12 F. 824 | U.S. Circuit Court for the District of Southern New York | 1882
While we have not overlooked the several rulings upon the trial which are impugned by the defendant, our principal attention has been directed to the point most strenuously pressed upon the argument relating to the constitutionality of the act of March 15, 1876, upon which the indictment proceeds. The act prohibits “all executive officers or employes of the United States not appointed by the president, with the advice and consent of the senate,” from “requesting, giving to, or receiving from, any other officer or employe of the government any money or property or other thing of value for political purposes.” We cannot profess'to be ignorant that this law was enacted in order to interdict practices which had become a topic of extended animadversion. But, although it may have been aimed at the suppression of the practice which has prevailed among party r-ganizations of soliciting contributions for party purposes from their office-holding members, or exacting them by a moral coercion; and although its provisions may be well calculated to effect this object, — it does not follow that it can be sustained as a legitimate means to that end,, No person can be indicted under it for any other act than the one precisely designated. Whatever may have been the attendant circumstances, and however they may have qualified the moral complexion of the transaction, the person indicted can only be tried for doing the thing which the statute prohibits; and unless this of itself, isolated from all its concomitants, can be competently made a crime by congress, the statute is nugatory.
It is insisted for the defendant that it is not within the constitutional power of congress to make the giving or requesting or receiving of a voluntary contribution for political purposes by a subordinate
In reaching the conclusion that the statute is not obnoxious to the objections which have been suggested, we have given force to the presumption in favor of its constitutionality which it is the duty of the judiciary to apply to all legislative enactments. This presumption should prevail in all conflicts of interpretation and all doubtful implications of constitutional power, so as, if possible, to sustain the validity of legislative action. We have examined the minor points raised upon the argument and presented in the brief of counsel relating to the rulings upon the trial, but do not deem it necessary to •discuss them. We think them to be without merit.
The motion in arrest of judgment and for a new trial is denied.