500 S.E.2d 601 | Ga. Ct. App. | 1998
WARE
v.
The STATE.
Court of Appeals of Georgia.
*602 Ralph L. Phillips, for appellant.
Charles M. Ferguson, District Attorney, Keith W. Day, Assistant District Attorney, for appellee.
HAROLD R. BANKE, Senior Appellate Judge.
Winnie Ware was convicted of reckless endangerment to children and possession of marijuana with intent to distribute. On appeal, she enumerates eight errors.
This case arose after law enforcement authorities arrested Christopher Irby, Ware's boyfriend, upon discovering two packages of cocaine, over $1,000 in cash and a motel room key on his person. Shortly thereafter, the officers decided to investigate the room where Ware and her six-year-old daughter were also staying. The authorities knocked; Ware asked who it was; and they identified themselves, unlocked the door and entered. The officers immediately discovered Ware, her young daughter, and the smell of marijuana smoke. After learning of Irby's arrest, Ware consented to a search of the room, stating it was his room, not hers. During the search, the authorities found over two ounces of marijuana, several sizes of baggies, and some marijuana butts in an ashtray. Held:
1. The trial court did not abuse its discretion in denying Ware's motion to sever the drug charge from the reckless endangerment charge. Varnadoe v. State, 227 Ga. App. 663, 664(1), 490 S.E.2d 517 (1997). The crimes and acts were so intertwined that some of the same evidence would have been required at separate trials on each charge, a valid reason for joinder of the offenses. Johnson v. State, 257 Ga. 731, 733(2)(c), 363 S.E.2d 540 (1988); Davis v. State, 159 Ga. App. 356(1), 283 S.E.2d 286 (1981).
In her brief, Ware attempts to enlarge her enumeration by arguing that the trial court erred by failing to give a promised limiting instruction upon the introduction of a similar transaction which related only to the drug charge. Because this issue was not properly raised in the enumerations of error, it will not be addressed. Guest v. State, 229 Ga.App. 627, 628(1), 494 S.E.2d 523 (1997).
2. Ware challenges the trial court's decision to reseat on the petit jury several members of the venire she had peremptorily stricken. After Ware used 11 of her 12 strikes to remove whites from the jury during voir dire, the State asserted a *603 challenge under Georgia v. McCollum, 505 U.S. 42, 112 S.Ct. 2348, 120 L.Ed.2d 33 (1992), which applied Batson v. Kentucky, 476 U.S. 79, 106 S.Ct. 1712, 90 L.Ed.2d 69 (1986) to criminal defendants' peremptory strikes. Because the State successfully established a prima facie case of purposeful racial discrimination, Ware was required to "set forth a race-neutral, case-related, clear and reasonably specific explanation for the exercise of the peremptory strike." Turner v. State, 267 Ga. 149, 151(2), 476 S.E.2d 252 (1996). The trial court determined that Ware failed to present articulably race-neutral reasons for six of the eleven challenged strikes.
This decision is entitled to "great deference" and must be upheld unless clearly erroneous. Id. Explanations which are so implausible or fantastic as to be pretextual may provide a basis for finding that an improper discriminatory motive underlay the strike. Id.
Ware's counsel argued that he struck one venireperson because his family was racist, another because Ware felt uncomfortable when she looked at him, a third because she had grandchildren the same age as Ware's daughter and worked with a racially biased individual, a fourth because Ware "sense[d] something from her," a fifth because of the place he worked and a "predisposition of bias towards [sic] the blacks," and a sixth because she was a white, middle-class, very strict farmer's wife. He also argued that because his client was African-American, "a jury of her peers should be predominantly black."
Four of these explanations are not race-neutral on their face. The remaining two, based solely on Ware's professed intuition about the venire members, are not case-related, clear or reasonably specific. In these circumstances, we cannot say the trial court clearly erred in rejecting Ware's explanations.
3. Ware maintains the admission of a second officer's testimony about the similar transaction was sufficiently prejudicial to require reversal. The second officer's testimony established the amount of currency and contraband seized during the similar transaction, information the State's initial witness was unable to provide.
Ware offers no authority supporting her argument, and we have found none. To the contrary, in numerous cases more than one witness has offered testimony on the same similar transaction. See, e.g., Blige v. State, 205 Ga.App. 133, 134(2), 421 S.E.2d 547 (1992); Carter v. State, 199 Ga.App. 843, 844(2), 406 S.E.2d 238 (1991); Norton v. State, 199 Ga.App. 27, 28, 403 S.E.2d 884 (1991). The testimony at issue was not sufficiently cumulative or prejudicial to warrant reversal. Because Ware's additional argument regarding Exhibit 9 was not enumerated as error, we decline to address it. Guest, 229 Ga.App. at 628(1), 494 S.E.2d 523.
4. Ware failed to support her remaining enumerations with any argument or citation of authority. They are therefore deemed abandoned. Court of Appeals Rule 27(c)(2); Sprinkles v. State, 227 Ga.App. 112, 114(3), 488 S.E.2d 492 (1997).
Judgment affirmed.
BIRDSONG, P.J., and JOHNSON, J., concur.
