Robert L. Kendrick pleaded guilty to failing to register as a sex offender in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 2250(a) but reserved his right to appeal the constitutionality of the Sex Offender Registration and Notification Act (SORNA) under the Commerce Clause. We affirm.
I. BACKGROUND
In 1989, Kendrick pleaded guilty in Illinois state court to eight counts of aggravated criminal sexual assault of a seven-year-old girl. The judge sentenced him to six and a half years in prison and ordered him to register as a sex offender.
In 2001, Kendrick was convicted of failing to register as a sex offender and was sentenced to thirteen months of probation, which he completed satisfactorily. He thereafter complied with registration requirements until July 23, 2007, the date of his last registration filing with the State of Illinois. In that filing, he initialed various statements, including, “If you move to another state, you must register with that state within five days. You must notify the agency with whom you last registered in person of your new address, at least 5 days before moving.” This filing also reminded him of his yearly obligation to update his registration in July and his ongoing obligation to report any changes in employment status.
In June 2008, Kendrick moved to Milwaukee, Wisconsin and was hired by Triad Group — a company located in Hartland, Wisconsin — but he did not report his change of address or employment status to the State of Illinois or Wisconsin. Kendrick then failed to update his registration in July 2008. His whereabouts remained unknown until August 2009, when he was arrested by the Milwaukee Police Department for soliciting a prostitute.
In April 2010, Kendrick was indicted for failing to register as a sex offender. He moved to dismiss the indictment “for lack of jurisdiction under the Commerce Clause,” but the district court denied his motion. Kendrick then entered a conditional plea of guilty, reserving his right to appeal the denial of his motion to dismiss. *734 The district court judge sentenced him to one year and one day of imprisonment and three years of supervised release.
II. DISCUSSION
SORNA requires sex offenders to register in the jurisdictions in which they live, work, or go to school. 42 U.S.C. § 16913; 18 U.S.C. § 2250. It also requires sex offenders to update their registration within three business days of a “change of name, residence, employment, or student status.” 42 U.S.C. § 16913(c). A failure to do so may result in criminal punishment. 18 U.S.C. § 2250(a).
Kendrick concedes that (1) he moved from Illinois to Wisconsin in June 2008 without updating his registration to reflect his change of address; (2) he obtained employment at Triad Group without updating his registration to reflect his change in employment; and (3) he did not update his registration in July 2008 or any time thereafter. He argues only that SORNA’s registration requirements exceed Congress’ authority under the Commerce Clause.
We explicitly rejected Kendrick’s argument in
United States v. Vasquez,
stating, “[w]e conclude a rational basis existed under the Commerce Clause for Congress to enact § 2250.”
We require a “compelling reason” to overrule circuit precedent.
Santos v. United States,
III. CONCLUSION
In light of our recent decisions in Vasquez and Sanders, we hold that SORNA’s registration requirements do not exceed Congress’ authority under the Commerce Clause and AjffiRM the judgment of conviction.