Lоttie Mae Williams appeals a summary judgment entered in favor of Velda City after the trial court struck her affirmative defenses because Williams asserted her Fifth Amеndment privilege against self incrimination during a deposition. We reverse and remand, with instructions to reinstate her affirmative defenses and allow the case to рroceed on the merits.
Williams was elected to a four year term as mayor of Velda City on April 6, 1993. At the time of her election, Velda City provided no salary fоr the mayor, only an annual $9,000 expense account.
Williams’ term expired on April 10,1997. On September 8, 1999, more than two years later, Velda City filed suit against her to recover money the city alleged was salary. They argued that Ordinance No. 473 violated Article VII, section 13 of the Missouri Constitution. That article states: “the compensation of state, county and municipal officers shall not be increased during the term of office, nor shall the term of any officer be extended.”
Williams’ filed an answer containing five affirmative defenses. These defenses aver that Williams is not hable to Velda City
Counsel for Velda City deposed Williams on January 21, 1999. Williams voluntarily appeared for her deposition, provided her name, address and date of birth and then invoked her constitutional right and privilege against self incrimination under the Fifth Amendment of the United States Cоnstitution and refused to answer any further questions.
Williams moved for summary judgment on May 20, 1999. The trial court denied her motion, and then entered an order, sua sponte, striking her affirmative defenses. The court stated that Williams’ reliance upon the Fifth Amendment mandated that “all affirmative relief must be denied, and Defendant Williams’ affirmative defenses striсken.”
On November 3, 1999, Yelda City moved for summary judgment. Williams alleged that there still remained disputed issues of material fact, making summary judgment improper. Velda City moved to strike thе reply because it essentially reiterated Williams’ previously stricken affirmative defenses. The trial court granted Velda City’s motion, struck several paragraрhs from Williams’ reply and then granted Vel-da City’s motion for summary judgment. Williams appeals.
When considering an appeal from the grant of summary judgment, we view the record in thе light most favorable to the party against whom judgment was entered. ITT Commercial Finance Corp. v. Mid-America Marine Supply Corp.,
In her first point of error, Williams argues that the trial court erred in striking her affirmative defenses. She claims that a trial court lacks jurisdiction to strike an affirmative defense when a defendant invokes the Fifth Amendment in good faith and without any request for affirmаtive relief.
In Pulliam v. Swink,
It is not unfair to preclude one who invokes the assistance of the courts from recovery when he refuses to produce evidence peculiarly within his knowledge pertinent to his right to recover. It is something else entirely to require one who is in court involuntarily to elect between his constitutional privilege andthe automatic entry of judgment against him. Plaintiff has the burden of establishing her fight of recovery and to shift or eliminate that burden because the defendant asserts his constitutionаl privilege is to penalize a defendant for invoking his rights. A court lacks jurisdiction to require defendant to make such an election.
Pulliam,
In Lieberman v. Goldman,
Here, respondent does not argue that Ms. Williams invoked her Fifth Amendment privilege in bad faith. She appeared at her deposition voluntarily, asserted her right against self incrimination in a timely manner, and did not otherwise abuse disсovery procedures. Furthermore, Williams’ did not seek affirmative relief Affirmative relief is “relief sought by a defendant by raising a counterclaim or a cross-claim that could have been maintained independently of the plaintiffs action.” Blacks Law Dictionary 1293 (7th ed.1999) (emphasis added). Here, Williams’ affirmative defenses sought only tо avoid liability on Velda City’s claim, and consequently they could not have been raised independent of Velda City’s initial action. Her defenses sought avoidancе, not affirmative relief.
While not cited in its brief, Velda City claimed at oral argument that Dodson v. Dodson,
Finally, Velda City argues the ordеr striking Williams’ defenses is irrelevant because the order granting summary judgment to it was proper. This argument misapprehends the nature of an affirmative defense. An affirmative defense is “a defendant’s assertion raising new facts and arguments that, if true, will defeat the plaintiffs or prosecutor’s claim, even if all the allegations in the complaint are true.” Blacks Law Dictionary 430 (7th ed.1999). A successful affirmative defense would defeat Velda City’s claim even if, absent the defense, it is entitled to summary judgment.
The trial court erred in striking Appellant’s affirmative defenses. Ms. Williams’ affirmative defenses are to be reinstated and the case remanded for farther proceеdings consistent with this opinion.
Notes
. Velda City Ordinance No. 437 reads, in part:
(M) Any person who shall be elected as mayor shall serve without salary but shall receive expense allowance in accordance with city ordinance number 211, payable monthly, and shall be subject to the amount as set annual (sic) by the Board of Aider-man in the budget.
. Velda City Ordinance No. 473 reads, in part:
AN ORDINANCE PROVIDING FOR A MANAGEMENT ELECTION, IMPOSING DUTIES AND ESTABLISHING SALARIES FOR THE MAYOR AND ALDERPERSONS OF VELDA CITY MISSOURI.
[[Image here]]
Section 6. Salary Amounts fixed until changed and еstablishing date of payment. The amount of the salary fixed by the Board of Alderman for payment to the mayor is presently fixed at Twenty Thousand Dollars ($20,000.00) annually, and the amount payable to alderpersons shall be Three Thousand Six Hundred Dollars ($3,600.00) annually.