71 So. 868 | Miss. | 1916
delivered the opinion of the court.
The state, on relation of E. B. Poole, instituted this: quo warranto proceeding in the circuit' court of the First district of Hinds county, making known to the court that on the 19th day of June, 1915, E. B. Poole was duly and regularly selected county health officer of Hinds county by the state board of health for the term and period of two years from June 19, 1915; that his appointment
The writ of quo warranto was issued and executed upon Dr. Ware, who appeared and interposed a demurrer to the petition, the material portion of which is as follows:
“First. The petition shows on its face that ho cause of action exists against this defendant. . Second. The petition further shows on its face that the said E. B. Poole was removed by the state board of health under section 2490, Code of 1906, giving the state board of health full authority to remove -any county health officer at anv meeting, and that for this reason this petition should be dismissed. Third. The petition further shows that the said E. B. Poole was county health officer and removed by the health board; full authority being given, under the law for the health board to take this action and when taken by them, as it was in this case, is in strict conformity to the law, and not in violation of any section of the Constitution of the state.”
The case was by agreement of the parties submitted to the circuit judge on petition and demurrer thereto. The demurrer was overruled, the defendant declined to plead further, and brings before us for review the action of the lower court in overruling the demurrer and granting the relief prayed for.
The petition and exhibit thereto show, and the demurrer admits, that Dr. Poole was the legally constituted health officer of the county, in the midst of his term, and in the active discharge of the duties of his office when the state board of health, composed largely of new members, undertook to remove the relator without cause and
It is the contention of counsel for appellant that section 2490, Code of 1906, expressly vprovides that “the state board of health may at any meeting remove any county health officer, . . . and fill the vacancy thereby occasioned;” that every appointee to this office takes it with the implied agreement and understanding that the state board of health may remove him at any meeting, and that any incumbent, therefore, has no vested right to the full term of two years expressly provided “by section 2490. In determining the status, duties, and tenure of office of the county health officer the several provisions or sections of chapter 64 ■ of the Code on ‘‘Health and Quarantine” must be read and construed together. Section 2491 provides that:
“A competent physician shall be appointed .county health officer for and from each county by tbe state board of health, whose term of office shall be for two
Section 2494 defines his duties and places this official in a general way under the joint supervision of the state board of health and the board of supervisors of his county. Section 2509 provides:
“The county health officer shall receive for his services an annual salary, to be fixed in advance by the board of supervisors, which may' be payable monthly out of the county treasury.”
Section 2516 authorizes the board of supervisors to make provisions for screening cisterns and* fumigating and disinfecting houses upon the recommendation of the county health officer, and section 2516a arms this officer with the authority to enter the premises of any person for purposes of fumigating and disinfecting or oiling, and makes it a misdemeanor for any person to refuse to allow the health officer to enter for such purpose. It is true the county health officer is charged with the duty of enforcing the rules and regulations of the state board of health'.' It is also true that the duty is devolved upon . him to carry out the instructions of the board of supervisors in investigating and examining into the sanitary condition of schools, prisons, meat shops, and other places of public resort, and of reporting his actions and opinion to the board of supervisors, as well as to the state board of health; and it is the board of supervisors who are required to defray the expense incurred by the county health officer in dealing with infectious and contagious diseases. It is interesting to note that under the Code of 1880 the governor of the state was authorized to appoint and to remove a county health officer in each county. Section 790 Code of 1880. The position is therefore one provided by the legislature many years ago, and the incumbent is beyond question a servant of the public, and responsible to the people of his bounty for the manner in which he discharges the large and im
“The laws for the protection of the public health,, under which appellee was appointed are of general application, and cannot be nullified in any county by the failure of the board of supervisors to fix the salary of the general health officer of the county, after he has been duly appointed, or by their fixing it at a rate so far below the maximum that no competent physician will accept the office.”
The legislature, therefore, never contemplated or intended that the state board of health should have or exercise the power of removal “at any meeting” without reason, notice, or hearing. The proper construction of the statute simply means that the state board may exercise the power of removal for good or reasonable cause. What is or is not reasonable cause may well be a matter largely within the discretion of the board, but certain it is that the legislature never intended that one of our public officers should be thrust out of office without any reason whatever. The humblest employee in the private walks of life, with a definite contract of employment for a stated period of time, could not thus summarily be discharged from service without good cause. This interpretation of the statute does no violence to the language employed by the legislature. If this is not the meaning of that section giving the board the right te
The views here expressed render it unnecessary for ns to harmonize the statute in question or the statutory method of removal with section 175 of our state Constitution.
Affirmed.