475 F.2d 752 | 10th Cir. | 1973
Lead Opinion
While imprisoned at the Leavenworth, Kansas, federal penitentiary, Patmore was accused of stabbing another inmate. He was indicted in federal court for aggravated battery in violation of Kan. Stat.Ann.1971 Supp. 21-3414(c), a class C felony, through the Assimilative Crimes Act, 18 U.S.C. § 13, (1970).
Patmore’s only contention on appeal is that there is a federal assault statute, 18 U.S.C. § 113(c) (1970), that defines the same offense as the Kansas statute to which he pleaded guilty, and that he should have been sentenced under the federal statute, which provides for a maximum penalty of five years. Patmore’s “Motion to Correct Excessive Sentence” was overruled. The trial court held that the state and federal statutes were not identical since the federal statute required proof of specific intent to do bodily harm, whereas the Kansas statute made no mention of specific intent.
The crime of assault is defined in Kan.Stat.Ann.1971 Supp. 21-3408 as “an intentional threat or attempt to do bodily harm to another. . . .” This language, when read in conjunction with Kan.Stat.Ann.1971 Supp. 21-3410(a), is the equivalent'of 18 U.S.C. § 113(c) (1970) .
The purpose of the Assimilative Crimes Act, 18 U.S.C; § 13 (1970), is to supplement the Criminal Code of the United States by adopting state criminal statutes relating to acts or omissions committed within areas over which the federal government has exclusive jurisdiction and which are “not made punishable by any enactment of Congress.” The Act has no application if such acts or omissions are made penal by federal statute. United States v. Sharpnack, 355 U.S. 286, 78 S.Ct. 291, 2 L.Ed.2d 282 (1958); Williams v. United States, 327 U.S. 711, 66 S.Ct. 778, 90 L.Ed. 962 (1946); Dunaway v. United States, 170 F.2d 11 (10th Cir. 1948); Fields v. United States, 438 F.2d 205 (2d Cir. 1970), cert. denied, 403 U.S. 907, 91 S.Ct. 2214, 29 L.Ed.2d 684 (1971) . In the instant case, Patmore pleaded guilty to unlawfully assaulting or striking at another with a deadly weapon, which is a class D felony under the Kansas statute. AÍthoügh the crime may be within the definition of the Kansas statute, it is punishable under the provisions qf 18 U.S.C. § 113(c) (1970), which prevail. Hockenberry v. United States, 422 F.2d 171 (9th Cir. 1970). A federal criminal statute -may not be enlárged or diminished by a state statute. Williams v. United States, 327 U.S. 711, 718, 66 S.Ct. 778, 90 L.Ed. 962 (1946).
The judgment and sentence is set aside, and the cause remanded for sen
. The charging language of the indictment is that Patmore “wilfully, unlawfully and feloniously committed an act of aggravated battery against and upon John Wesley Fuller by means of a deadly weapon, to-wit: a knife, in violation of 18 U.S.C. §§ 7, 13, and K.S.A. 21-3414 (c).”
. 18 U.S.C. § 113(c) (1970) :
“Whoever ... is guilty of an assault shall be punished as follows :
(c) Assault with a dangerous weapon, with intent to do bodily harm, and without just cause or excuse, by imprisonment for not more than five years.
Kan.Stat.Ann.1971 Supp. 21-3410 (a) :
“Aggravated assault is:
(a) Unlawfully assaulting or striking at another with a deadly weapon. . . .”
Concurrence Opinion
(concurring in the result).
I concur in the result reached by the majority opinion but only because the penalty for assault under 18 U.S.C. § 113(c) is less severe than the penalty under Kan.Stat.Ann. §§ 21-3410(a), 21-4501 (d).
. This analysis does not consider the possible imposition of a fine up to $1,000.00 under 18 U.S.C. § 113(c).