76 Mo. App. 206 | Mo. Ct. App. | 1898
ON MOTION EOR REHEARING.
The plaintiffs now complain that the opinion evinces a misapprehension of the evidence by us. In referring to the suppletory agreement of September 23 we said:
“It is plain that the mortgagees in the second and third mortgages were thereby placed in a joint and common possession of said mortgaged property with*207 those named in the first. Ellis was no more than an agent for all the mortgagees. He turned over the possession to Eox with the acquiescence of the mortgagees. The latter was but the agent. * * * His possession was that of all the mortgagees.”
In the plaintiffs’ brief in support of the motion it is said:
“So soon as the suppletory agreement made it possible, Siooffords, the first mortgagees, went again immediately into possession excluding every one.”
By reference to the plaintiffs’ petition it will be seen that it is there alleged that on the twenty-third day of September, 1895, Wren delivered to the plaintiffs an agreement in writing supplemental to their mortgage under the terms of which he delivered to them the mortgaged property together with other property not covered by their mortgage, all to be held under the terms of the mortgage and suppletory agreement, and that “from said last mentioned date until the 28th of January, 1896 (the date of the caption), continued to hold possession of all of said chattel property * * * under said mortgage and suppletory agreement * * *; that on the last mentioned date plaintiffs were by and with the consent of said Swofford Brothers in full and exclusive possession of said property” for the purpose of sale under the mortgage and suppletory agreement. The clear inference to be deduced from these allegations of the petition is that the plaintiffs and Swofford Brothers were in the joint possession of the property at least from the date of the suppletory agreement until the day of the caption when the former obtained the exclusive possession. Until the last mentioned date the plaintiffs were in possession but not in the exclusive possession, but on that day their possession was made exclusive of Swofford Brothers by the act of the latter. So that on the very
Was the joint or common tenancy terminated before the caption? Pox testified that Ellis turned over the possession of the mortgaged stock of goods to him and that he retained such possession until the twenty-eighth of January, 1896, when the defendant sheriff came into the store (after supper) and asked witness if he wanted to keep the store and said he would like to have it. Witness told him that he could not give it to them “that we had the possession of that house and we expected to keep it, and he said if you do not give it up I will take it; he nailed up the doors, fastened up the doors and turned me out. ” This witness further testified that he was acting “as agent under these mortgages,” that he was acting as agent for Swofford Brothers and the plaintiffs, and that Ellis employed him to act for the latter. And by reference to the testimony of Ellis it will be seen that he was acting for not only Swofford Brothers but the plaintiffs as well, and that Early, the assignee, put him in possession of the store and turned over the keys to him, and the next day he delivered the keys to Pox and put him into possession. So that it is quite obvious that plaintiffs were in possession of the stock of goods first through Ellis and then through Pox in common with the Swofford Brothers until the cáption. There is no evidence to the contrary.
It is true Levy, the president of the J. D. Levy Clothing Manufacturing Company, testified in answer to a leading question of the counsel for the plaintiffs that he.had permission of the Swofford Brothers to sell the stock of goods and that was the first time that he had charge or exercised control thereof, except under Pox. But this proves nothing in the face of the fact further
We therefore think that the plaintiffs are in error in supposing we misapprehended the evidence when we stated in the opinion that the plaintiffs and the Swofford Brothers were in the joint possession of the property under the mortgages and suppletory agreement at the time of the caption.
II. The plaintiffs in their petition allege that they are entitled to the exclusive possession of the property under a mortgage and a suppletory agreement entered into between them and Wren. The plaintiffs adduce evidence in support of the allegations of their petition which shows that they, with other mortgagees, are entitled to the possession under their separate mortgages and a supplemental agreement entered into between Wren and an agent for the 'several mortgages. The plaintiffs have sued upon a title in themselves and seek to recover upon another title in themselves and other mortgagees of Wren. It is a general rule that defect of parties plaintiff in replevin must be taken advantage of by demurrer, or otherwise such defect is waived.
In this state it is settled that, in replevin, a general denial raises the question of plaintiff’s right to the possession, and that it was not necessary for the defendant to plead defect of parties in abatement. If the
This question was directly passed upon and decided in the case of Pulliam v. Burlingame, 81 Mo. 11 to 115, where it said: “In pleading to this action (replevin) under the code a general denial has been held sufficient to put the plaintiff to proof of title or right of possession, without any averment of title in the defendant or in a stranger. Gray v. Parker, 38 Mo. 160. Thus, it seems, the defense embodied in the refused instruction (that plaintiff and defendant’s wife- were joint owners of the property) was admissible enough under the pleadings.” In the case of Oester v. Sitlington, 115 Mo. 247, it is held that a plea of general denial in such an action (replevin) is sufficient to raise the question of waiver since it puts in issue the plaintiff’s right to the possession of the property at the commencement of the action. In Deyerle v. Hunt, 50 Mo. 541, a suit in replevin, it is said: “So it has been held, that if a right of action is alleged to be in one, there is a fatal variance when the proof shows it to be in two or more. Spooner v. Ross, 24 Mo. supra;
In Bliss on Code Pleading [3 Ed.], section 328, after laying down the same rule in ejectment, it is said: “Upon the same principle, in action for the recovery of personal property, a denial puts in issue the plaintiffs ownership; and an averment by defendant that
It must be conceded that the law has long been settled in this state that nonjoinder of parties in replevin need not be pleaded in abatement but may be taken advantage of at the trial. And it is equally well settled that when a plaintiff in replevin alleges title in himself and his proof shows the title to be in himself and others who are not made parties he can not recover. There are authorities to the effect that it is sufficient to maintain replevin to show the plaintiff’s right to the exclusive possession in himself as against the defendant in the action, but as has been seen by the adjudicated cases from which we have quoted the rule does not prevail in this state.
We must adhere to the conviction expressed in the opinion and overrule the motion.
