OPINION
Dеfendant-appellee Michael E. Jackson pled guilty to one count of being a convicted felon in possession of a firearm in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 922(g)(1). The district court granted Jackson’s motion for a downward departure, departing eight levels from Jаckson’s base offense level. The district court sentenced Jackson to three years of probation, with a special condition of six months home confinement with electronic monitoring. The government appeals the district court’s sentence, arguing that the court imposed an unreasonable sentence because the district court both failed to justify the decision to vary Jackson’s sentence from the applicable guidelines range as well as the extent of the variance under 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a) and also relied on factors which are considered to be either discouraged or prohibited under the now-advisory United States Sentencing Guidelines (U.S.S.G.).
For the following reasons, we vacate Jackson’s sentence and remand the case tо the district court for resentencing consistent with the Supreme Court’s decision in
United States v. Booker,
— U.S. -,
I.
On the evening of January 20, 2003, Youngstown police officers observed a blue Cadillac Sedan DeVille traveling at a high rate of speed and turning without using a signal. The officers stoppеd the car, driven by Jackson, who explained that he was speeding because he was on his way to check on a business alarm that had gone off in the area. When the officers looked in the car, they observed the butt of a handgun sticking out from under the drivеr’s seat. The handgun was a Hi-Point 9 mm pistol with eight rounds of live ammunition. Jackson was arrested for carrying a concealed weapon and was issued a traffic citation for failure to use his signal before turning.
Following the arrest for the concealed weapon, Jackson was indicted on one count of being a convicted felon in possession of a firearm in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 922(g)(1). 1 On September 11, 2003, *303 Jackson pled guilty to this count. Under the plea agreement, Jackson and the government agreed that the approрriate base offense level pursuant to U.S.S.G. § 2K2.1(a)(4) was twenty because Jackson had previously been convicted of a crime of violence. The government agreed not to oppose a reduction of three levels for Jackson’s аcceptance of responsibility pursuant to U.S.S.G. § 3E1.1(a) and (b).
The presentence investigation report calculated Jackson’s total offense level to be seventeen and his criminal history category to be two. The presentence invеstigation report noted that the maximum term of imprisonment was ten years, and that Jackson’s criminal history category and total offense level placed him within a Guidelines sentence range of twenty-seven to thirty-three months. On December 3, 2003, Jackson filed a motion with the court for a downward departure. Jackson sought a departure pursuant to U.S.S.G. § 5K2.0. Specifically, Jackson argued that (1) because he possessed the firearm only for purposes of self-defense, a downward departure was warranted pursuant to U.S.S.G. § 5K2.11 and
United States v. One Star,
At Jackson’s December 16, 2003, sentencing hearing, the court announced that it had decided to grant a downward departure of eight levels. The court stated that it did not intend to “pars[e] out the departure,” relying on the Eighth Circuit case of
One Star,
The court issued a mеmorandum opinion on December 16, 2003, enumerating its reasons for granting the downward departure. The court found, relying on the reasoning set forth in
One Star,
1. Although the defendant was cоnvicted of a crime of violence, i.e., ramming another motor vehicle five times, no one was injured in that accident.
2. The defendant did not use the weapon which he possessed and which was *304 found under the front seat of his automobile in any criminal conduct other than the fact of his possession of the weapon as a convicted felon.
3. The court finds that the defendant had a reasonable belief that he was in danger when he purchased the firearm. [Footnote text]: The court takes judiciаl notice that the City of Youngstown, a city noted for its continuing violence, is not a safe environment, especially for persons of African-American descent. The defendant is, without question, an African-American.
4. The defendant, now aged 40, does not appear to be a dangerous person.
5. The defendant has strong family ties and provides meaningful financial support for his three children, none of whom live with him.
6. The defendant enjoys meaningful employment in a community that has suffered significant unemployment.
7. The dеfendant is the primary caregiver for his 89-year-old grandmother, who the Court finds to be infirm and needing the type of familial support provided by the defendant, who now lives with his grandmother.
The government filed a notice of appeal from the district court’s grant of a downward departure on January 9, 2004.
II.
Prior to the Supreme Court’s pronouncements in Booker, the district court’s explanation of the reasons for its grant of Jackson’s request for a downward departure would almost certainly have been problematic under the Guidelines. The court relied on discouraged and prohibited factors and failed to discuss the extent of the departure at all. Booker, however, greatly changed the realm of federal sentencing. The question before us on appeal is what quality of analysis and explanation, if any, is necessary where the district court exercises its discretion to vary a defendant’s sentence from the applicable range provided by the now-advisory Guidelines. 2
After
Booker,
which rendered the Sentencing Guidelines advisory for all criminal cases,
In this case, the district court decided to impose a sentence of three years of probation, including six months of home confinement, notwithstanding the fact that Jack *305 son’s criminal history category and base offense level placed him within a Guidelines range of twenty-seven to thirty-three months. In support of the imposition of this sentence, the district court рrovided a list of various characteristics of the defendant that it considered during sentencing. The district court’s reasoning, however, did not include any reference to the applicable Guidelines provisions or further explication of the reasоns for the particular sentence imposed.
We hold that, even
post-Booker,
the list provided by the district court, without any accompanying analysis, is insufficient to justify the sentence imposed, as it renders our reasonableness review impossible. Although we are fully cognizant of the fact that district courts are no longer bound by the Guidelines in the manner they once were, a fact which inevitably may empower district courts with greater flexibility in sentencing, we nonetheless find that, pursuant to
Booker,
we as an appellate court must still have the articulatiоn of the reasons the district court reached the sentence ultimately imposed, as required by 18 U.S.C. § 8553(c). In our view,
Booker
requires an acknowledgment of the defendant’s applicable Guidelines range as well as a discussion of the reasonableness of a vаriation from that range. Further, in determining the sentence, the district court must consider the advisory provisions of the Guidelines and the other factors identified in 18 U.S.C. § 8553(a).
3
See United States v. Webb,
III.
For the foregoing reasons, we vacate the district court’s sentence and remand Jackson’s case for resentencing in accordance with Booker.
Notes
. At the time of the arrest, Jackson had committed the prior felony of attempted felonious assault. The prior conviction occurred in December of 1997 as a result of a dispute between Jackson and his ex-wife, Tina Jackson. During this dispute, Jackson rammed his car five times into another car driven by Alfonsо Crim in which Tina Jackson was a passenger. Jackson chased Crim’s car to a police station, where he was subsequently arrested. Jackson had also been convicted of assault in August *303 of 1997 as- a result af a dispute between Jackson, who was at. that time employed as a Deputy Sheriff for Mahoning County, and an inmate at the jail. Jackson lost his job as a result of this incident.
. We note that the plea agreement in this case included a provision which stated that Jackson would be sentenced pursuant to the sentencing guidelines, and therefore one could argue that Booker does not apply. However, the government conceded at oral argument that we should review the sentence imposed under the dictates of Booker.
. To the extent that the district cоurt in resen-tencing relies on any factors which are deemed by the Guidelines to be prohibited or discouraged, see, e.g., U.S.S.G. §§ 5H1.1 (age), 5H1.4 (physical appearance or condition), 5H1.5 (employment record), 5H1.6 (family ties and responsibilities), 5H1.10 (race), the district court will need to address these provisions and decide what weight, if any, to afford them in light of Booker.
. In so holding, we wish to make clear that we are imposing no additional burden on district courts in reaching sentencing determinations. District courts have always been required to exеrcise their sentencing discretion in a manner which allows for meaningful appellate review. The fact that the Guidelines are now advisory does not alter the importance to an appellate court of an oral or written articulation on the record of the bases upon which a district court’s sentencing determination rests.