39 Iowa 33 | Iowa | 1874
Ip. November, 1873, Henry A. Nienau, plaintiff’s intestate, took passage upon a car, called a “ caboose,” attached to a freight train upon defendant’s road, to be transported from Guttenbnrg to McGregor. He was sixty or sixty-five years of age, of ordinary health, quite hard of hearing, and could speak and understand the English language imperfectly. ■ The train stopped at Clayton, and the deceased there went upon the front platform of the “ caboose” in which he was riding. Two or three other persons were in the car; one of them, who was at the time of the accident an employe of the defendant, testifies that on going out upon the front platform he heard an “ extra” freight train coming, and soonsawit approaching, in the language of this witness, “ working heavy.” He immediately called to the persons within to escape, who thereupon jumped from the car. The witness then said to deceased that “ he had better be getting out of there.” As he made no answer, witness supposing that he did not understand what, was said, seized his person and attempted to drag him off the car, repeating his first words of alarm. Being unable to remove the deceased, the witness sprang off without him,
The “ extra” train was going in the same direction with the: train upon which the intestate was a passenger, and, at the time of the collision, was running at the rate of ten miles an hour, at least. The car in which deceased was a passenger was. at the time standing upon the main track. There were two side tracks at this place, and a switch 290 feet distant in the-direction the “ extra” train approached, which changed the cars to these side tracks. On account of a curve and obstrue-' tions the approaching engine was first visible to one upon the “ caboose” at the switch, a distance of 290 feet as aforesaid.
The foregoing are undisputed facts. There was also evi-. dence tending to show that immediately before- the accident the deceased was in a position where he might have seen the1 approaching train; that is, the train would have been visible-to him had he looked in that direction.
I. Proper instructions were given to the jury as to the liability of defendant for the death of the intestate, if it resulfed from the negligence of defendant without any contributory negligence on his part. The following instructions' were intended to guide the jury in determining whether the, deceased contributed to his death by his own negligence:
“8. If deceased, while standing on the platform of the carp saw the approaching train, and was warned to get off, and resisted efforts to pull him off, knowing that such efforts were' intended to free him from the danger of a collision, and was killed in consequence of remaining upon the platform when-he might have escaped by the exercise of such care and caution' as an ordinarily prudent person would have exercised under such circumstances, plaintiff cannot recover.
9. If the injury which caused the death of decedent would not have occurred but for the negligence of the employes of defendant, still if the injury would have been prevented by the exercise of ordinary care and caution on the part of decedent, the plaintiff cannot recover.
10. If Nienau was a passenger on defendant’s train at the-
11. To show that Nienau had notice of the approaching danger, it is not enough to show that he was told to get off, or that he resisted an attempt to put him off. It must also appear, from the evidence, that he was informed or knew of the danger, or why there was an attempt to put him off.
12. In deciding whether or not Nienau had notice of the danger, you will take into consideration the circumstances surrounding the transaction, his own conduct and that of others about him; what was said to him, who said it, whether or not he heard and understood, how long the danger lasted, and how he was employed at the time the danger existed.
13. The fact that Nienau saw but an approaching train would not alone prove negligence on his part, but you are to judge from all the circumstances of the case whether Nienau had reason to believe that such approaching train threatened a collision.
14. If Nienau had notice of the danger he would not. be required to escape unless he had possession and control of his mental faculties, and if these were stupefied or distracted by the magnitude of the danger, the defendant cannot escape liability on the ground that plaintiff did not act considerately.”
II. The tenth instruction cannot be successfully assailed. "While the train was at rest, the platform cannot be considered as a place of danger, and the deceased had a right to presume that proper care would be exercised to .prevent a collision while the car ivas not moving. Neither does this position demand further support than its mere statement.
III. The fourteenth instruction is made the ground of a special objection. It is claimed that there was no evidence before the jury to which it is applicable. The jury would be authorized from all the circumstances of the case to determine, if deceased did see the approaching train at the time it was claimed he could have seen it, whether the danger was so threatening as to alarm, confuse, or stupefy the defendant, and whether he had time to recover the control of his faculties so that he could have exercised them for his safety. These questions the jury could well determine by-applying their knowledge of men, obtained by experience in the affairs of life, to the facts disclosed by the evidence.
IY. The thirteenth instruction is claimed by defendant’s counsel to be incorrect. It is shown by the evidence that at the place of the accident there were two side tracks, and there was a switch in the direction of the approaching train, intended to lead cars upon these tracks. The deceased, seeing these side tracks, and knowing the use of the switch, may have’supposed the train causing the accident was intended to run upon the side tracks. The instruction left the jury to determine whether the existence of the side tracks and switch, with the knowledge of their proper use possessed by deceased, were suf-' ficient to authorize a belief in his mind that the approaching car threatened no danger, but was intended to be run upon one of the side tracks.
Certain instructions asked by defendant, and refused by the court, contain principles in conflict with those above given; others embody rules which are distinctly announced in the instructions given. Their refusal in either case was not error.
VI. A witness introduced by defendant was asked to state how many important offices he had filled. An objection to the evidence was correctly sustained. The counsel for defendant claims that the evidence was admissible in order to show the credibility of the witness. The truthfulness of a witness is always presumed; there was no attempt to impeach this one. The proposed evidence was unnecessary for the purpose of ■establishing the witness’ credibility.
• VII. Evidence was offered and rejected tending to show the ignorance of the deceased in regard to the laws of the •State, and the powers of certain officers. It was not relevant to any issue in the case. The deceased was a German, and could not speak the English language well. lie could not be ■exj^ected to be familiar with the laws of the State. His ignorance would not decrease the pecuniary value .of his life tó his 'estate, inasmuch as his pursuit did not require intelligence '-upon the subjects of law and government.
■ The deceased was shown by the evidence to he from fifty-■seven to sixty-five years of age, in the enjoyment of reasonable 'health, for a man- of -bis years,- of .industrious habits, add.' pos
• We have examined all the points presented in the argument of defendant’s counsel, and find no error in the rulings of the Circuit Court.
Affirmed.