandria and Washington, and was employed by the Bureau of Engraving, in Washington. Her home was near St. Elmo station, where the accident occurred, and she traveled almost daily from St. Elmo to Washington and return over the defendant company’s road, and was well acquainted with the condition and surroundings at St. Elmo station, and with the schedule of the cars over said road.
The defendant company’s road at St. Elmo has two parallel tracks and runs nearly north and south, the east track being used by north-bound cars and the west track being used by south-bound cars. Just south of St. Elmo station, these tracks pass under an overhead bridge, and the abut
The accident occurred just before dark on the afternoon of October 21, 1919. Plaintiff’s intestate walked toward the station, approaching it from the east side, to take the train on the west track for Alexandria. One of the defendant company’s electric trains, consisting of one freight car, had left Alexandria at 6:27 P. M., and made the run to St. Elmo, a distance of 3.11 miles, in about sixteen minutes. As plaintiff’s intestate attempted to cross the east track, on her way to the station, she was struck by this train, and died of her injuries the next day, without regaining consciousness.
Upon the trial, after all the evidence on both sides had been introduced, the defendant filed a demurrer to the evidence, which was overruled, and judgment was entered in' favor of the plaintiff in the sum of $3,000, the amount of damages assessed by the jury, subject to the decision of the court.
The only assignment of error relied on by the plaintiff in error is the action of the court in overruling its demurrer to the evidence.
The only eyewitness to the accident was the motorman, Edward D. Groves, who testified as follows: That he was standing at the time of the accident in the motorman’s stand, on the front of the car; that he blew his whistle— two longs and two shorts—a warning, before reaching the Washington and Old Dominion overhead bridge; that his car was running twelve or fifteen miles an hour, -with his headlights burning, when he approached St. Elmo station;
Witness Groves also testified that he blew the station whistle • at the regular place, south of the embankment, which statement was not contradicted by any other witness.
The undisputed evidence of Witness Sinclair, chief engineer of the defendant company, is that a trolley pole on the east side of the north-bound track, approximately opposite the station at St. Elmo, is eight and one-half feet from the center of the north-bound track, and that a person standing by and on a line with that trolley pole and looking south can see 280% feet down the center of the north-bound track without obstruction.
Witness had made a sketch and measurements of the physical conditions at St. Elmo station, and there is filed with his evidence a sketch and plat showing the physical conditions to be as stated by him.
1. Running the car past the station at a reckless and dangerous rate of speed.
Groves, the motorman, testified that his car left Alexandria at 6:27 P. M., and made the distance of 3.11 miles to St. Elmo station in about sixteen minutes, which was about twelve miles per hour. He said he looked at the clock on the office wall just as he started, and at his watch
No other witness testified as to the time the train arrived at St. Elmo, or as to the rate of speed the car was running, except plaintiff’s witness, Beall, who testified that he first saw it at, the overhead bridge, and it was “going fast;” “how fast, he did not know.” It is true, plaintiff’s witness Conlon, who arrived fifteen minutes after the accident, gave testimony as to where he found the car after his arrival at the station, but he could not say “for sure” where the car that struck deceased was standing when he got there, “for the simple reason that I was sort of excited at the time.”
In Springs v. Virginia Ry. & P. Co., 117 Va. 826, 86 S. E. 65, this court said: “As to the speed of the car, plaintiff in error, in testifying in the case, gave no estimate as to its speed, while other witnesses for him who undertook to speak in comprehensible language vary in their estimates of the speed of the car at from twenty-five to thirty-five miles an hour, while others use such expressions as ‘going a considerable rate of speed,’ ‘pretty rapid,’ ‘running like lightning.’ None of these witnesses, however, gave any evidence capable of conveying to the ordinary mind a definite conception of the physical fact, viz., the actual speed of the car.”
The answer to this question involves the construction of the ordinánce referred to, which reads as follows:
“Railroad Regulations.
(1) Speed Limit.—No locomotive engineer or motor car shall be propelled over and upon any grade crossing at a greater rate of speed than five miles per hour, and all such
“The person or persons having charge of such locomotive engines shall ring or cause to be rung, and the person or persons having charge of such motor car shall sound or cause to be sounded a gong or other bell or signal while approaching any such crossing. For violation of this section, the person or company so violating shall pay a fine of not less than five nor more than twenty dollars.”
The undisputed evidence shows that the town of Potomac had no street which crosses the Washington-Virginia Railway at or near St. Elmo station, and that Braddock avenue, or, as it is sometimes called, La Verne avenue, terminates at the eastern boundary of its right of wa.y. The only approach to the station is by two footpaths, which lead to the cinder sidewalk on the east of the tracks, or by coming downstairs, on the west side, from the right of way of the Washington and Old Dominion Railway. It is manifest, therefore, that there is no grade crossing at St. Elmo, within the meaning of this ordinance, and that the ordinance has no application to this case.
3. Violation of the ordinance requiring the sounding of a gong or bell, or signal, while approaching the crossing.
For the reason just stated, this part of the ordinance has no application here.
Motorman Groves testified that the lights were burning when he reached St. Elmo, and is not contradicted by the testimony of any other witness. Hatton, plaintiff’s witness, testified there was “no headlight lit” when the car passed Hume, but made no statement as to the lights when the car arrived at St. Elmo, which is 900 to 1,000 feet north of Hume. Besides, the car arrived at St. Elmo at 6:43,
The plaintiff’s intestate was injured before she reached the station, and there is nothing in the record to show that lights in the station would have in any way prevented the accident. If the lack of lights in the station was negligence, it was in no way the proximate cause of the injury complained of.
A fair consideration of his testimony as a whole will not lead an impartial mind to the conclusion that Groves has testified falsely in any respect. His testimony being true, and the physical conditions at St. Elmo being as shown in evidence, we have no difficulty in reaching a just and proper conclusion on the question of contributory negligence.
The situation alluded to in the opinion of the court in Wilmouth v. Southern Ry. Co., 125 Va. 520, 99 S. E. 665, and in .the authorities there cited, relied on by the defendant in error, as being a, situation in which the action of a person going on the track without looking to see if a second train is coming, is not negligence per se, was the immediately preceding passage of another train. In the instant case there is no evidence that any train immediately preceded the one which killed the deceased. So far as the evidence discloses, the next preceding train was on its schedule time, which was seven minutes ahead of the train which struck the deceased.
speaking for the court in the Wilmouth Case, says: “The conduct of the plaintiff’s intestate in stepping upon the track in front of such visible danger, almost immediately upon him, must, under all the authorities, be regarded as negligence per se, which was the proximate cause of his death.” Citing Thompson on Neg., 1666, 1667, 1672.
It is contended by defendant in error that plaintiff’s intestate was on the premises of the defendant company by its invitation to become a passenger on its trains, and that she had a right to assume that the railroad company would so operate its trains as not to put her in peril, and that in such cases the strict rule as to looking and listening does not apply.
* This authority, if authority be necessary, is conclusive of the instant case.
Upon the whole record, for the foregoing reasons, we are of the opinion that the plaintiff in error was guilty of no negligence which was the proximate cause of the injury complained of, and that the contributory negligence of the plaintiff’s intestate was the direct and proximate cause of her death, and bars a recovery.
It follows, therefore, that the circuit court erred in overruling the demurrer to the evidence relied on by the defendant; and the judgment complained of will be reversed, and judgment entered here for the plaintiff in error.
Reversed.