United States v. Bravo-FernandezUnited States v. Bravo-Fernandez
memorandum: and order
On Nоvember 15, 2010, defendants Bravo and Martinez filed the following motions: (1) joint discovery status report and motion to compel discovery; (2) joint motion to strike surplusage; and (3) joint motion for a bill of particulars. (Docket Nos. 94, 91 and 92.) On November 24, 2010, the government filed oppositions to all of defendant’s motions. (Docket Nos. 104, 105 and 106.) For the reasons described below, all three of defendants’ motions are DENIED.
DISCUSSION
I. MOTION TO COMPEL DISCOVERY
Defendants move to compel discovery based on the requests they have submitted tо the government through numerous discovery letters. In their motion, defendants fail to mention the Scheduling Order approved by this Court on September 10, 2010, which outlines deadlines for various forms of discovery in this case. (Docket No. 51.) 1 Many of the discovery requests outlined in defendants’ motion to compel have been addressed in the Scheduling Order. Where this Court has already established deadlines for the government to provide defendants with certain types of evidence, it will not re-visit the issue. 2 As of this date, the Court has no reason to believe that the government did not or will not comply with the requirements set forth in the Scheduling Order. Only a handful of discovery issues remain under defendants’ motion to compel, which the Court will now briefly address.
A. De Castro-Font Materials
Defendants arguе that they are entitled to descriptions and summaries of the De Castro-Font materials provided to them by the government. The government had made the De Castro-Font materials available for review to defendants since July 8, 2010. (Docket No. 106 at 4.) *175 Defendants claim that their request for production of De Castro-Font materials falls within the universe of Brady and Giglio materials that the government is obligated to provide to defendants. The government has already provided those materials to defendants. Defendants’ argument that “in light of the significant volume of documents and recordings relating to the former De Castro-Font investigation, due process requires that the government produce summaries and logs of the various recordings” is unsupported by any case law in defendant’s brief. In fact, the Court believes that the government has satisfied its obligations under Brady, Giglio and their progeny by making the universe of information available to defendants more than four months before defendants’ motion was filed. Indeed, it is the responsibility of defendants’ counsel, not the government, to review the universe of information and determine the responsiveness of the evidence.
B. Transcripts and Translations
Defendants also claim that they are entitled to transcripts and translations of the foreign language documents. Defendants acknowledge that the government has thus far provided defendants with translations and transcripts of documents it has designated for use at trial. (Docket No. 94 at 13.) Nevertheless, defendants argue that thеy are entitled to translation of all the De Castro-Font materials the government has provided. Defendants cite no appropriate legal support for this proposition, and, in fact, the First Circuit cases to which they cite hold оnly that the government is obligated to provide translated transcripts that it intends to submit to the jury to defense counsel “in adequate time before trial”.
U.S. v. Flecha-Maldonado,
C. Continuing Production under Brady, Giglio and Rule 16
Defendants assert their right to ongoing release of information that falls under Rule 16, Brady, Giglio and their progeny, noting that “[i]t appears that the government has not fully satisfied its affirmative obligations” to provide these materials to defendants. (Docket No. 94 at 12.) Based on the discovery letters submitted by defendants, it appears to the Court that the government has made the relevant information readily available to defendants. In addition to the July 8, 2010 production, the government also sent defendants a discovery package on November 12, 2010. (Docket No. 95, Exhibit E.) The government appears to be aware of its continuing legal obligations to provide Brady/Giglio /Rule 16 discovery and defendants have not indicated that the government has not been responsive in providing discovery in accord with the Cоurt’s Scheduling Order. Thus, at this time, the Court need not order the government to provide any additional discovery aside from what the Court has already ordered in its Scheduling Order and to which the government has already agreed in its correspondencе with defendants. 3 Defendants’ motion to compel discovery is DENIED.
*176 II. MOTION TO STRIKE SURPLUS-AGE
Defendants request the Court to strike surplusage from the indictment pursuant to Federal Rule of Criminal Procedure 7(d). The purpose of the rule is “to protect the defendant against immaterial or irrelevant allegations in an indictment which may be prejudicial.”
United States v. El-Silimy,
Specifically, defendants ask the Court to strike the following language from the indictment: (1) the description of a Senator’s duties and a Senator’s oath of office; (2) the use of the words “solicit” and “demand” in Paragraphs 16(b), 20(a), 77(a) and 85; (3) the allegation that concealment was a purpose of the conspiracy; and (4) identification of “Person A” as “a close friend and professional mentor of defendant Martinez.” The Court addresses each of these requests independently.
First, the inclusion of a Senator’s duties and oath of office are directly related to the substantive crimes with which defendant Martinez is charged in this case. Specifically, defendant Martinez is charged with bribery concerning programs receiving federal funds under Title 18, United States Code § 666, a crime that is materially connected to his status as a Commonwealth Senator. The Court does not find that inclusion of a Senator’s duties and oath of office are prejudicial or irrelevant.
Second, the use оf the words “solicit” and “demand” in the indictment are in reference to the alleged violation of Title 18, United States Code § 666, Section (a)(1)(B). The language in the indictment tracks the exact language of the statute, thus, the language is necessary аnd relevant to explain the crimes charged in the indictment fully.
Third, the allegation that concealment of the crime was a purpose of the conspiracy is both material and relevant to the government’s conspiracy claim. As the Court explained in its opinion denying defendants’ motion to dismiss paragraphs 68-73 of the indictment, the alleged action taken by defendant Bravo and De Castro-Font to conceal the conspiracy qualifies as an overt act dоne in furtherance of the main criminal objectives of the conspiracy. (Docket No. 131.) Because defendant Martinez is being charged as a co-conspirator, and the government has shown a good faith intent to prove the existence of a conspiracy that involved both defendants at trial, the acts described are not surplus-age and will not be stricken from the indictment.
See El-Silimy,
Fourth, the identification of “Person A” as “a close friend and professional mentor of defendant Martinez” is not, as
*177
defendants suggest, an attempt by the government to vouch for the credibility of a witness.
(See
Docket No. 91 at 5.) Defendants cite to a First Circuit case which held that vouching, the practice “of a prosecutor affirming a рersonal belief in the veracity of a government witness”, is prohibited.
U.S. v. Flores-De Jesus,
III. MOTION FOR A BILL OF PARTICULARS
Defendants move for a bill of particulars pursuant to Federal Rule of Criminal Procedure 7(f). “The purpose of a bill of particulars is to provide the accused with detail of the charges against him where necessary to enable him to prepare his defense, to avoid surprise at trial, and to protect against double jeopardy.”
U.S. v. Paiva,
Defendants request a bill of particulars for the following information: (1) the identity of unknown persons and entities with whom defendants Martinez and/or Bravo allegedly cоnspired or interacted; (2) a more detailed description of what acts defendants Bravo and Martinez, and De Castro-Font, performed in furtherance of the alleged conspiracy; (3) the identity of the federal benefits in excess оf $10,000 and transactions of $5,000 or more; and (4) a more detailed description of certain phrases and terms in the indictment. The government claims, and defendants do not dispute, that they have provided defendants with information regarding the identity of unknоwn persons and identities in a letter dated July 21, 2010. Thus, defendants’ request for this category of information is moot.
Even on the merits of defendants’ claims, however, the Court finds that a bill of particulars is not warranted in this case. As the Court found in its opinion denying defеndants’ motions to dismiss, the indictment is sufficient because it informs defendants as to the charged offenses and enables them to plead an acquittal or conviction in bar of future prosecutions for the same offense.
(See
Docket No. 131 at 4 (citing
Hamling v. United States,
CONCLUSION
For the reasons discussed above, defendants’ motion to compel discovery is DENIED; defendants’ motion to strike surplusage is DENIED; and defendants’ motion for a bill of particulars is DENIED.
IT IS SO ORDERED.
Notes
. The Scheduling Order was proposed by the parties (Docket No. 49) after the telephone conference held on September 3, 2010 (Docket No. 48).
. The Scheduling Order establishes deаdlines for the following types of discovery, in addition to others, that were addressed in defendants’ motion: Rule 404(b) evidence, Brady/Giglio evidence, and Jencks evidence. The Court defers to the deadlines set in the Scheduling Order for production of this discovery.
. In its discovery letter to defendants' counsel dated November 12, 2010, the Government agreed to assess what it possesses that is responsive to defendants’ request for "recording logs and/or summaries of the telephone conversations related to the De Castro-Font *176 investigation, as well as any transcripts and translations that were generated.” (Docket No. 95, Exhibit E at 2.)