100 N.Y.S. 1058 | N.Y. Sup. Ct. | 1906
The plaintiff brings this action to recover damages for injuries sustained by falling through a hole in the floor of a privy vault. A portion of the floor had been removed, and the opening was left unguarded. Each of the defendants separately demur to the complaint upon the ground that the complaint does not state facts sufficient to constitute a cause of action.
The allegation of the complaint is that the defendant Abram S. Post, as committee of the said John Eogers, “ is
The committee of a person adjudged to be a lunatic takes no title to the real property belonging to the said lunatic. He .is a mere bailiff to take charge of his property and to administer it subject to the direction of the court. Matter of Otis, 101 N. Y. 580; Pharis v. Gere, 110 id. 336. The control and management of the lunatic’s estate has been taken from him, but nothing more. People ex rel. Smith v. Commissioner of Taxes, 100 N. Y. 215.
Taking all of the allegations of the complaint together, I think it impliedly avers that the premises in question form part of the estate of the defendant Rogers, who is a lunatic, of which estate the defendant Post is the committee.
A complaint, to which demurrer is taken, is deemed to allege what can be implied from the allegations therein by reasonable and fair intendment. Pacts impliedly averred are traversable in the same maimer as though directly averred. Marie v. Garrison, 83 N. Y. 14; Sanders v. Soutter, 126 id. 193. I think, therefore, the complaint squarely presents the question whether, if a person sustains an injury through the negligence of the committee of .a lunatic in the management of real property belonging to such lunatic, a cause of action arises either against the lunatic or the committee in his . representative capacity. It is undoubtedly true that á lunatic is just as responsible for hjs torts as a sane person, except perhaps-those in which malice, and therefore intention, actual or implied, is a necessary ingredient. Williams v. Hays, 143 N. Y. 442.
But in this case the tort was-not the tort of the lunatic. The negligent act complained of arose in connection with the control and management of the estate. But he had been deprived of this control and management long before. If the injury had resulted from a defective condition of the
I think, therefore, the defendant John Rogers was in no way responsible for the negligent.acts of his committee, and that the demurrer interposed in his behalf must be sustained. I think also that the defendant Abram S. Post is not liable in his representative capacity for the negligence complained of.
It has been repeatedly held that trustees of an express trust in real estate, when the legal title is vested in them for the purposes of the trust and the duty is thereby imposed upon them of caring for and managing the estate and keeping the premises in repair, are hot liable in their representative capacity for negligent failure so to do. Moniot v. Jackson, 40 Misc. Rep. 197; Gillick v. Jackson, Id. 627.
In this case, while the care and management of the estate was devolved upon the committee, no legal title was vested in him. Much more then in such case is there no liability of the committee in a representative capacity, so as to make the lunatic’s estate ultimately liable for his personal torts. It is unnecessary to consider whether an action could be maintained against the committee personally for the acts complained of. The title of the action, the allegations of the complaint and the prayer for relief may all be considered in determining whether the defendant is sued in a representative or an individual capacity. First National Bank v. Shuler, 153 N. Y. 163; Williamson v. Stevens, 84 App. Div. 524.
The demurrer of the defendant Abram S. Post as committee must also be sustained.
Judgment is directed accordingly; but, as both ^defendants appeared by the same attorney, only one bill of costs will be allowed.
Judgment accordingly.