666 N.W.2d 294 | Mich. Ct. App. | 2003
UNIVERSAL UNDERWRITERS INSURANCE GROUP, Plaintiff-Appellee,
v.
AUTO CLUB INSURANCE ASSOCIATION, Defendant-Appellant.
Court of Appeals of Michigan.
*295 Carter, Gebauer & Waldman (by Martin G. Waldman), Southfield, for the plaintiff.
Schoolmaster, Hom, Killeen, Siefer & Arene (by Charles Trickey, III), Mt. Clemens, (Gross, Nemeth & Silverman, P.L.C., by James G. Gross, of counsel), Detroit, for the defendant.
Before: BANDSTRA, P.J., and ZAHRA and METER, JJ.
METER, J.
Defendant Auto Club Insurance Association appeals by leave granted from an *296 order denying its motion for summary disposition in this case involving a dispute between a property insurer and a no-fault automobile insurer. We reverse and remand for entry of judgment in favor of defendant.
This case arose from a fire that occurred at an automobile dealership. After a 1998 Ford Escort owned by Michael Modestino was involved in an accident, his daughter took it to Jerome Duncan Ford for repairs. While the car was at the dealership, a faulty wire in the automobile caused it to catch fire, resulting in property damage to the facility. For purposes of this appeal, both parties concede that the fire resulted from a wire problem unrelated to the repair work. Plaintiff Universal Underwriters Insurance Group, the dealership's insurer, paid for the damage. It then sued defendant, Modestino's no-fault automobile insurer, claiming that defendant was primarily responsible for coverage. Defendant moved for summary disposition under MCR 2.116(C)(10), arguing that it was not responsible for coverage by virtue of M.C.L. § 500.3121(1), a provision of the no-fault act, M.C.L. § 500.3101 et seq. MCL 500.3121(1) states:
Under property protection insurance an insurer is liable to pay benefits for accidental damage to tangible property arising out of the ownership, operation, maintenance, or use of a motor vehicle as a motor vehicle subject to the provisions of this section and sections 3123, 3125, and 3127. However, accidental damage to tangible property does not include accidental damage to tangible property, other than the insured motor vehicle, that occurs within the course of a business of repairing, servicing, or otherwise maintaining motor vehicles.
Defendant argued that the second sentence of this statute barred recovery from it because the fire occurred within the course of Jerome Duncan Ford's business. Plaintiff argued that the statute did not bar recovery from defendant because the fire occurred for reasons completely unrelated to the work being performed on the vehicle. The trial court agreed with plaintiff and therefore denied defendant's motion for summary disposition.
On appeal, defendant contends that the trial court failed to apply the plain language of the statute at issue. We agree. We review de novo a trial court's ruling with respect to a motion for summary disposition. Kefgen v. Davidson, 241 Mich.App. 611, 616, 617 N.W.2d 351 (2000). A motion brought under MCR 2.116(C)(10) tests the factual support for a claim. Smith v. Globe Life Ins. Co., 460 Mich. 446, 454, 597 N.W.2d 28 (1999). In ruling on such a motion, the trial court must consider not only the pleadings, but also the depositions, affidavits, admissions, and other documentary evidence, and it must give the benefit of any reasonable doubt to the nonmoving party. See id. and MCR 2.116(G)(5). Summary disposition is appropriate only if the opposing party fails to present documentary evidence establishing the existence of a material factual dispute. Smith, supra at 454-455, 597 N.W.2d 28.
Additionally, we review de novo issues of statutory interpretation. Roberts v. Mecosta Co. Gen. Hosp., 466 Mich. 57, 62, 642 N.W.2d 663 (2002). The rules of statutory construction require the courts to give effect to the Legislature's intent. Institute in Basic Life Principles, Inc. v. Watersmeet Twp. (After Remand), 217 Mich.App. 7, 12, 551 N.W.2d 199 (1996). "This Court should first look to the specific statutory language to determine the intent of the Legislature," which is "presumed to intend the meaning that the statute plainly expresses." Id. If the language is clear and unambiguous, "the plain meaning of the statute reflects the legislative intent *297 and judicial construction is not permitted." Tryc v. Michigan Veterans' Facility, 451 Mich. 129, 135, 545 N.W.2d 642 (1996). If reasonable minds could differ regarding the meaning of a statute, judicial construction is warranted. Yaldo v. North Pointe Ins. Co., 457 Mich. 341, 346, 578 N.W.2d 274 (1998). A court must not read into a statute anything "that is not within the manifest intent of the Legislature as gathered from the act itself." In re S R, 229 Mich.App. 310, 314, 581 N.W.2d 291 (1998).
Before December 1993, M.C.L. § 500.3121(1) contained only the first sentence. In construing the subsection, the Supreme Court in Michigan Mut. Ins. Co. v. Carson City Texaco, Inc., 421 Mich. 144, 148, 365 N.W.2d 89 (1984), specifically noted the absence of the second sentence, which was part of a model act on which the statute was based. The Court emphasized the Legislature's rejection of the second sentence and held that a no-fault automobile insurer was responsible for property damage that arose out of the maintenance of an insured vehicle, regardless of whether the damage occurred "in the course of a business of maintaining motor vehicles...." Id. at 148-149, 365 N.W.2d 89. No-fault insurers were held responsible for coverage even if the damage occurred as a result of the mechanic's actions in repairing the vehicle. See, e.g., Great American Ins. Co. v. Old Republic Ins. Co., 180 Mich.App. 508, 511-515, 448 N.W.2d 493 (1989).
With 1993 PA 290, the Legislature added the second sentence to the subsection. Again, this sentence states that "accidental damage to tangible property does not include accidental damage to tangible property, other than the insured motor vehicle, that occurs within the course of a business of repairing, servicing, or otherwise maintaining motor vehicles." The trial court in the present case construed this exclusion as requiring a causal connection between the maintenance work and the property damage. However, as noted in Tryc, supra at 135, 545 N.W.2d 642, if the language of a statute is clear and unambiguous, "the plain meaning of the statute reflects the legislative intent and judicial construction is not permitted." (Emphasis added.) We conclude that the statute at issue is clear and unambiguous and does not require a causal connection between the maintenance work and the property damage. The statute states that damage occurring "within the course of a business" that involves repairing, servicing, or otherwise maintaining automobiles is excluded from coverage. Here, the dealership apparently had been in the midst of repairs to the Ford Escort when it had to stop work to wait for necessary parts. The fire commenced while the vehicle was being held in a vehicle-storage area pending the arrival of the parts. Clearly, storing a vehicle pending the arrival of parts constituted part of Jerome Duncan Ford's "course of business." Accordingly, the damage did indeed fall within the second sentence of M.C.L. § 500.3121(1), and defendant thus was not responsible for providing coverage for the property damage to the dealership.[1]
In its brief on appeal, plaintiff refers to the written legislative analysis of the statute in question. Although part of the legislative analysis concerning M.C.L. § 500.3121(1) suggests that the Legislature desired to shield no-fault automobile *298 insurers from having to pay for damages caused by a mechanic or shop owner while servicing a car, see House Legislative Analysis, HB 4318, April 27, 1993, we note that legislative analyses are unpersuasive tools of statutory construction. Columbia Assoc., LP v. Dep't of Treasury, 250 Mich. App. 656, 687, 649 N.W.2d 760 (2002). Moreover, if the language of the statute is clear and unambiguous, no interpretation beyond the words of the statute is permitted and legislative analyses cannot be considered. Detroit Edison Co., v. Celadon Trucking Co., 248 Mich.App. 118, 124-125, 638 N.W.2d 169 (2001). Here, the statute at issue clearly shielded defendant from having to pay for the damage to the dealership. The trial court erred in denying defendant's motion for summary disposition.
Reversed and remanded for entry of judgment in favor of defendant. We do not retain jurisdiction.
NOTES
[1] Although it is not necessary to our decision, we note that if the second sentence had not been added to M.C.L. § 500.3121(1) by 1993 PA 290, it appears that defendant would indeed have been responsible for covering the damage in this case, because this Court has held that damage resulting from a spontaneous combustion of a vehicle that is at a garage where it is undergoing repairs constitutes accidental damage arising out of the maintenance of a motor vehicle. See Michigan Mut. Ins. Co. v. CNA Ins. Cos., 181 Mich.App. 376, 382, 448 N.W.2d 854 (1989).
