45 F.2d 435 | S.D.N.Y. | 1930
This matter is referred back to the Commissioner of Immigration in the port of New York on an order which will contain the following instructions: (1) That a physician
I. I have had occasion to express my views in another exclusion ease to the effect that medical certificates, however satisfactory they may be as intradepartmental memoranda, are not satisfactory as a basis for judicial action, and that for such purposes medical evidence should preferably be taken in question and answer form, but, if not so taken, should at least be in the form of an affidavit, with the qualifications and experience of the doctor or doctors fully set forth, together with the reasons for the opinion at which they have arrived. U. S. ex rel. Fong On v. Day (D. C.) 39 F.(2d) 202, 203.
Judge Learned Hand, in writing for the Circuit Court of Appeals in U. S. ex rel. Powlowec v. Day, 33 F.(2d) 267, at page 268, made a. similar suggestion near the end of his opinion, where he said:
“It is indeed another matter whether the certificate should not itself state the evidence upon which the conclusion is based, and what efforts have been made to ascertain the facts between entry and arrest. Certainly that is desirable.”
In this connection see, also, the decision of the Circuit Court of Appeals for this Circuit in U. S. ex rel. Devenuto v. Curran, 299 F. 206, at pages 212, 213.
It was on this last-mentioned ease that the procedure I followed in the Fong On Case, above cited, was based.
II. The procedure here suggested does not involve the court’s passing on the weight of the evidence before the immigration inspectors, but involves the reasonable requirement that the court shall have an intelligible record before it from which it can determine whether there is any real expert evidence to support the findings of the Department.
It must be remembered that in matters of this kind the Department of Labor and the court are dealing usually with a very defenseless class of people, who are almost wholly at the mercy of the government. Great care should be exercised, therefore, that whatever is done is affirmatively shown to be within the law, for a mistake in a matter of this kind may cause much unnecessary human suffering.
III. The relator has stated that he desired to have an examination by a physician chosen by the court to cheek the correctness of the diagnosis by the medical men of the Department, and would pay the fees of such a physician, provided they' did not exceed $100. The failure of the Department to put before me a record according with the views which I expressed in the Fong On Case affords me the opportunity of complying with that reasonable request. I have arranged, therefore, through a doctor who is an expert on tuberculosis well known to me, that on payment of his fee by the relator in advance he will be ready to comply with the procedure above prescribed.
An order in accordance with this memorandum, in which a blank space must be left for the name of the relator’s physician, whom I shall appoint, may be presented for settlement on two days’ notice.