287 S.W. 228 | Ky. Ct. App. | 1926
Affirming.
In this declaratory judgment proceeding filed by appellant and plaintiff below, R.K. Walker, a citizen and taxpayer of Jefferson county, against appellees and defendants below, the members of the Jefferson county fiscal court, and Merritt Drane, plaintiff contests the validity of certain proceedings of the fiscal court of the county had on June 14, 1926, whereby the court attempted to elect the defendant, Drane, county road engineer of the county for a term of four years beginning August 18, 1926, at which time the current term which Drane was then filling would expire. The learned trial judge held that the questioned election was valid and dismissed the proceeding, to reverse which plaintiff prosecutes this appeal.
By section 1, chapter 119, Session's Acts of 1918, page 535 (now section 4356L-1 of the 1922 edition of Carroll's Kentucky Statutes) there was created in all counties in this Commonwealth containing a population of over 200,000 the office of county road engineer for such counties and who should be elected by the fiscal court of the county, "whether it be composed of the justices of the peace of said county and the county judge, or three commissioners and the county judge." This section also provides for the qualifications of such engineer and section 2 of the act (now 4356L-2 of the same statutes) says: "Said county road engineer shall hold his office for a period of four years from the date of his election; provided, *35 however, that the fiscal court is empowered to remove said engineer for inefficiency, incompetency, or for neglect of duty, after charges duly preferred and hearing given said engineer." The first incumbency in that office for Jefferson county began on August 18, 1918, upon which date it was filled by the members of the Jefferson fiscal court for a term of four years, which expired August 18, 1922. At the latter day or prior thereto (it not clearly appearing in the record) the defendant, Drane, was elected by the same court for a full four year term, which would expire August 18, 1926.
At the time of the questioned proceeding herein the fiscal court of Jefferson county consisted of the county judge, who is a member by virtue of his office, and three commissioners elected by the voters of the county, and the county judge has the power and authority as such member greater than a mere presiding officer and has the right to participate in the proceedings of the court the same as any of its other members. See section 144 of the Constitution and the cases of Bath County v. Daugherty,
A number of reasons are urged and discussed against the validity of the recited action of the fiscal court by counsel for plaintiff, but we deem it necessary to consider and determine only two of them, the others being regarded as entirely without merit, and those two are: (1) Whether Kirchdorfer, who was not present on June 14, could object to the approval of the minutes of that meeting, or move to reconsider when he was not present and did not participate thereat, and (2) was it lawful for the fiscal court to elect a county road engineer for a term to begin 65 days in the future, which, of course, was at a *37
time when there was no vacancy in the office either by expiration of the regular term or otherwise? Those questions will be herein determined, but before doing so we deem it proper to say that we have heretofore held, in substance, that, county courts have the power to adjourn from day to day, but they are not required to adjourn each day they cease to transact business. They may, if they see proper, treat the entire time they are in session as one day, and make and sign but one adjourning order. Dye v. Knox, 1 Bibb 575. That pronouncement of the law was also approved in the case of Garrard County Court v. McKee, 11 Bush 238, and the still later one of Commonwealth v. Howard,
1. Section 1842 of our present statutes, which relates to the proceedings of fiscal courts, says: "Before every adjournment the minutes of the proceedings of said court shall be publicly read by the clerk of the court, and corrected, if necessary; and the same shall be signed by the county judge or presiding judge, with the approval of the justices of the peace present when the court was held;" and the next following section (1843) is in these words: "No minute or order of the fiscal court shall be valid until the same be read and signed as aforesaid, nor unless the record shows by whom the court was held." The court had under consideration those sections in some or all of the cases supra, and especially the Fox case and one of the same style reported in
The case of Fox v. Lantrip, reported in 162 Ky.supra, is relied on by counsel for plaintiff in support of this contention, but we do not so construe that opinion. It recites the facts of that case, and then referred to and quoted sections 1842 and 1843 supra, and held that the facts did not show a legal approval of the action therein sought to be upheld, which was the fixing of the salary of the county school superintendent for Hopkins county for the year 1910. It appeared that there was some sort of meeting of the fiscal court of Hopkins county on the 19th of August, 1909, and there was a penciled entry on a minute book kept by the clerk (but not the order book of the court) saying: "Ordered that supt. salary be fixed for yr. 1910." After that, and before the meeting of the court at the succeeding session on November 16, the clerk duly and regularly wrote out in the order book that the salary of the superintendent had been ordered to be fixed at ten cents per pupil child in the county. At the last meeting on November 16, the court refused to approve that order, and no further action was taken. In holding that no legal order was made the opinion said: "It does not appear that it (the October order) was ever approved in this way, but, instead, the court at its adjourned term, November 16th, 1909, refused to approve said order, and *39 made an order setting it aside, and thereupon, for the first time, made an order fixing the salary of the school superintendent at $1,500.00 per year for the ensuing four years. In fact, it does not seem that there was any necessity for the court, at its term held on the 16th day of November, to make any order rescinding or setting aside the order put upon the order book by the clerk, since it had no validity."
We have no such case here, since the minutes of the meeting of the Jefferson fiscal court on June 14, 1926, even if not road or approved and signed on that day, were read and approved at the meeting of June 18, a continuation of the first meeting, and under the cases supra, it will be conclusively presumed that the requirements of the statute were complied with. We, therefore, conclude that the election of Drane was validly done by the fiscal court, provided it was competent for it to do so at the time it did, which brings us to a consideration of the second point above stated.
2. support of this contention, i. e., that the fiscal court was without authority to make the election until the expiration of Drane's current term on August 18, 1926, it is argued that by the terms of section 4356L-2 supra, the county road engineer "shall hold his office for a period of four years from the dateof his election" (our italics), and that a proper construction of that language requires that the election must be had either upon the day of the termination of the current term or some day thereafter, since the statute requires the term for which he was elected to run from the day of his election and if it occurred before the expiration of the preceding term then the latter would be shortened or curtailed to the extent of that intervening period, and the predecessor in office would be deprived of his full four year term, which, it is argued, the fiscal court had no legal right to do. If the language, "four years from the date of his election," was intended to apply to elections for all succeeding terms following the one for the first term under the statute, there might be room for the argument, but we are not inclined to adopt that interpretation. The legislature in employing that language did not know the precise date that the fiscal courts, to which the act was made applicable, would first elect, and the statute nowhere designated a date for the beginning of the first or any succeeding *40 term; and, therefore, the court could do so on any date it saw proper. When done the person elected for the first term under the statute would hold his office for a period of four years from that date and future terms would be for four years beginning on the same date each quadrennial year thereafter. The electing or appointing authority in such cases would thereafter be informed of the exact date upon which the term would expire and when a successor should be installed. It therefore, was certain to the members of the Jefferson fiscal court on June 14 that a vacancy would occur in the office on August 18 following, a period of 65 days after the action complained of in this case. If the court was compelled to postpone the election until the expiration of the current term it would be contrary to the customary and usual course in the choosing of officers, whether by some appointing authority, electing body or by the people, because we know as a matter of common knowledge that by either appointing authorities or elective bodies, the election for the following term is most generally made in advance of the vacancy created by the expiration of the current term; and that elections by the people are also so held; and when the beginning of the term of the county engineer in this case became fixed by the election of the first incumbent in the office, it was the same as if the legislature had fixed the day for the beginning of the term of the officer for that county. If it were otherwise as to succeeding terms, then there would be an interregnum or vacancy in the office if a term expired on Sunday, or if at the time of the expiration a majority of the electors were from any cause unable to attend a meeting of the body. Other instances might be imagined where great confusion would result if it was incompetent for the fiscal court to elect the officer at any time before the expiration of the current term. We do not think the legislature intended for its language to be so construed.
But we are not without authority from this court sustaining the views we have expressed. In the case of Dixon v. Caudill,
It may be that political advantage was sought by the election of Drane on June 14, but that fact alone does not invalidate the proceedings if they otherwise conformed to the law, and we can give no legal significance to it.
Finding no error in the judgment authorizing its reversal, it is accordingly affirmed. Whole court sitting.