940 P.2d 509 | Okla. Crim. App. | 1997
Gary Alan WALKER, Petitioner,
v.
STATE of Oklahoma, Respondent.
Court of Criminal Appeals of Oklahoma.
Gloyd L. McCoy, Coyle & McCoy, Oklahoma City, Jack Gordon, Gordon & Gordon, Claremore, for petitioner on appeal.
*510 No response necessary from State.
OPINION DENYING POST-CONVICTION RELIEF
STRUBHAR, Vice Presiding Judge:
Petitioner, Gary Alan Walker, was tried by a jury and convicted of First Degree Murder in the District Court of Tulsa County, Case No. CRF-84-2088. In accordance with the jury's recommendation he was sentenced to death. Petitioner appealed this judgment and sentence to this Court and we affirmed both in Walker v. State, 723 P.2d 273 (Okl.Cr.), cert. denied, 479 U.S. 995, 107 S. Ct. 599, 93 L. Ed. 2d 600 (1986). Petitioner subsequently sought post-conviction relief in the District Court of Tulsa County. After the district court denied his application, he appealed to this Court. The denial of relief was affirmed by this Court in Walker v. State, 826 P.2d 1002 (Okl.Cr.), cert. denied, 506 U.S. 898, 113 S. Ct. 280, 121 L. Ed. 2d 207 (1992).
Petitioner filed a petition for writ of habeas corpus in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Oklahoma. Prior to the disposition of this petition, the United States Supreme Court handed down its decision in Cooper v. Oklahoma, ___ U.S. ___, 116 S. Ct. 1373, 134 L. Ed. 2d 498 (1996). Petitioner supplemented his brief on the habeas petition to include a claim for relief under Cooper. In an order issued on May 20, 1996, the Federal District Court declined to rule on Petitioner's habeas application until he had exhausted his state remedies and sought review by this Court of the Cooper issue. Accordingly, Petitioner has filed a second application for post-conviction relief with this Court based entirely upon the Supreme Court's recent decision in Cooper.
Petitioner initially notes that at the time of his post-examination competency hearing Oklahoma law required him to prove his incompetence by clear and convincing evidence. The Supreme Court recently held in Cooper v. Oklahoma that this burden of proof is unconstitutional as it violates due process. Petitioner contends that this ruling is an intervening change in law which entitles him to relief. This Court has recently addressed this very issue in Walker v. State, 933 P.2d 327 (Okl.Cr.1997). In Walker we held that where the clear and convincing standard was not challenged on direct appeal it is deemed waived for purposes of capital post-conviction review unless petitioner can show that the issue could not have been raised on direct appeal. Id. at 339. See also 22 O.S.Supp.1995, § 1089(C)(1). Under the Post-Conviction Procedure Act, a legal basis for a claim is deemed to have been unavailable for direct appeal "if the legal ground supporting it either was not recognized by a court as precedent at the time of his direct appeal or is a new rule of constitutional law which has been given retroactive effect." Walker, 933 P.2d at 339. See also 22 O.S.Supp.1995, § 1089(D)(9)(a) and (b). In light of the Supreme Court's discussion in Cooper which found that years of case law support the conclusion that the clear and convincing burden of proof is unconstitutional, this Court found in Walker that petitioner's challenge to the clear and convincing burden of proof "was recognized by and could have reasonably been formulated from a final decision of the United States Supreme Court at the time he filed his direct appeal brief. . . ." Walker, 933 P.2d at 339. This Court also found that the United States Supreme Court in Cooper did not proffer a new rule of constitutional law but rather "applied well established constitutional principles to facts generated by a rather new state statute." Id. Accordingly, this Court denied Walker's claim finding that it did not meet the prerequisite to capital post-conviction review. We find that this same analysis applies to Petitioner's claim in the present case. It is also worthy of notation that because this is not Petitioner's original application for post-conviction relief, but rather a subsequent one, 22 O.S.Supp.1995, § 1089(D)(8) imposes an additional procedural bar to post-conviction relief which has not been overcome in this application. Accordingly, this petition for post-conviction relief is DENIED.
CHAPEL, P.J., and JOHNSON and LUMPKIN, JJ. concur.
LANE, J. dissent.
LANE, Judge, dissenting.
I dissent. I would remand this case to the trial court for a proper determination of competency *511 under the requirements of Cooper v. Oklahoma, ___ U.S. ___, 116 S. Ct. 1373, 134 L. Ed. 2d 498 (1996), for the same reasons I expressed in Walker v. State, 933 P.2d 327, 68 OBJ 316 (Okl.Cr.1997).
