113 N.H. 383 | N.H. | 1973
The primary issue in this case is whether the plaintiff voluntarily quit her job under the unemployment compensation statute (RSA 282:4 A (1) (Supp. 1972)) and regulations so as to be ineligible for benefits. A subsidiary issue is whether plaintiff was available for work in accordance with the requirements of RSA 282:3 C.
Prior to July 26, 1971, plaintiff had been employed on a full-time basis for twenty-four years as a coner and rewinder for the defendant Troy Mills, Inc. On that date she requested and was granted a leave of absence in order to attend to her husband who had suddenly been stricken with a serious sickness. At the expiration of her authorized leave of absence on September 7, 1971, she asked to return to work but was informed that she was laid off for lack of work with the rest of her shift which had been eliminated in toto during the month of August.
Plaintiff initially applied for unemployment compensation benefits on September 8, 1971, requesting benefits from September 7. Her claim was denied by a certifying officer under RSA 282:4 A (1) (Supp. 1972) on the ground that she had voluntarily terminated her employment. In a split decision, the appeal tribunal upheld this decision, and plaintiff appealed to the superior court. The Court (Grant, J.), after a hearing, upheld the department’s denial of her claim and transferred plaintiff s exceptions to this court.
RSA 282:4 A (1) (Supp. 1972) provides that a claimant is disqualified for benefits for a stated period if “[h]e left his work voluntarily without good cause in accordance with rules and regulations of the commissioner.” Putnam v. Department of Employment Security, 103 N.H. 495, 175 A.2d 519
The evidence was clear that the plaintiff was granted a leave of absence for a definite time by the employer and in accordance with the collective bargaining agreement effective at the time. Even plaintiff’s employer, a defendant named in this case, testified on plaintiff’s behalf through two of its officials that it at all times had agreed “to continue the employee-employer relationship.” That the employment relationship did in fact continue is attested to by the fact that plaintiff retained her seniority status throughout her leave of absence and subsequent layoff; the collective bargaining agreement provided that an employee “shall lose all seniority rights if he . . . quits or terminates his employment.” Moreover, plaintiff received holiday pay for Labor Day during her leave of absence and a Christmas bonus during her layoff; her retirement benefits remained in force during both periods; and the company continued during both periods to pay the premiums on her life and medical insurance. None of these benefits would have been available to the plaintiff had she voluntarily quit or been discharged.
This case is unlike Howley v. State, 107 N.H. 180, 219 A.2d 450 (1966), where we found that the employment relationship did not continue during the claimant’s four month leave of absence which was for an indefinite period of time. “The plaintiff s absence of months might well have extended into years, or he might never have been able to resume work.” Id. at 182, 219 A.2d at 451. If we were to adopt the theory of the department, a person who had the misfortune to have taken a single day off from work at the particular time a layoff occurred would be deemed to have voluntarily quit his employment. Such is contrary to the language of the statute and regulation and to the underlying purpose of the law “to insure in limited measure against unemployment of individuals regularly attached to the labor market which is not occasioned with their consent or by their fault.” Wellman v. Riley, 95 N.H. 507, 510, 67 A.2d 428, 429 (1949); accord, Weiss-Lawrence, Inc. v. Riley, 100 N.H. 41, 118 A.2d 731 (1955). Plaintiffs unemployment after September 7 was occasioned not by her leave of absence but by her employer’s lack of work. We hold that she became involuntarily unemployed
This conclusion was implicit in Kurowski v. N.H. Dep’t of Employment Security, 107 N.H. 177, 219 A.2d 281 (1966). We there held that the claimant who had been expressly denied a pregnancy leave of absence terminated her employment voluntarily when she left her job. The result in that case would have been different had she been granted a leave of absence. We stated: “There is no specific provision in the statute compelling an employer to grant a leave of absence to an employee because of pregnancy.” Id. at 179, 219 A.2d at 283. In addition to the Kurowski case, the decisions from other jurisdictions cited previously support the conclusion we reach today. See also Sipser, Maternity Leave: Judicial and Arbitral Interpretation 1970-72, 24 Lab. L.J. 173 (1973).
Throughout the proceedings in this case, the emphasis has been upon the issue of whether plaintiff voluntarily quit her employment. Contrary to the appeal tribunal and the superior court, we have found that she did not. The question of her availability for work under RSA 282:3 C arose late in the administrative proceedings and clearly was treated as an ancillary issue of secondary importance at both the administrative and trial court hearings. The evidence in the record tends to support the plaintiff on this point but, since the superior court made no specific findings or rulings, it is impossible for us to tell in whose favor this issue was resolved at trial. Under these circumstances, we think that justice requires that the verdict for the defendant be set aside and the case remanded for a determination of whether plaintiff was available for work pursuant to RSA 282:3 C. RSA 490:14; see Merchants Nat’l Bank v. Sullivan, 96 N.H. 430, 78 A.2d 508 (1951); Grace v. Proctor & Gamble Co., 95 N.H. 74, 57 A.2d 619 (1948); Pregent v. N.H. Dep’t of Employment Security, 361 F. Supp. 782 (D.N.H. 1973) (3-judge court).
Remanded.