240 F. Supp. 848 | S.D.N.Y. | 1965
This application by a state prisoner presents issues unlike those raised in a previous petition to this Court and with respect to which he has now exhausted all available state remedies.
With respect to Julia Camber della, a barmaid, the prosecutor, in his opening remarks and in summation, told the jury that she had never been convicted of a crime, was not a participant in the robbery charged against petitioner, and had never been “involved in any dispute with the law.” The fact is she had never been convicted of a crime and had not been a participant in the robbery; however, she had been committed as a material witness once in 1952 and again in connection with the charges against petitioner. In the latter proceeding the Assistant District Attorney who prosecuted the petitioner had characterized Miss Camber-della as a known associate of notorious and criminal characters. Seizing upon this reference, petitioner contends that upon his trial six months later the prosecutor misstated and concealed from the jury the facts as to her background. Of course, one held as a material witness is not detained on a charge involving moral turpitude, nor does such detention impugn one’s integrity. As to the prosecutor’s comment upon her character when she was held as a material witness, the fact is that all matters touching upon her credibility were fully explored and disclosed to the jury. She testified as to her detention as a material witness and who her social acquaintances and associates were — among them, the petitioner. The jury had all relevant facts concerning her past, her reputation and her background.
As to John Tumminia, an alleged accomplice who pled guilty and testified for the State, the claims are two-fold. First, petitioner contends that with respect to other holdups which were the subject of pending indictments against Tumminia, although Tumminia admitted he had participated in them, he falsely testified that he had used a penknife and did not remember using a gun; that since those indictments charged the use of a gun the prosecution knew, or should have known, that Tumminia’s testimony was false. That the pending indictments so charged was not then, and is not now, proof that in fact Tumminia had used a gun in those holdups or that he had committed perjury when he testified he didn’t remember. Accordingly, this first claim fails since there is no basis to support the charge either of the knowing use of false testimony or concealment of material facts with respect thereto.
Petitioner’s second contention is that when the prosecutor told the jury
In sum, the entire record fails to establish either such prejudice to the de
. After hearings in 1960, the coram nobis court found that “petitioner has failed to meet the standard of proof that any witness had testified falsely against him or that the District Attorney knowingly or willfully suppressed any testimony affecting any substantial rights of the defendant at the trial.” People v. Rohrlich, 31 Misc.2d 1062, 1067, 223 N.Y.S.2d 680, 685 (Kings County Ct.1962), aff’d without opinion, 21 A.D.2d 856, 252 N.Y.S.2d 280 (2d Dep’t), leave to appeal denied (Fuld, J.), Oct. 19, 1964.
. See People v. Weinberger, 21 A.D.2d 353, 251 N.Y.S.2d 790 (2d Dep’t 1964), aff’d, 15 N.Y.2d 735, 257 N.Y.S.2d 167, 205 N.E.2d 306 (1965) (guilty plea not “conviction” for Multiple Offender Act purposes until sentence is imposed or suspended).
. N.Y.Code Crim.Proc. § 913-n.
. A defendant, however, may not in New York be impeached by reference to his having been adjudged a Youthful Offender. People v. Sarra, 283 App.Div. 876, 129 N.Y.S.2d 201 (2d Dep’t 1954), aff’d sub nom. People v. Lee, 308 N.Y. 302, 125 N.E.2d 580 (1955). See also, Matter of Anonymous v. New York City Transit Auth., 4 A.D.2d 953, 167 N.Y.S. 2d 715 (2d Dep’t 1957).
. Compare Brady v. State of Maryland, 373 U.S. 83, 83 S.Ct. 1194, 10 L.Ed.2d 215 (1963) (intentional withholding of co-defendant’s admission that he, and not defendant, fired the fatal shot); Napue v. People of State of Illinois, 360 U.S. 264, 79 S.Ct. 1173, 3 L.Ed.2d 1217 (1959) (failure to correct witness’ statement that he had not been promised consideration); Mooney v. Holohan, 294 U.S. 103, 55 S.Ct. 340, 79 L.Ed. 791 (1935) (knowing use of perjured testimony); United States ex rel. Meers v. Wilkins, 326 F.2d 135 (2d Cir. 1964) (failure to disclose witnesses whose testimony would have aided defendant); United States v. Consolidated Laundries Corp., 291 F.2d 563 (2d Cir. 1961) (negligent suppression of evidence); People v. Savvides, 1 N.Y.2d 554, 154 N.Y.S.2d 885, 136 N.E.2d 853 (1956) (failure to controvert witness’ statement that he had not been offered consideration).
. Matter of Anonymous v. New York City Transit Auth., supra.
. Compare Napue v. People of State of Illinois, 360 U.S. 264, 79 S.Ct. 1173, 3 L.Ed.2d 1217 (1959); People v. Sav-vides, 1 N.Y.2d 554, 154 N.Y.S.2d 885, 136 N.E.2d 853 (1956).
. United States v. Carminati, 247 F.2d 640, 645 (2d Cir.), cert, denied, 355 U.S. 883, 78 S.Ct. 150, 2 L.Ed.2d 113 (1957).
. United States v. Raspovich, 241 F.2d 779, 781 (2d Cir. 1957).