Stephen Lewis appeals from his sentence of 170 months for bank robbery in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 2113(a). Pursuant to a plea agreement, Lewis entered a plea of guilty to one count of bank robbery in exchange for the prosecutor’s promise that the Government would recommend to the district court that Lewis not be sentenced as a career offender.
Lewis contends that he was deprived of his right to due process because the district judge assumed the roles of bоth “advocate and magistrate” in requesting transcripts of Lewis’ prior convictions. Lewis further argues that by adopting the recommendation in the presentenсe report that Lewis be sentenced as a career offender, the district court deprived Lewis of the benefit of his plea bargain.
I.
On April 10, 1991, Lewis was charged in a one count indictment with bank robbery in violation of 18 UiS.C. § 2113(a). Lewis entered into a formal plea agreement with the government in which he agreed to plеad guilty to bank robbery in exchange for the government’s recommendation that Lewis not be sentenced as a career offender under Sentencing Guideline Section 4B1.1. Because the transcripts of Lewis’ prior convictions appeared to be unavailable, the Government, agreed to recommend that Lewis not be treated as a career offender.
The probation'officer recommended that Lewis be sentenced as a career offender based on his three prior convictions for bank robbery. In making this recommendation, the probation officer stated that she believed that Lewis’ prior pleas were constitutional because they were never appealed. On November 21, 1991, the probation office issued an addendum to the prеsen-tence report, reiterating the recommendation that Lewis be sentenced as a career offender and stating that the burden was on Lewis to еstablish that he was not a career offender. After receiving the pre-sentence report and the addendum, the district court ordered the probation officer to locate the transcripts of Lewis’ prior pleas so that the court could determine for itself whether those pleas were constitutional. The court continued Lewis’ sentencing until December 13, 1991, in order to allow the probation office sufficient time to obtain the transcripts.
On December 13, 1991^ the probation officer still had been unable to locate the transcripts. The probation officer indicat *1374 ed that the transcripts of Lewis’ 1976 bank robbery сonviction had been destroyed, but that she believed that the transcripts from Lewis’ 1981 conviction in California, and his 1981 conviction in Nevada could be obtained. 1 Thе district court stated that it had been in contact with the reporters of the Nevada conviction and had directed the reporters to transcribe the notes from the Nevada plea. The matter was continued until February 4, 1992. On February S, 1992, the probation office informed the court that the transcripts of the 1981 California plea proceedings had been located, but had not yet been transcribed. On February 11,1992, the probation officer reported that she would need аt least another month to obtain the transcript of the California plea.
On February 14, 1991, Lewis objected to a continuance of the sentencing proсeeding. He argued that the court had improperly acted as an advocate in using its authority to obtain the transcripts. The district court stated that it had ordеred the transcripts because it was important to resolve the issue as to the constitutionality of the prior pleas in order to determine whether or not to adopt the probation officer’s recommendation.
By March 30, 1992, the court had obtained transcripts of the 1981 California plea and the 1981 Nevada plea. After reviewing these transcripts, the district court found that Lewis was a career offender and sentenced him to a prison term of 170 months.
II.
Lewis contends that the district court denied him due process by requesting the transcripts of Lewis’ prior pleas to determine whether Lewis was a career offender. In particular, Lewis argues that the sentencing guidelines have transformed a sentencing hearing into an adversarial proceeding wherein the Government must sustain its burden оf proof as to any material fact relevant to sentencing. Lewis asserts that by ordering the transcripts to determine whether Lewis was a career offеnder after the parties already agreed not to treat Lewis as a career offender, the court usurped the prosecutor’s function.
We review
de novo
the question whether due process has been violated.
United States v. Anderson,
Lewis’ cоntention that the district court improperly ordered the transcripts is without merit. It has long been recognized in this circuit that a district court can consider a wide variety of information when imposing a sentence.
United States v. Columbus,
“It is well established that a trial judge is more than a moderator or umpire.”
United States v. Mostella,
Contrary to Lewis’ сontention, the district judge did not assume the role of prosecutor by requesting the transcripts to ascertain the constitutionality of Lewis’ prior convictions. Instеad of simply adopting the conclusions of the presentence report, the court chose to review the transcripts and determine for itself whether Lewis’ prior pleas were constitutional. Rather than demonstrating prejudice, the district *1375 court’s successful efforts to obtain the transcripts demonstrated its сoncern regarding whether the probation officer’s conclusions about the validity of the prior convictions were accurate.
Lewis relies on
United States v. Howard,
III.
Lewis also contends that in treating Lewis as a career offender, the district court deprived Lewis of the benefit of his plea bargain. We disagree.
A plea bargain is governed by contract principles.
United States v. Keller,
Contrary to Lewis’ contention, Lewis was not denied the benefit of his plеa bargain. Lewis bargained for the government’s recommendation that the court not treat him as a career offender. The record demonstrates that the government fulfilled its promise. The district court rejected the prosecutor’s recommendation. Because the government adhered to its commitment under the plea agreement, Lewis received the benefit of his bargain.
AFFIRMED.
Notes
. On June 10, 1981, Lewis robbed a Security Pacific Bank in Buena Park, California. On September 14, 1981, Lewis entered a plea of guilty to bank robbery. Lewis was inadvertent-Iy released from the Federal Correctional Institution on Terminal Island on September 15, 1981. On September 21, 1981, Lewis robbed a First Interstate Bank in Las Vegas, Nevada.