71 Ala. 475 | Ala. | 1882
The constitution authorizes the Governor to “ appoint one notary public for each election precinct in counties, and one for each ward in cities of over five thousand inhabitants, who, in addition to the powers of notary, shall have and exercise the same jurisdiction as justices of the peace, within the precincts and wards for which they are re- ' .spectively appointed,” etc. The same section of the constitution, in a preceding sentence, declares: “Justices shall have jurisdiction in all civil cases, wherein the amount in controversy
Justices of the peace, clerks of the circuit court, and judges of probate have a special statutory authority to issue writs of attachment to enforce the collection of debts, returnable to the circuit court of their respective counties.—Code 1876, § 3204. As was said in Stevenson v. O'Hara, 27 Ala. 362, and repeated in Matthews v. Sands, 29 Ala. 136, such writs were unknown, to the common law, and no one has power to issue them, unless thereunto specially authorized. They are not ordinary process, do not issue oat of a court, nor pertain to the exercise of the ordinary powers and jurisdiction of a court. In the cases to which- we have just referred, after very able argument and careful deliberation, this court held, that the cleric of the City Court of Mobile, though the court was investéd with the powers and jurisdiction of a circuit court, except as to actions to try titles to lands, could not exercise the power conferred on clerks of the circuit court to issue an original attachment. It was the ordinary process of circuit courts, employed in the exercise of their general jurisdiction, the clerk of the City Court could rightfully issue; and not extraordinary process which, by special statutes, -clerks of the circuit court, exercising g-wúwi-judi-cial power, could rightfully issue. The principle of statutory. construction, upon which these decisions rest, is, that a general clause of reference in a statute to other statutes includes only general powers and provisions which are inpa/ri materia. “The fair construction,” said Ashurst, J., in King v. Justices, 2 Durn & East, 504, “to put upon the clause of reference in question,” (which was a general clause,) “ seems to be this: That all the general powers and provisions given and made in acts in pari materia, shall be virtually incorporated into this, but that such provisions as are always considered as special provisions shall not.”
The notary was without authority to issue the writ of attachment, and it is void. The judgment must be reversed, and a judgment will be here rendered quashing the attachment, and all proceedings had thereon. The appellees must pay the costs in the Circuit Court, and in this court.